• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제55권10호
• /
• pp.3628-3638
• /
• 2023

This paper uses 135 Licensed Operator Event Reports (LOER) from Chinese nuclear plants to analyze how safety culture affects unsafe behaviors in nuclear power plants. On the basis of a modified human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) framework, structural equation model (SEM) is used to explore the relationship between latent variables at various levels. Correlation tests such as chi-square test are used to analyze the path from safety culture to unsafe behaviors. The role of latent error is clarified. The results show that the ratio of latent errors to active errors is 3.4:1. The key path linking safety culture weaknesses to unsafe behaviors is Organizational Processes → Inadequate Supervision → Physical/Technical Environment → Skill-based Errors. The most influential factors on the latent variables at each level in the HFACS framework are Organizational Processes, Inadequate Supervision, Physical Environment, and Skill-based Errors.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한안전경영과학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.107-119
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between unsafe behavior, human factor and human error. For the object, several correlation analyses for those three elements were implemented. Several hypotheses for the relationship between them was suggested. The suggested hypotheses were verified by a comprehensive survey received from 132 safety manager of manufacturing industry. The conclusions were proven from the hypotheses verificaiton as belows; 1) The dependent relation items between unsafe behavior and human factor are dress protection tool, machine(equipment) and working rule have a dependent relation. 2) The dependent relation items between human factor and human error are uncommunication, control, slaps, fatigue, education, system, unmonitoring, failure. 3) The dependent relation items between human error and unsfafe behavior are decline and product/working method,failure and uncommunication have a dependent relation.

• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제3권
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 1983

The probability of failure is used to analyze the reliability of three dimensional slope failure, instead of conventional factor of safety. The strength parameters are assumed to be normal variated and beta variated. These are interval estimated under the specified confidence level and maximum likelihood estimation. The pseudonormal and beta random variables are generated using the uniform probability transformation method according to central limit theorem and rejection method. By means of a Monte-Carlo Simulation, the probability of failure is defined as; Pf=M/N N : Total number of trials M : Total number of failures Some of the conclusions derived from the case study include; 1. Three dimensional factors of safety are generally much higher than 2-D factors of safety. However situations appear to exist where the 3-D factor of safety can be lower than the 2-D factor of safety. 2. The F3/F2 ratio appears to be quite sensitive to c and ${\phi}$ and to the shape of the 3-D shear surface and the slope but not to be to the unit weight of soil. 3. In cases that strength parameters are assumed to be normal variated and beta variated, the relationships between safety factor and the probability of failure are fairly consistent, regardless of the shape of the 3-D shear surface and the slope. 4. As the c-value is increased, the probability of failure for the same safety factor is increased and as the ${\phi}-value$ is increased, the probability of failure for the same safety factor is decreased.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.141-151
• /
• 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the safety factor of range-shift gear pairs on multi-purpose agricultural implement machinery for an optimal design of a transmission system. Gear-strengths such as bending and contact stress and safety factors were analyzed under three load conditions: an equivalent engine torque at plow tillage, a rated engine torque, and the maximum engine torque. Root and contact safety factor were calculated to be 3.88, 5.14, 2.24, 2.11, 2.21, 0.99 and 0.78, 0.94, 0.65, 0.68, 0.84, 0.85, respectively, under equivalent engine torque condition at the plow tillage. The root and contact safety factor were calculated to be 1.91, 2.53, 1.10, 1.04, 1.07, 0.48 and 0.55, 0.66, 0.46, 0.48, 0.59, 0.59, respectively, under rated engine torque condition. The root and contact safety factor were calculated to be 1.60, 2.11, 0.92, 0.87, 0.90, 0.40 and 0.51, 0.61, 0.42, 0.44, 0.54, 0.54, respectively, under the maximum engine torque condition. The multi-purpose agricultural implement machinery could be conducted under plow tillage operation. However, gear specifications for tooth surface need modification because the gear surface would be broken at all driving conditions as safety factors are lower than 1.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.496-503
• /
• 2016

억지말뚝으로 보강된 무한사면의 해석을 위해 억지말뚝에 작용하는 하중을 소성변형이론과 소성흐름이론을 적용하여 산정하였고 무한사면의 안전율에 영향을 미치는 다양한 인자들의 효과를 살펴보았다. 해석결과에 따르면 억지말뚝의 설치로 인해 사면의 안전율이 상당히 증가함을 알 수 있었고 말뚝설치간격이 커질수록 안전율은 감소하였다. 억지말뚝의 설치로 인한 안전율의 증가가 커서 무한사면의 침투발생 유무가 사면의 안전율에 미치는 영향은 상대적으로 미미할 것으로 생각된다. 억지말뚝으로 보강된 무한사면의 안전율을 수식으로 나타내 보았는데 무보강시 무한사면의 안전율에 영향을 미치는 흙의 강도정수 및 사면의 경사 그리고 사면의 두께 이외에도 무한사면요소의 폭과 길이 그리고 억지말뚝에 작용하는 하중에 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다. 소성변형이론을 바탕으로 하여 억지말뚝보강 무한사면의 안전율을 흙의 강도갱수를 달려하여 살펴본 결과 무보강시에 비해 상당한 안전율 증가효과를 확인할 수 있었는데 본 연구에서 고려한 강도정수와 말뚝간격에 대하여 최소 안전율은 13.7이었고 최대 안전율은 65.6이었다. 억지말뚝의 지름이 증가할수록 말뚝이 부담하는 하중은 증가하지만 안전율은 감소하였는데 이는 억지말뚝 보강 무한사면의 안전율에 영향을 미치는 무한사면요소의 폭과 길이 때문으로 판단된다. 소성흐름이론을 바탕으로 억지말뚝 보강 무한 사면의 안전율을 평균유입속도와 소성점도의 곱($v_1{\eta}_p$)을 달려하여 살펴본 결과 무보강시에 비해 상당한 안전율 증가효과를 확인할 수 있었으며 $v_1{\eta}_p$값이 커질수록 안전율도 커짐을 알 수 있었고 일정한 $v_1{\eta}_p$값에 대하여 말뚝설치간격이 커질수록 안전율은 감소하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.224-231
• /
• 2018

Background: Organizations are pursing complex and diverse aims to generate higher profits. Many workers experience high work intensity such as workload and work pressure in this organizational environment. Especially, psychological burden is a commonly used term in workplace of Republic of Korea. This study focused on defining the psychological burden from the perspective of occupational safety and health and tried to develop a scale for psychological burden. Methods: The 48 preliminary questionnaire items for psychological burden were prepared by a focus group interview with 16 workers through the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II and Mindful Awareness Attention Scale. The preliminary items were surveyed with 572 workers, and exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis were conducted for a new scale. Results: As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, five factors were extracted: organizational activity, human error, safety and health workload, work attitude, and negative self-management. These factors had significant correlations and reliability, and the stability of the model for validity was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusion: The developed scale for psychological burden can measure workers' psychological burden in relation to safety and health. Despite some limitations, this study has applicability in the workplace, given the relatively small-sized questionnaire.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.399-410
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This study aims to identify self-resilience factors that drive right dietary and food safety practices in middle school students. Methods: Data was collected from 438 middle school students in Daegu using a self-administered questionnaire in December, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of 81 items with the following categories: general information, self-resilience, right dietary and food safety practices. Statistical analyses to determine frequency, average, ANOVA, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were performed using SPSS 21. Results: The results of factor analysis indicated that self-resilience was classified into challenge, adaptability, patience and achievement needs, and right dietary practices were sub-grouped into family meals, experience of dietary life, eco-friendly, balanced food, economy and bad food control, and food safety practices consisted of management of bacteria, hand washing and eating off a plate, safety food and food purchasing. The score of right dietary and food safety practices showed significant differences by sex, grade, and school achievement (p < 0.05). The economy factor of right dietary practices was significantly affected by the management of bacteria (p < 0.001), hand washing and eating off a plate (p < 0.001), safety food (p < 0.01), food purchasing of food safety practices (p < 0.05). The challenge factor of self-resilience significantly affected family meals, experience of dietary life, balanced food, economy, bad food control, management of bacteria, hand washing and eating off a plate, and safety food (p < 0.05). The adaptability factor of self-resilience was associated with factors such as eco-friendly, balanced food, economy, bad food control, management of bacteria, hand washing and eating off a plate, and food purchasing (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that dietary education programs for middle school students could incorporate food safety practices, and self-resilience such as challenge, adaptability, patience and achievement needs to be effective.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.195-202
• /
• 1995

As the pipe houses were constructed by imitation and routine without a structural design by now, they were often destructed by a strong wind or a heavy snowfall. The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for the safety structural design of the pipe houses in Kyungpook region to prevent meteorological disaster. It was shown that the change of frame interval according to the safety factor under the wind load was similar that under the snow load. But the safety frame interval under the snow load was approximately 0.5-0.6m greater than that under the wind load for equal safety factor. Therefore, it seemed that the maximum safety frame interval was to be decided by the snow load. The frame of the pipe houses in Seungju region was structurally stable under the design snow load in recurrence intervals of 8-15years, but was unstable in Kolyong region.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한안전경영과학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.113-123
• /
• 2007

Through so that accident of semiconductor industry deduces unsafe factor of the person center on unsafe behaviour that incident history and questionnaire and I made starting point that extract very important factor. It served as a momentum that make up base that analyzes factors that happen based on factor that extract factor cause classification for the first factor, the second factor and the third factor and presents model of human error. Factor for whole defines factor component for human factor and to cause analysis 1 stage in human factor and step that wish to do access of problem and it do analysis cause of data of 1 step. Also, see significant difference that analyzes interrelation between leading persons about human mistake in semiconductor industry and connect interrelation of mistake by this. Continuously, dictionary road map to human error theoretical background to basis traditional accidental cause model and modern accident cause model and leading persons. I wish to present model and new model in semiconductor industry by backbone that leading persons of existing scholars who present model of existent human error deduce relation. Finally, I wish to deduce backbone of model of pre-suppression about accident leading person of the person center.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제51권7호
• /
• pp.1715-1720
• /
• 2019

Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI), TRIGA Mark II reactor employs the homogeneous mixture of uranium and zirconium hydride fuel type. Since its upgrade, a series of fresh fuel steady state experimental benchmarks have been conducted. The benchmark results have provided data for testing computational neutronics codes which are important for reactor design and safety analysis. In this work, we investigated the JSI TRIGA Mark II reactor neutronics characteristics: the effective multiplication factor and two safety parameters, namely the control rod worth and the fuel temperature reactivity coefficient using SuperMC. The modeling and real-time cross section generation methods of SuperMC were evaluated in the investigation. The calculation analysis indicated the following: the effective multiplication factor was influenced by the different cross section data libraries; the control rod worth evaluation was better with Monte Carlo codes; the experimental fuel temperature reactivity coefficient was smaller than calculated results due to change in water temperature. All the results were in good agreement with the experimental values. Hence, SuperMC could be used for the designing and benchmarking of other TRIGA Mark II reactors.