• Title/Summary/Keyword: SMEs' Export Performance

Search Result 91, Processing Time 0.02 seconds

Determinants and Effects of FTA-PASS and ERP System Compatibility (원산지관리시스템(FTA-PASS)과 전사자원관리시스템(ERP)의 연동 수준이 수출 성과에 미치는 영향 분석)

  • Su-Han Hwang;Hyuk-Soo Cho
    • Korea Trade Review
    • /
    • v.45 no.2
    • /
    • pp.1-16
    • /
    • 2020
  • Korea is one of active countries in terms of FTA(Free Trade Agreement) around the globe. Local market is not big enough for Korean companies. This is why Korea is actively participating in FTA with various countries. Individual companies should conform to regulation, policy and system relevant to the agreement. Otherwise, it is not easy for companies to enjoy benefits of FTA. The Korean government is using various FTA programs to support domestic companies, in particular SMEs(Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises). FTA-PASS is a representative program. FTA-PASS is an official program of Korea Customs Service. Korean companies can use the program as free. However, some companies may have difficulties regarding the use of FTA-PASS. The program may cause of compatibility problem related their own ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning) systems. This study is designed to analyze determinants of FTA-PASS and ERP system compatibility. Furthermore this study aims to examine effects of the system compatibility on export performances. This study collected data from Koreas SMEs. In specific, the primary data was based on surveys distributed to 303 SMEs. Based on empirical findings, we could get important determinants to improve compatibility between FTA-PASS and ERP systems. For instance, the government support, product standardization, HS Code clearness and market stability could be considered important determinants. Also, according to empirical findings, a positive relationship between system compatibility an export performance was supported. Analyzing comprehensive determinants of system compatibility can be suggested as an important topic for future research.

The Determinants of e-Trade Utilization and Its Impact on Exporter Performance in Korean SMEs

  • KIM, Byoung-Goo
    • East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.41-55
    • /
    • 2020
  • Purpose - This paper tries to analyze the factors affecting the utilization of electronic trade of small and medium enterprises and examine how these factors affect the performance of small and medium enterprises. In addition, the leading factors affecting the level of e-trade utilization of small businesses were analyzed by dividing them into external environmental factors affecting the external business and internal resources of the companies themselves Research design, data, and methodology - With a sample of 223 small and medium-sized export firms from South Korea, this study investigates the antecedents of the utilization level of e-Trade such as information exchange, innovation orientation, absorptive capacity and trust by hierarchical regression analysis. Results - The results show that innovation orientation was shown to have a positive effect on e-trade utilization and absorptive capacity has a positive effect on e-trade utilization. Also, information exchange with stakeholders has a positive impact on e-trade utilization. Conclusions - Internal and external factors of companies have a positive effect on the utilization of e-trade. It also showed that the increased utilization of electronic trade had a positive effect on trade performance. Thus, the findings provide policy-makers with implications of the importance of activating e-trade, and furthermore, significant implications for exporter performance.

Export Prediction Using Separated Learning Method and Recommendation of Potential Export Countries (분리학습 모델을 이용한 수출액 예측 및 수출 유망국가 추천)

  • Jang, Yeongjin;Won, Jongkwan;Lee, Chaerok
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
    • /
    • v.28 no.1
    • /
    • pp.69-88
    • /
    • 2022
  • One of the characteristics of South Korea's economic structure is that it is highly dependent on exports. Thus, many businesses are closely related to the global economy and diplomatic situation. In addition, small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) specialized in exporting are struggling due to the spread of COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model to forecast exports for next year to support SMEs' export strategy and decision making. Also, this study proposed a strategy to recommend promising export countries of each item based on the forecasting model. We analyzed important variables used in previous studies such as country-specific, item-specific, and macro-economic variables and collected those variables to train our prediction model. Next, through the exploratory data analysis(EDA) it was found that exports, which is a target variable, have a highly skewed distribution. To deal with this issue and improve predictive performance, we suggest a separated learning method. In a separated learning method, the whole dataset is divided into homogeneous subgroups and a prediction algorithm is applied to each group. Thus, characteristics of each group can be more precisely trained using different input variables and algorithms. In this study, we divided the dataset into five subgroups based on the exports to decrease skewness of the target variable. After the separation, we found that each group has different characteristics in countries and goods. For example, In Group 1, most of the exporting countries are developing countries and the majority of exporting goods are low value products such as glass and prints. On the other hand, major exporting countries of South Korea such as China, USA, and Vietnam are included in Group 4 and Group 5 and most exporting goods in these groups are high value products. Then we used LightGBM(LGBM) and Exponential Moving Average(EMA) for prediction. Considering the characteristics of each group, models were built using LGBM for Group 1 to 4 and EMA for Group 5. To evaluate the performance of the model, we compare different model structures and algorithms. As a result, it was found that the separated learning model had best performance compared to other models. After the model was built, we also provided variable importance of each group using SHAP-value to add explainability of our model. Based on the prediction model, we proposed a second-stage recommendation strategy for potential export countries. In the first phase, BCG matrix was used to find Star and Question Mark markets that are expected to grow rapidly. In the second phase, we calculated scores for each country and recommendations were made according to ranking. Using this recommendation framework, potential export countries were selected and information about those countries for each item was presented. There are several implications of this study. First of all, most of the preceding studies have conducted research on the specific situation or country. However, this study use various variables and develops a machine learning model for a wide range of countries and items. Second, as to our knowledge, it is the first attempt to adopt a separated learning method for exports prediction. By separating the dataset into 5 homogeneous subgroups, we could enhance the predictive performance of the model. Also, more detailed explanation of models by group is provided using SHAP values. Lastly, this study has several practical implications. There are some platforms which serve trade information including KOTRA, but most of them are based on past data. Therefore, it is not easy for companies to predict future trends. By utilizing the model and recommendation strategy in this research, trade related services in each platform can be improved so that companies including SMEs can fully utilize the service when making strategies and decisions for exports.

On utilizing PLS-SEM based IPM method - Focused on export competitiveness factor (PLS-SEM 기반 IPM 방법 활용 - 수출 경쟁력 요인 대상)

  • Kim, Mincheol
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
    • /
    • v.17 no.7
    • /
    • pp.43-47
    • /
    • 2019
  • The aim of this study was to apply the Importance-Performance Map (IPM) method based on PLS-SEM by extending the importance-performance analysis (IPA), which is an existing method to grasp strategic policies through the difference of importance and satisfaction of existing competitiveness factors. For this application, this study was applied to research related to policy measures that can survive and spread in global competition by analyzing strategic factors of information technology (IT) convergence industry. The development of IT convergence industry, which is the subject of this study, has the effect of revitalizing related industry development and employment activation. Therefore, this study expanded the possibility of applying this research methodology to research the strategic factors to activate exports of SMEs (Small and medium-sized enterprises) in the convergency industry. In order to achieve this goal, the analytical methodology of this study was applied and the policy measures for IT SMEs. Therefore, based on the analysis results of this study, this study can apply this research methodology to other fields as a strategic tool in establishing and enforcing policies for export activation of IT convergence industry.

A Study on the Factors Affecting the Global Performance in Chinese Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (중국 중소기업의 글로벌 성과에 미치는 영향요인에 관한 연구)

  • Li, Jun-Jian;Kim, Tae-In
    • International Commerce and Information Review
    • /
    • v.14 no.3
    • /
    • pp.3-30
    • /
    • 2012
  • In the development process, small and medium-sized enterprises in China have shown their unique features and regularities which are closely related to China's national condition and economic characteristics. But in 2008, because of the global financial crisis which started in the USA, the rate of Chinese export and the rate of economic growth has evidently slowed. Due to shortage of funds, foreign orders fell, increase the value of RMB, lack of talented factors, Chinese SMEs are facing bankruptcy. In this context, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of domestic and international market environment, the government assistance for entering overseas market, entrepreneur characteristics, etc. on the global performance. Based on these, a research model and some hypotheses were set up and tested by the multiple regression analysis with total 317 effective survey data. The results of this paper are as follows. First, a positive effect relation on the financial performance was shown for the companies with high domestic and international market environment in the aspect of market environment. According to such analysis result, it was found that the market environment in which SMEs belong to is a very important factor. Second, in the aspect of government export assistance related to overseas, market development showed a positive effect relation on the both financial and non-financial performance. However, the direct financial assistance showed a positive effect relation only on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the government assistance program on entering overseas market is having significant effects on SMEs, but direct financial assistance have not achieved the desired results. Third, the innovative-ness and progressiveness of entrepreneur showed a positive effect relation on the global market performance. However, the risk-taking of entrepreneur only showed a negative effect relation on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the entrepreneurship of SMEs is an important and influential factor. This is a result implying that the propensity of taking too much risk is not desirable based on the uncertainty of the global environment market. To sum up, this study confirmed that the market environment, the government assistance and entrepreneur characteristics, which are the major prerequisites of global performance, have effects on global performance.

  • PDF

A study on the Effect of Export Support Policy to Export Performance: Focusing on Small-Medium Start-up Enterprises in Gyeonggi Area (수출역량강화사업이 수출성과에 미치는 효과연구: 경기지역 창업 중소기업을 중심으로)

  • Lee, In Seong;Park, Woo Jin
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
    • /
    • v.11 no.5
    • /
    • pp.141-151
    • /
    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the international marketing program (hereunder refer to as 'program') among the programs to support export conducted by the Small and Medium Business Administration. Especially, this study aims to analyze the effects of the program to increase in export for small - medium enterprises of less than 7 years (base on Item 2 of Article 2 of Act on Support for Small and Medium Enterprise Establishment). In order to achieve the purpose above, export result for 1,690 companies which participated through Gyeonggi District Small and Medium Business Administration in 2014 and 2015 were selected among the 843 companies that applied to the program through 12 local small and medium business administration in Korea and quantitative analysis on export performance of 1,690 companies is conducted in this study. In this study, main variables were selected by investigating advanced researches related to export performance of company based on the existing studies. And also, samples have been collected from companies in Gyeonggi area for this research since the companies in Gyeonggi area have been ranked as the 1s annually and the companies in Gyeonggi area employ the highest number of people per industry. As a result of actual proof analysis, Firstly, it was suggested that the program influences positively on the export performance of small-medium enterprises. Secondly, the program shows that the program influenced positively on the export performance of companies with less than 7 years. Lastly, it suggested that the program influenced more positively on the small - medium enterprises with less than 7years than normal small - medium enterprises. By adding the export performances of companies in Ulsan area of which the scale of import and export is the 2nd largest and companies in Seoul area, that participated in the program during the same period, I would like to conduct follow- up research if the significant results are obtained or not.

  • PDF

Success Factors of German Mittelstand as a Role Model for Korean Exporting SMEs (한국 수출중소기업 롤 모델로서 독일 미텔슈탄트의 성공요인 분석)

  • Hong, Song-Hon
    • International Commerce and Information Review
    • /
    • v.15 no.4
    • /
    • pp.341-366
    • /
    • 2013
  • The term, Mittelstand, has no exact english translation for the definition, but, today, Mittelstand refers to small and medium-sized enterprises(SME), mostly family-owned firms in Germany. The Mittelstand is called the backbone of the German economy because it drove the economic miracle after World War II. During the global recession and the euro zone's debt crisis in recent years, in which european businesses have faced the near-collapse of competitiveness particularly in manufacturing, the German exports are booming and exceeded exports of China in 2012. Most importantly, the Germany economic performance has been widely attributed to the strength of the Mittelstand. Many of countries, even some leading public companies are seeking to emulate the success of the Mittelstand. Investors evaluate that many of Germany's investable "hidden champions" are Mittelstand companies. The purpose of this study is to present some of answers to the following questions: Firstly, what makes the German Mittelstand so successful? Secondly, what does the success of the German Mittelstand mean for the Korean SMEs in global competitiveness? Thirdly, what Korean government has to do improve the global competitiveness of the Korean SMEs? Some discussions in this study mention the managerial implications for Korean exporting SMEs particularly in manufacturing. Several factors that account for the success of the German Mittelstand are technological excellence and the tradition of family-owned management, concentration on niche market and globalization, and institutional supports. There are some of important lessons to be learned from the German Mittelstand. If the purposes of Korean SMEs want to remain in the sustainable competitive advantage and withstand unforeseen economic turbulences in the future, they must be able to meet the followings: 1) Technology that meets the global standard or exceeding it 2) Competitiveness in price in the global market 3) Active involvement in the globalization process, utilizing various entry modes Innovative products at globally competitive price are a crucial point for Korean exporting SMEs to achieve their competitive edge over others in the target markets abroad. It is time for Korean SMEs to cultivate a core competence in manufacturing in order to position Korea as a global manufacturing hub with SMEs leading.

  • PDF

The Effects of International Entrepreneurial Proclivity of SME's on Corporate Capability and Export Performance: Focused on Consumer Goods and Industrial Goods (중소기업의 국제기업가 성향이 기업역량 및 수출성과에 미치는 영향: 산업재와 소비재를 중심으로)

  • Yang, Hee-Soon;Jung, Min-Ji
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
    • /
    • v.10 no.2
    • /
    • pp.121-134
    • /
    • 2015
  • This study empirically analyzed the effects of international entrepreneurial proclivity of exporting small and medium enterprises on corporate capability and export performance according to product type of industrial and consumer goods. International entrepreneurial proclivity of exporting small and medium enterprises consists of risk-taking, proactiveness, and innovativeness, and corporate capability consists of technological capability and product differentiation capability. Risk-taking, innovativeness, and proactiveness had a significant impact on technological capability in case of industrial goods, and in case of consumer goods, only risk-taking and innovativeness had significant impact. Product differentiation capability of consumer goods was significantly influenced by the order of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking while only innovativeness had a negative impact on industrial goods. When the impact of corporate capability on export performance was examined, only technological capability had a significant impact on both financial and strategic performance in case of industrial goods while both technological capability and product differentiation capability had significant impact in case of consumer goods. After examining the direct impact of international entrepreneurial proclivity on financial performance, it was found that financial performance in the case of industrial goods was significantly influenced by the order of proactiveness and risk-taking, and in the case of consumer goods by the order of innovativeness and proactiveness. However, the impact of international entrepreneurial proclivity on strategic performance showed different results. In case of industrial goods, only risk-taking had a significant impact on strategic performance while in the case of consumer goods it was significantly influenced by the order of innovativeness, proactivenesspro, and risk-taking. The direct impact of international entrepreneurial proclivity on export performance was different in case of financial and strategic performance, and there was difference regarding product type as well. It suggests that different approach is needed according to product type in order to increase export performance since the impact of international entrepreneurial proclivity on corporate capability, the impact of corporate capability on export performance, and the impact of international entrepreneurial proclivity on export performance were all different according to product type.

  • PDF

A Study on the Effect of The Service Quality Factors of SMEs in Korea on Utilization Performance of B2B Global Export E-commerce (우리나라 중소 수출제조기업의 서비스 품질요인이 B2B 글로벌 전자상거래 활용성과에 미치는 영향 연구)

  • Chang-Bong Kim;Hwa-Jung Hyun
    • Korea Trade Review
    • /
    • v.47 no.2
    • /
    • pp.155-174
    • /
    • 2022
  • This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality on e-commerce utilization performance in B2B market. Measurement factors derived from the survey were examined, and whether they had a positive effect on the performance of e-commerce utilizing was examined. The survey period was conducted on the Likert-5 score scale for about four months from November 2021 to February 2022, and 2,200 copies were distributed online and offline, and a total of 268 copies were used for empirical analysis. The moderating effect of the research methodology was analyzed by using multiple regression analysis and PROCESS MACRO. Three factors of service quality were secured and the influence relationship on e-commerce utilization performance was derived. Study results were as follows. First, interaction, logistics and economics have a positive effect on the level of e-commerce utilization. It means SMEs can increase the level of use of e-commerce as they produce and deliver goods with high economic contribution from the perspective of foreign companies, accuracy of goods transportation services, and purchasing companies. Second, It was confirmed that the effect of service quality on the utilization performance of e-commerce varies depending on the degree of corporate image. Therefore, it will be important to plan a management strategy first to improve service quality in order to increase e-commerce activities.

An Empirical Study on the FTA Performance of FTA Awareness and Applicability (FTA 인지도 및 활용도가 FTA 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증연구)

  • Kim, Tae-In;Li, Jun-Jian
    • International Commerce and Information Review
    • /
    • v.16 no.3
    • /
    • pp.225-251
    • /
    • 2014
  • This study was intended to confirm a positive correlation between a understanding and utilization and performance results of the FTA in Gangwon-do. To this end, eighty-six companies(90% SMEs) which participate in both import and export were surveyed regarding their understanding and utilization of the FTA, and current performance was analyzed. The research results are as follows. First, we found a positive correlation between 1) a company's global orientation (as measured in export density as a percentage of profit) and 2) its competitiveness (as measured in annual sales), and a company's degree of utilization of FTA provisions. Second, we found that increased awareness of the provisions of Korea's FTAs was positively correlated with the degree to which companies were able to benefit financially from Korea's FTAs. Third, however, at the time of this study's completion, FTA utilization was not yet positively correlated with statistically significant performance results. Therefore, to increase the utilization and performance of FTA, the Korean government have to make a efficient business models for each industry and support the small and mid-size businesses including Gangwon province's SMEs.

  • PDF