• Title/Summary/Keyword: SGR

Search Result 239, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

The Success requirement of implementing Medicare's SGR in Korea (Medicare의 SGR을 우리나라에 도입하기 위한 전제)

  • 오동일
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.3 no.3
    • /
    • pp.221-226
    • /
    • 2002
  • The SGR system which is the basis for setting Medicare conversion factor updates was enacted since 1992. The SGR sets a target rate of spending growth based on factors influencing medical costs. In our situation of Fee Contracts in Korea, there exist much conflicts with SGR. This article seeks how we can implement the SGR system successfully in Korea. The major points are estimation of real economic parameters, adjustment of prior estimation, consideration of important factors influencing medical costs.

  • PDF

The Divergent Roles of STAYGREEN (SGR) Homologs in Chlorophyll Degradation

  • Sakuraba, Yasuhito;Park, So-Yon;Paek, Nam-Chon
    • Molecules and Cells
    • /
    • v.38 no.5
    • /
    • pp.390-395
    • /
    • 2015
  • Degradation of chlorophyll (Chl) by Chl catabolic enzymes (CCEs) causes the loss of green color that typically occurs during senescence of leaves. In addition to CCEs, STAYGREEN1 (SGR1) functions as a key regulator of Chl degradation. Although sgr1 mutants in many plant species exhibit a staygreen phenotype, the biochemical function of the SGR1 protein remains elusive. Many recent studies have examined the physiological and molecular roles of SGR1 and its homologs (SGR2 and SGR-LIKE) in Chl metabolism, finding that these proteins have different roles in different species. In this review, we summarize the recent studies on SGR and discuss the most likely functions of SGR homologs.

Transcriptional Analysis of Genes Involved in Ectopic Sporulation in Streptomyces griseus (Streptomyces griseus의 특이적 포자형성에 관여하는 유전자의 전사량 분석)

  • Chi, Won-Jae
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.44 no.4
    • /
    • pp.563-570
    • /
    • 2016
  • Two Streptomyces griseus strains, a wild-type strain and an A-factor-dependent transcriptional activator mutant strain harboring multiple copies of a gene, dasA, that encodes a substrate-binding protein of the ATP-binding cassette transporter, showed severe ectopic sporulation of young substrate hyphae in response to glucose. The effect of dasA overexpression on the ectopic sporulation of Streptomyces strains was evaluated by comparing the transcriptomes of the strain harboring multiple copies of dasA and a strain harboring empty vector. By DNA microarray, 4 genes (SGR794, SGR2469, SGR3656, and SGR3657) and 3 clusters (SGR795-797, SGR2377-2378, and SGR6997-6998) were differentially expressed by more than 2-fold in S. griseus strains harboring dasA. The DNA microarray result was validated by low-resolution S1 nuclease mapping.

A Empirical Study on Durability and Waterproofing Characteristic of Space Multi-Injection Grouting Method (S.M.I 공법의 내구성 및 차수특성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Shin, Hyohee;Park, Minchul;Park, Kyeonghan;Suh, Jeeweon;Lee, Song
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
    • /
    • v.14 no.1
    • /
    • pp.53-60
    • /
    • 2013
  • On this study, engineering properties of SGR method and SMI method, which are typical sodium silicate methods, were compared through the laboratory test and durability, strength, waterproof characteristic and environmental effects were compared and analyzed with period and condition of curing on each case. As a result of durability test, volume change of SGR is approximately 23-times greater than SMI and the effects on environment are appeared safe on all method. In case of waterproof characteristic test, permeability coefficient is decreased about 24% on SMI, whereas on SGR permeability coefficient is showed to increase because rapid volume change make wider void. Strength characteristics of SMI are appeared higher about 11-times in case of homogel and 3.9-times in case of sandgel than SGR. Which is because volume change of SMI, caused by leaching, is smaller than SGR.

The Effect of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma on Rats with Gout induced by Monosodium Urate (토복령(土茯苓)이 Monosodium Urate로 유발(誘發)된 백서(白鼠)의 통풍(痛風)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kim, Sun-Je;Cho, Chung-Sik;Kim, Chul-Jung
    • Journal of Haehwa Medicine
    • /
    • v.17 no.1
    • /
    • pp.95-104
    • /
    • 2008
  • This study was designed to investigate the Effects of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma(SGR) on the gout. After pretreatment of SGR(50, 500mg/kg) for 5days, the Effects of SGR was evaluated on changes Joint value increase ratio, Serum albumin, Serum globulin, glutamate dxalacetate transminase(AST), glutanate pyruvate transminase(ALT), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), Serum creatitine, Serum uric acid, xanthine oxidase activity, WBC, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate(ESR), platelet. The results were obtained as follows ; Joint valueincrease ratio was decreased in 50mg/kg, 500mg/kg SGR taken group, but changes were not significantly different with the control group. AST, ALT were not significantly different in all SGR taken groups compared with the control group. Serum BUN, creatinine were significantly decreased in 500mg/kg SGR taken group compared with control group. ESR was significantly decreased in all SGR taken groups compared with the control group. WBC, platelet were significantly decreased in 500mg/kg SGR taken group compared with control group. Serum uric acid was not significantly different in all SGR taken groups compared with the control group. Xanthine oxidase activity was significantly decreased in 500mg/kg SGR taken group compared with control group. From above results, it may be concluded that SGR can be used for treatment and prevention of gout.

  • PDF

Protective effects of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma on acute pancreatitis (토복령(土茯苓) 물 추출물의 급성 췌장염 보호 효과)

  • Kim, Myoung-Jin;Park, Sung-Joo
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
    • /
    • v.33 no.2
    • /
    • pp.45-52
    • /
    • 2018
  • Objectives : Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR) has been used in traditional medicine for treating diseases related to inflammation and cancer. However, the protective effect of SGR has not been reported in the study of acute pancreatitis (AP). Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of SGR water extract on cerulein-induced AP. Methods : AP was induced by intraperitoneal injection of supramaximal concentrations of stable cholecystokinin analogue cerulein ($50{\mu}g/kg$) 6 times at intervals of one hour in mice. SGR water extract (0.01, 0.05, or 0.1 g/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally 1 h prior to the first injection of cerulein. The mice were sacrificed at 6 h after the final injection of cerulein. Pancreas and lung were rapidly removed for histochemical examination and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. In addition, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to examine mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin(IL)-6, $IL-1{\beta}$ and Tumor necrosis $factor(TNF)-{\alpha}$. Results : Administration of SGR water extract significantly inhibited pancreatic weight to body weight ratio. In addition, SGR treatment inhibited the histological damages and increase of MPO activity in both pancreas and lung during AP. Also, mRNA levels of IL-6 but not $IL-1{\beta}$and $TNF-{\alpha}$ were inhibited by SGR water extract against AP. Conclusion : Our results revealed that pre-treatment of SGR water extract reduces the severity of cerulein-induced AP. Therefore, this study suggest that SGR could be used as a drug or agent to prevent AP.

Development of a Predictive Mathematical Model for the Growth Kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes in Sesame Leaves

  • Park, Shin-Young;Choi, Jin-Won;Chung, Duck-Hwa;Kim, Min-Gon;Lee, Kyu-Ho;Kim, Keun-Sung;Bahk, Gyung-Jin;Bae, Dong-Ho;Park, Sang-Kyu;Kim, Kwang-Yup;Kim, Cheorl-Ho;Ha, Sang-Do
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.16 no.2
    • /
    • pp.238-242
    • /
    • 2007
  • Square root models were developed for predicting the kinetics of growth of Listeria monocytogenes in sesame leaves as a function of temperature (4, 10, or $25^{\circ}C$). At these storage temperatures, the primary growth curves fit well ($R^2=0.898$ to 0.980) to a Gompertz equation to obtain lag time (LT) and specific growth rate (SGR). The square root models for natural logarithm transformations of the LT and SGR as a function of temperature were obtained by SAS's regression analysis. As storage temperature ($4-25^{\circ}C$) decreased, LT increased and SGR decreased, respectively. Square root models were identified as appropriate secondary models for LT and SGR on the basis of most statistical indices such as coefficient determination ($R^2=0.961$ for LT, 0.988 for SGR), mean square error (MSE=0.l97 for LT, 0.005 for SGR), and accuracy factor ($A_f=1.356$ for LT, 1.251 for SGR) although the model for LT was partially not appropriate as a secondary model due to the high value of bias factor ($B_f=1.572$). In general, our secondary model supported predictions of the effects of temperature on both LT and SGR for L. monocytogenes in sesame leaves.

KaVA Q-band Monitoring of Sgr A* in 2013-2014

  • Zhao, Guang-Yao;Akiyama, Kazunori;Kino, Motoki;Sohn, Bong Won
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
    • /
    • v.40 no.2
    • /
    • pp.38.4-39
    • /
    • 2015
  • We have been monitoring Sgr A*, the radio source at the center of our galaxy, continuously since G2 encounter was predicted. KaVA is a powerful High resolution imaging array at K and Q band, and it has a excellent uv-coverage for Sgr A*. Together with 1-Gbps recording, our observations have provided high-quality images of Sgr A* at Q-band. Our images reveal a scatter-broadened, elliptical Gaussian structure of the source. We found no significant flux or structural variation of Sgr A* in 2013-2014, which is consistent with recent simulations by Kawashima et al. Continuous monitoring in the coming few years would be able to capture the possible flux increase in the source caused by G2, which will lead to better understanding of the accretion process around supermassive black holes.

  • PDF

GDP and MEI Influence on the Rates of Fee Change when Implementing SGR System in Korea (SGR제도 도입시 GDP와 MEI 변화가 환산지수에 미치는 영향)

  • 오동일
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.57-62
    • /
    • 2003
  • In order to implement SGR in Korea, it is necessary to analyse the factors affecting the increase of Korea Medical Insurance Cost. GDP and MEI may substitute the diverse factors affecting the Medical Cost Uprise. In this article, the GDP and MEI influence on the rates of fee schedule is measured when we implement SGR System in Korea. The various cases are made to analyse the rates of fee change. In Korea, if we implement the SGR system successfully. we should make a considerate formula using GDP and MEI because the rate of change in GDP and MEI is much more bigger than that of U.S.

  • PDF

A Comparative Study of the Anti-cancer Effects of Smilacis Chinae Rhizoma and Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma on Stomach Cancer SNU-1 Cells (토복령(土茯苓)의 기원식물별 위암 세포 SNU-1에 대한 항암효과 비교연구)

  • Ahn, Han-Kyu;Han, Hyo-Sang;Lee, Young-Jong
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
    • /
    • v.25 no.1
    • /
    • pp.23-31
    • /
    • 2010
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to compare the anticancer effects of Smilacis Chinae Rhizoma (SCR) and Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR) on stomach cancer SNU-1 cells. Methods : The cell proliferation, apoptosis and cytokine level from the extracts were examined in order to compare the anticancer effects of SCR and SGR on SNU-1 cells. Results : SCR had greater anticancer effects than SGR in terms of the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the SNU-1 cells. SCR decreased TGF-$\beta$ and SGR increased IL-2 in SNU-1 cells. SCR decreased more TGF-$\beta$ and increased more TNF-$\alpha$ compared to SGR. Conclusions : There were few significant differences according to the concentration and fraction, but a greater anticancer effect of SCR was shown as compared with SGR.