• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 2024

To compare and analyze the improvement effects of white ginseng extract, red ginseng extract, and black ginseng extract on cognitive dysfunction and memory impairment caused by scopolamine in rats. In the cognitive behavioral test, the tendency of the SCOP+B group to overcome the escape time delay induced by scopolamine administration was observed, unlike the SCOP group. The frequency on plat form was significantly increased in the group treated with ginseng extracts compared to the SCOP group. As a result of measuring the duration time on goal quadrant, the time spent in the quadrant was significantly increased in the SCOP+B group compared to the SCOP group. In the hippocampus, the SCOP-treated group significantly decreased the activity of AChE compared to the normal group, but the ginseng extract-treated groups significantly increased it compared to the SCOP group. After sacrificing the rats after the behavioral test, the expression of PSD95 protein in the excised brain was significantly decreased in the SCOP group compared to normal, but it was observed that the SCOP+R and SCOP+B groups were significantly increased compared to the SCOP group. CREB1 protein expression was significantly increased in the SCOP+R group, and the expression of Cdk5 was significantly increased in the SCOP+B group. Ginseng extracts significantly restored the memory damaged by scopolamine suggesting that red ginseng increased the expression of CREB1 and PSD95 proteins, and black ginseng increased the protein expression of Cdk5 and PSD95 to induce memory recovery.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
• /
• v.10D no.1
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2003

The major challenge for post-genomic study is to identify structural similarity and relationships of proteins. SCOP (Structural Classification of Proteins) is a typical database for this purpose, providing a derailed description of the structural and functional relationships of the proteins whose three-dimensional structures have been determined. Unfortunately, since the SCOP data is only available as a plain text format, it is cumbersome and error-prone to develop tools and resources to utilize the data more effectively. To meet these researchers to utilize the data more effectively. To meet these requirements, we have developed an XML representation for the SCOP site, users of the tool, named, SCOPBrowser, for effective search of SCOP database. In addition to the information available from the SCOP site, users of the tool can obtain various information such as viewing the tree hierarchy of structure classification of proteins, searching into whole protein domains, showing XML contents of a specific domain, and some useful statistics about protein structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2002.10c
• /
• pp.286-288
• /
• 2002

포스트지놈 시대에 있어서 가장 주된 연구는 단백질의 구조적 유사성이나 분류학적인 연관성을 밝히는 것이다. SCOP 단백질 구조 분류는 이러한 목적을 위하여 3차원 구조가 알려진 단백질에 대한 구조적, 분류학적 관계에 대해 상세한 정보를 제공한다. 그러나 SCOP의 데이터는 단순 텍스트 기반의 자료만 제공되고 있어서, 이를 이용한 다른 분석 도구를 개발하거나 유용한 정보 추출을 할 경우 그 작업이 매우 힘들며 오류 발생의 확률이 높다. 본 논문에서는 단백질 구조 관련 연구자들이 SCOP 데이터를 보다 효과적으로 이용할 수 있도록 구조화된 문서의 표준인 XML을 이용하여 개발된 SCOPML에 대하여 기술한다. 그리고 SCOPML을 이용하여 SCOP 데이터에 대한 효율적인 검색을 지원하는 SCOPBrowser의 개발에 대해 기술한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2004.04b
• /
• pp.274-276
• /
• 2004

단백질은 대부분 공간상의 특징을 고려할 때 유사한 부분을 기준으로 분류되는 경우가 많다 단백질 구조 분류 데이터베이스는 단백질이 가지는 다양한 구조 정보를 바탕으로 단백질 구조 분류 정보를 제공하고 있다. 대표적인 단백질 구조 분류 데이터베이스에는 CATH와 SCOP 데이터베이스가 있다. 이들 데이터베이스는 서로 다른 구조 분류 기준으로 단백질 구조를 분류하고 있으며, 단백질 구조 분류 정보를 검색하는 웹 서비스를 개별적으로 제공하고 있다. 따라서 여러 종류의 단백질 구조 분류 정보를 하나의 웹 사이트에서 검색할 수 있으면 유용할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 CATH와 SCOP에서 정의한 단백질 구조 분류 정보의 통합적인 검색 기능 일 통계 정보를 체계적으로 제공하는 웹 정보시스템에 관하여 기술한다. 제안된 시스템은 CATH와 SCOP에서 제공하는 각각의 데이터를 가공하여 효과적인 구조 분류 검색을 지원하는 구조화된 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 개발된 시스템은 PDB 식별자, CAT터 식별자. 그리고 SCOP 식별자 또는 단백질 분류 이름으로 한번의 검색으로 두 데이터베이스에서 제공하는 계층적 구조 분류 정보를 제공한다. 또한, 단백질 구조에 대한 유용한 통계 정보를 제공한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2010

This study compared the effects of black, white, and red ginseng extracts (WGE, RGE, BGE, 200 mg/kg, p.o.) on learning and memory deficits associated with scopolamine treatment (SCOP, 2 mg/kg, i.p.). Tacrine (THA, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as a positive control. Ginseng significantly reversed SCOP-induced memory impairment in the passiveavoidance test and also reduced escape latency in training trials of the Morris water maze test. The increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity produced by SCOP was significantly inhibited by WGE and RGE (p<0.001). SCOP administration had no effect on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, but RGE and BGE significantly increased ChAT activity (p<0.05). SCOP administration increased oxidative damage in the brain. Treatment of amnesic mice with ginseng extracts decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity to control levels. These results suggest that black ginseng enhances cognitive activity by regulation of cholinergic enzymes and antioxidant systems.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.279-282
• /
• 2002

Oryzalexine A, a potent growth inhibitor against several weeds such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L) Scop., and Amaranthus lividus L. was purified by conventional solvent partitioning and column chromatographies. This substance showed strong inhibitory activity on several weeds: Germination of seeds of Poa annua L. was inhibited by 36.5 % at 1.0 mM and Amaranthus lividus L. by 56.1% at 2.5mM. Growth of root and shoot of Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. by 10.2% and 22.4% at 2.5mM, respectively. These suggest that Oryzalexine A in rice straw might affect the germination and growth of susceptible weeds and other plants.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 1996

An experiment was canied out to investigate how to effect the application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium on the vegetation and dry matter yield in the mixed sward of Ladino clover and crabgrass(Digitaria sanguinalis [L.] Scop.). The experimental sward was consisted of eight plots of non-application, K, P, PK, N, NK, NP and NPK. These plots were sown with seeds mixture of Ladino clover 5.0kg/ha and crabgrass 17.5kg/ha on 17 April 1976 in the forage experimental field of Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea, and were cut three times from 6 July to 4 October 1976.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.421-428
• /
• 2011

This study evaluated cholineresterase inhibitory activity of Korean white ginseng extract (WGE), red ginseng extract (RGE), and black ginseng extract (BGE) and the cholinergic effect on scopolamine (SCOP)-induced amnesic mice. WGE, RGE, and BGE inhibited acetylcholineserase (AChE), as well as butyrylcholineserase (BuChE) in a concentration-dependent manner. BGE presented strong inhibition of AChE with an $IC_{50}$ value of 1.72 mg/mL, followed by WGE (5.89 mg/mL), RGE (6.30 mg/mL), respectively. The inhibitory activity of the three ginseng extracts on BuChE showed similar values among the groups. To better understand the mechanisms of the possible effect of ginseng extract on the cholinergic function, this study assessed the expression of the cholinergic markers of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and AChE using western blot and RT-PCR analysis in the brains of amnesic mice. Treatment with ginseng extracts led to inhibition of AChE expression and, the activation of ChAT expression in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex of amnesic mice as induced by SCOP. The results suggest that ginseng extracts including BGE, appear to modulate the metabolism of acetylchoine (ACh), which would greatly increase synaptic ACh levels and most potently revert SCOP-induced amnesia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.81-85
• /
• 2011

The night time electric cost is cheaper due to electric supply and demand policy in Korea from 1985. Currently about 900,000 customers are using night time electric heating boilers and this causes shift of peak demand time to night in winter and increase of deficit spending. To solve this problem, replacing night time electric heating boiler by air-source heat pump using night time electricity has been proposed. An air-source heat pump can provide efficient heating equipment especially in a warm climate. For estimating the night time electric heat pump COP(Coefficient of Performance), Korean Standard KS C 9306:2010 and European Standard EN-14511:2004 is available. SCOP(Seasonal COP) using European weather bin data is also calculated. SCOP is not available yet but European Committee for Standardization will establish a standard in the near future. The evaluation result show that the replacing night time electric heating boiler by heat pump can be possible.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.17-20
• /
• 1977

Several fungi were collected at Mt. Sobaek, Andong and Euisung the period from 1974 to 1976. These fungi were identified and results are as followingj Lipophyllum fallax (Peck.) $K{\ddot{u}}hn$ et Romagn. Armillariella tabescens (Scop. ex Fr.) Sing., Crepidotus subphaerosporus (Lange) $K{\ddot{u}}hn$. et Romagn., Stereum hiugense Imaz., Coprinus radians (Desm.) Fr., Hygrophorus suzukaensis Hongo and Xylaria carpophila (Pers.) Fr. were listed newly by authors in Korea.