• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.19
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• pp.3-55
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• 2009

Records of architectural cultural properties, in case of accidents, show who are to blame, present what evidences are to establish the cause, and also are used for checking if there were any problem in policies and regulations in preserving and caring architectural cultural properties. These records are of great importance in their roles and are of essential use regardless of time and space. Considering its significance, In that architectural cultural properties requires setting clear goals and directions and as well, criteria, for management, we need methods of systematical control and consideration for its characteristics. This research started with the sense of purpose that managing architectural cultural properties are in need of systematic and concrete control, based on the perception that they need protecting and transmitting. The goal of this thesis is to work on the current archiving status of architectural cultural properties by monitoring patterns and processes in archival administration, to diagnose problems by looking into the records creation and management, and to present the improvement plan which would lead to the architectural cultural properties' more efficient management and better use in the future. The management of architectural cultural properties begins with registering and assigning. Cultural Heritage Administration is in charge of control, supervision, and budget and local governments deal with direct management. Accordingly, records are by the hands of each local governmental body. Currently, each cultural property has its management depending on every different working environment in each governmental body. Architectural cultural properties needs managing in one body through the synthetic and unified, concrete and systematic manual and guide for management. Archiving architectural cultural properties have need of unitive management through a professional system, considering the physical characteristics and history of archiving. Unified management system will enhance efficiency and actual use of architectural cultural property records if one governmental body undertakes uniting records through standardization and professional supervision, and data-based unified search engine would enhance efficiency and actual use. Therefore, I suggest that Archives for Architectural Cultural Properties should be established as a professional Archives and wholly responsible body for the purpose of systematically and unifiedly managing architectural cultural property records with professional personnel and facility and transmitting their historical, cultural, and academic value. In Korea, studies up to the present have mainly focused on managing architectural records and records of drawing while few efforts were made to directly deal with managing architectural cultural properties themselves. The focus of this thesis is to study the current status and establish problems of the management of architectural cultural properties in administrative process, and as a result, to propose to establish Archives for Architectural Cultural Properties as a professional archives.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.208-241
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• 2010

This study was conducted to examine the chronology of Taesil Seokham(Taesil Stone Boxes) stored in Taesil of the Joseon Palace and classify the styles to discuss how these boxes have developed. By doing so, this study defined the archaeological styles of taesil seokhams in the chronological order. Although taesil seokhams are placed when taesil are first created, they do not have any texts engraved on them and it is difficult to gain information only from examining taesil seokham. However, Taejiseok(memorial stones buried in Taesil) and Agibi(gravestones buried in Taesil) were created along with taesil. These resources were examined and compared with literature records to find when each taesil seokhams was created. The critical elements to consider for the chronological arrangement were both the cover and container of the boxes and the transition of their style could be classified into four major stages. In detail, the Joseon Dynasty's taesil seokhams initially inherited the style of the Goryeo Dynasty to be formed into rectangular boxes. Through the transition of the mid and late 15th Century, the semi-circular cover with cylindrical container became the popular style in the late 15th Century. In the late 16th Century, the style of the previous period was further developed to add some decorative elements, such as projecting ornaments, but the ornaments were added for functional purposes rather than artistic purposes. However, the style went back to the semi-circular cover with cylindrical container in the early 17th Century. From the mid 17th Century, various styles appeared with ornaments only on the cover, cone-shaped cover with no ornament, or mortar-like container. However, a new style of cone-shaped cover with ornament emerged between the early and mid 18th Century and continued to stay until the mid 18th Century. In the mid 18th Century, the cover remained unchanged, but the container became a keyhole-shaped space with one side forming a "ㄷ" shape. However, in the late 18th Century, the most typical style of the semi-circular cover with cylindrical container reappeared to show that this is the most universal style. Last, in the mid 19th Century, the cover changed from semi-circular to rectangular with flat top. After this, the taesil seokhams began to disappear. In terms of style, it can be classified into four stages. In the early Joseon Dynasty, the taesil seokhams were underdeveloped and inherited the style of the Goryeo Dynasty (Stage I; 1401~mid-15C), but Joseon's unique style began to develop from the late 15th Century (Stage II; 1477~1641). After that, partial ornaments were added for adornment (Stage III; 1660~1754), but the typical style reappeared in the late 18th Century to finally degrade in the late Joseon Dynasty of the mid 19th Century (Stage IV; 1790~1874). This arrangement of style and chronology would greatly help archaeologists anticipate the time and owner of taesil seokhams even if only taesil seokhams are discovered without any records. * Tae(胎) : Placenta and umbilical cord * Taesil(胎室) : A facility(chamber) of burying Tae(胎) in rite when royal descendants are born.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.100-119
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• 2021

This paper has been written to verify the existing theory that districts occurred independently in various parts of the world, including the Korean Peninsula. Song Giho (2006) claims that the origin of the Gudle, is an example of polygenism that occurred in various areas in the world, including the Korean peninsula. This argument has been corroborated by a large number of researchers. However, it is difficult to understand the lineage of Gudle and its process of development, if a theory of polygenism is continued to be taken into account. The place which is targetet by this theory is the North-West area of the Korean peninsula, south of Primorsky Krai, and in the northern area of Zabaikal-Mongolia. This means that these areas developed independently because they were far from each other and had no direct cultural relationship. However, the structure of Gudle, shape, and assemblages of earthenware it cannot be explained by polygenism, as they are the same in every place. Furthermore, it is also questionable as to the timing and region of emergence of the culture in East Asia over a limited time frame of 3-2 BC. Gudle are formed by furnaces with roofs and walls, Gorae, which saves heat, and it has smoke ventilation that draws smoke out. Therefore, the Gudle is not a structure that anyone can make without advanced technical understanding. So far, the only facility with furnaces and smoke ventilation that appear before the Gudle is Buttumak. Thus, the Gudle is likely to have been invented in the place where Buttumak were used. The area as known for the origin of Gudle was observed to verify the existence of the Buttumak's structure, but none of these facilities were found. The Gudle suddenly appeared within a new culture that had never existed before. That means that none of the three places had the conditions under which the Gudle could be invented, so it must have been introduced from outside. In conclusion, the three places that I mentioned above are not the origin of Gudle. So, the origin of Gudle has to be found elsewhere.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.24-37
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• 2021

This study was conducted to newly examine the original landscape of Buyongjeong(芙蓉亭) and Juhamnu(宙合樓) areas in Changdeokgung Palace(昌德宮), focusing on the modern period including the Korean Empire, and to derive useful research results for restoration and maintenance in the future. The study results can be summarized as follows. First, the artificial island in Buyongji(芙蓉池) was originally made up of a straight layer using well-trimmed processed stone. However, during the maintenance work in the 1960s and 1970s, the artificial island in Buyongji was transformed into a mixture of natural and processed stones. The handrail installed on the upper part of the artificial island in Buyongji is a unique facility that is hard to find similar cases. The handrail existed even during the Korean Empire, but was completely destroyed during the Japanese colonial period. Second, Chwibyeong(翠屛), which is currently located on the left and right of Eosumun(魚水門), is the result of a reproduction based on Northern bamboo in 2008. Although there is a view that sees the plant material of Eosumun Chwibyeong as Rigid-branch yew, the specific species is still vague. Looking at the related data and circumstances from various angles, at least in the modern era, it is highly probable that the Eosumun Chwibyeong was made of Chinese juniper like Donggwanwangmyo Shrine(東關王廟) and Guncheongung(乾淸宮) in Gyeongbokgung Palace(景福宮). Third, the backyard of Juhamnu was a space with no dense trees on top of a stone staircase-shaped structure. The stone stairway in the backyard of Juhamnu was maintained in a relatively open form, and it also functioned as a space to pass through the surrounding buildings. However, as large-scale planting work was carried out in the late 1980s, the backyard of Juhamnu was maintained in the same shape as a Terraced Flower Bed, and it was transformed into a closed space where many flowering plants were planted. Fourth, Yeonghwadang Namhaenggak(暎花堂 南行閣), which had a library function like Gyujanggak(奎章閣) and Gaeyuwa(皆有窩), was destroyed in the late 1900s and was difficult to understand in its original form. Based on modern photographs and sketch materials, this study confirmed the arrangement axis of Yeonghwadang Namhaenggak, and confirmed the shape and design features of the building. In addition, an estimated restoration map referring to 「Donggwoldo(東闕圖)」 and 「Donggwoldohyung(東闕圓形)」 was presented for the construction of basic data.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.281-304
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• 2022

Heungdeokjeon was the first pavilion built on the site of Sueocheong during the expansion of Gyeongungung. In this study, we tried to clarify the specific construction process of Heungdeokjeon, which was used for various purposes such as the copy location for Portraits of ancestors, temporary enshrinement site, and the funeral building for the rest of the body, which is Binjeon. In addition, we tried to confirm the historical value based on the characteristics derived by the history of the building and the rituals performed. Heungdeokjeon began to be built in the second half of 1899, and is estimated to have been completed between mid-February and mid-March 1900. It was a ritual facility equipped with waiting rooms for the emperor and royal ladies as an annex. The relocation work was planned in April 1901 and began in earnest after June, and it was closely linked to the construction of attached buildings of Seonwonjeon. In addition, comparing the records on the construction and relocation cost of Heungdeokjeon with those related to the reconstruction of Seonwonjeon, it was confirmed that annex buildings of Heungdeokjeon were relocated and used as annex buildings of Seonwonjeon. The characteristics identified in the process of Heungdeokjeon used as a place to copy portraits are as follows. First, it was used as a place to copy portraits twice in a short period of time. Second, it was the place where the first unprecedented works were carried out in relation to the copying of portraits. Third, the pavilion, which was specially built for imperial rituals, was used as a place to copy portraits. Since then, it has been used as a funeral building for the rest of the body, and features different from those of the previous period are identified. It was the building dedicated to rituals for use as Binjeon, and was also a multipurpose building for copying portraits. In other words, Heungdeokjeon, along with Gyeongbokgung Taewonjeon, is the building that shows the changes in the operation of Binjeon in the late Joseon Dynasty. Characteristics are also confirmed in portrait-related rituals performed at Heungdeokjeon. The first is that Jakheonlye was practiced frequently in a short period of time. The second is that the ancestral rites of Sokjeolje and Bunhyang in Sakmangil, which are mainly held in the provincial Jinjeon, were identified. This is a very rare case in Jinjeon of the palace. The last is that Jeonbae, jeonal, and Bongsim were implemented mutiple times. In conclusion, Heungdeokjeon can be said to be a very symbolic building that shows the intention of Gojong, who valued imperial rituals, and the characteristics of the reconstruction process of Gyeongungung.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.51-62
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to verify whether the quality of service provided by culture and arts education has a bearing on the service value of dance education, and to verify the role of the intention of reuse of culture and arts education participants in this relationship. The survey was conducted from October 1, 2019 to December 30, 2019, and a sample was collected from stratified sampling methods for the general public participating in culture and arts education. In order to verify the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, multiple regression analysis was performed, and the role of the parameter in the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable was examined using the three-step intermediary regression analysis. The research results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the relationship between the sub-factors of service quality and emotional value, it was found that facilities and environmental services had the greatest impact. Second, the results of analyzing the relationship between the sub-factors of service quality and functional value showed that the most significant impact was on facilities and environmental services. Third, as a result of analyzing the relationship between the sub-factors of service quality and social values, it was found that facilities and environmental services had the greatest impact. Fourth, In the relationship between contents and instructor service and service value, the intention to reuse was found to have a full mediating effect. In addition, in the relationship between facility and environmental services and service value, the intention to reuse was found to have a partial mediating effect. Based on the quality of service of culture and arts education, this study suggested a way for dance education to work with the region.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

This study is a case study to identify the spatial composition and structural problems of existing schools for spatial innovation as a future school that can operate a credit system for old high schools and establish a mid-to-long-term arrangement plan as a credit system operating school capable of various teaching and learning in the future. The study results are as follows: First, most of the problems of the old high schools entailed that there was very poor connectivity between buildings as most of them were arranged in a single, standard design-type unit building and distributed in multiple buildings. In addition, the floor plan of each building is suggested to be a structure in which student exchange and rest functions cannot be achieved during the break period due to the spatial composition of the classroom and hallway concepts. Second, in the direction of the high school space configuration for future school space innovation, the arrangement plan should be established by reflecting the collective arrangement in consideration of the shortening of the movement route and the expansion of subject areas due to the movement of students on the premise of the subject classroom system. Moreover, it is desirable to provide a square-type space for rest and exchange in the central area where communication and exchange are possible according to the moving class. Third, as the evaluation criteria for relocating old high schools, a space program is prepared based on the number of classes in the future, and legal analysis of school land use and land use efficiency analysis considering regional characteristics are conducted. Based on such analysis data, mid-to-long-term land use plans and space arrangement plans for the entire school space such as the school facility complex are established.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-66
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• 2023

This study reviews prior studies on the residential environment characteristics, residential satisfaction, residential ownership consciousness and housing movement of MZ generation and analyze the structural equation models using the 2020 Korea Housing Survey data. Using 14 residential characteristics based on three classifications, we explore the effects on residential satisfaction, residential ownership consciousness, and housing movement. The empirical results are summarized as follows. First, based on factor analysis with Varimax of principal component analysis, parking facility items were excluded from the analysis by hindering validity, and as a result, KMO was 0.925 and Bartlett's test result showed a significant probability of less than 0.01. This indicates that the factor analysis model was suitable. Second, the results of the structural equation analysis for the MZ generation show that the surrounding environment, which is a potential variable of the residential environment characteristics, was statistically significant, but the accessibility and convenience were not statistically significant. Third, we find that the higher the satisfaction with the accessibility of commercial facilities, the more significant the sense of housing ownership appears. This suggests that the younger generation such as the MZ generation has a stronger desire for consumption. Fourth, the overall housing satisfaction of the MZ generation was significant for housing movement, but not for housing ownership. Compared to the industrialized generation, the baby boom generation, and the X generation, MZ generation shows distinct factors for housing satisfaction, housing ownership, and housing movement. Therefore, the residential environment characteristics of the residential survey should be improved and supplemented following the trend of the times. In addition, the government and local governments should prioritize actively participating in the housing market that suits the environment and characteristics of the target generation. Finally, our study provides implications regarding the need for housing-related research on how differ in special temporal situations such as COVID-19 in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.477-490
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• 2022

Serious Accident Punishment Act(SAPA) went into effect as of Jan. 27, 2022. The subject of study was the worker of the nuclear medicine department and the investigation was aimed at identifying the present situation of their understanding on the issue in the here and now, which can be utilized as basic research for further study. The survey was conducted on 51 people of the worker in the nuclear medicine department. The general factors were classified by their gender, the scale of the hospitals, the period of career, and the detailed occupational categories. The conclusion was drawn, including 1 missing data in gender and 2 in the type of occupation. The targeted hospitals were tertiary hospital, university hospital, and general hospital which have nuclear medicine department in. The period of subjects' career was categorized by less than 3 years, 3 to 5 years, 5 to 10 years, and more than 10 years. The specific occupation was classified by in-vivo radiological technologist, radiation safety manager and others. The amount of pressure that the job entails was highest in the category of general hospital, the period of 3 to 5 years of job experience, and radiation safety manager each. The system of the code was well constructed in the category of general hospital, the period of less than 3-year career, and radiation safety manager, as they responded. The blood transmissible disease had the largest number of outbreak of accidents related to the serious industrial accident. In addition, the radiopharmaceutical dosing error had the highest number of outbreak of accidents related to the serious civil accident. Therefore, we need to improve SAPA, facility inspection, security of budget, security of professional manpower. It will help the stable use of radiation and ensure patient safety.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

This study aims to assess the current understanding of the landscape of wind power facilities as renewable energy sources that supply sightseeing, tourism, and other opportunities. Therefore, social media data related to the landscape of wind power facilities experienced by visitors from different regions was analyzed. The analysis results showed that the common characteristics of the landscape of wind power facilities are based on the scale of wind power facilities, the distance between overlook points of wind power facilities, the visual openness of the wind power facilities from the overlook points, and the terrain where the wind power facilities are located. In addition, the preference for wind power facilities is higher in places where the shape of wind power facilities and the surrounding landscape can be clearly seen- flat ground or the sea are considered better landscapes. Negative keywords about the landscape appear on Gade Mountain in Taibai, Meifeng Mountain in Taibai, Taiqi Mountain, and Gyeongju Wind Power Generation Facilities on Gyeongshang Road in Gangwon. The keyword 'negation' occurs when looking at wind power facilities at close range. Because of the high angle of the view, viewers can feel overwhelmed seeing the size of the facility and the ridge simultaneously, feeling psychological pressure. On the contrary, positive landscape adjectives are obtained from wind power facilities on flat ground or the sea. Visitors think that the visual volume of the landscape is fully ensured on flat ground or the sea, and it is a symbolic element that can represent the site. This study analyzes landscape awareness based on the opinions of visitors who have experienced wind power facilities. However, wind power facilities are built in different areas. Therefore, landscape characteristics are different, and there are many variables, such as viewpoints and observers, so the research results are difficult to popularize and have limitations. In recent years, landscape damage due to the construction of wind power facilities has become a hot issue, and the domestic methods of landscape evaluation of wind power facilities are unsatisfactory. Therefore, when evaluating the landscape of wind power facilities, the scale of wind power facilities, the inherent natural characteristics of the area where wind power facilities are set up, and the distance between wind power facilities and overlook points are important elements to consider. In addition, wind power facilities are set in the natural environment, which needs to be protected. Therefore, from the landscape perspective, it is necessary to study the landscape of wind power facilities and the surrounding environment.