• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

Purpose - This paper analyzes the effect of the handset subsidy and the Mobile Number Portability subscriber subsidy regulation, which are the main regulation adopted in "Law on the Improvement of the Mobile Terminal Distribution System" (Mobile Terminal Distribution Act), on the social surplus, the consumer surplus and profits of telecommunications carriers. We focus our analysis on whether the service charge competition is stimulated enough so that it can compensate for the loss of subsidies. Research design, data, and methodology - We use simple economic model to assess the impact of the handset subsidy and the Mobile Number Portability subscriber subsidy regulation. Unlike the former researches on this topic, we depart from using Hotelling model, and instead use the switching cost model, which uses switching cost as a parameter of market powers of telecommunications carriers. We also study the effect of the two different regulations when they are adopted both independently and concurrently. Results - If the market powers of telecommunications carriers are over certain threshold, contrary to the regulatory agency's assertion, the service charge competition would not be stimulated enough to compensate for the deduction in the subsidies, and thus the consumer surplus is compromised. Number Portability subsidy, especially, undermines the rival's market power and thus reduces the service charge. On the other hand, the regulations will also increase the profits of telecommunications carriers. However, social surplus is maximized when both of the regulations are present because the regulations reduces the frequency of switching handsets inefficiently. Conclusions - In enacting the Mobile Terminal Distribution Act, the telecommunications regulatory agency asserted that the regulation on subsidies will stimulate service charge competition, and in the long run, enhance the consumer surplus. However, contrary to the regulatory agency's assertion, subsidy regulation, especially the regulation on Number Portability subsidy, reduces consumer surplus. On the other hand, the Mobile Terminal Distribution Act can also increase the profits of telecommunications carriers because it decreases competition among the telecommunications carriers. However, the Mobile Terminal Distribution Act can increase the social surplus because it reduces inefficient switching of handsets.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1405-1414
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• 2011

This paper analyzes the impact of the change in telecommunication regulation on network investment such as the integration of telecommunication service. The integration of telecommunication service plays a role of separating the behavior regulation from entrance regulation and reducing a entrance constraints. Therefore, it is expected that the market spill over effect is high through the improvement of behavior regulation such as interconnection regulation, facilities provisions, retail price regulation, bundling, number portability of VoIP. This paper discusses the critical factor affecting the decision making process in respect of the firm level and analyzes the impact path guiding investment and innovation. Finally, the paper proposes the guideline for telecommunications policy.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.53-71
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• 2005

In the short view, the medical fee regulation has contributed for patients by reducing their hospital expenses and helping them to visit hospital more easily. But, some medical parts have gone into red ink because the medical fee has been different with each item. So, that medical parts have been experienced the medical specialist shortage. And some hospitals have been interested in high-priced medical services to cover their deficit. Moreover, most medical doctors don't need to use low-priced medicine undergo these circumstance, domestic small and medium pharmaceutical company has been going into bankruptcy and the dependence on foreign drug company has been rising. If these abnormal medical service keep to patience, people will get more burden of medical fee cause 9 casual loop work very complicated. In other words, present medical fee regulation were made by some politicians who had plain thinking. Those who govern the people, therefore, stand for not present medical service user but the welfare and health promotion of people and give attention to desirable medical fee with systems thinking.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.149-159
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to determine a method to reduce stress in clinical practice by identifying how the empathy and self-regulation capacities of paramedic students influence their stress levels. Methods: Selected articles were statistically analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Data on 172 3rd-year and 4th-year paramedic students in Daejeon were used. The subject's general characteristics (sex, university education, the number of the medical training center, work type, satisfaction with college life, and satisfaction with their major) were analyzed according to empathy and self-regulation ability by t-test and ANOVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for the correlation of empathy, self-regulation ability, and clinical practice stress. Hierarchical regression was used for factors influencing clinical practice. Results: Clinical practice stress levels were significantly different between general characteristics of sex (t=3.002, p=0.003), university education (t=2.815, p=0.006), the number of the medical training center (t=-2.998, p=0.003), work type (t=-2.998, p=0.003), satisfaction with college life (t=5.280, p=0.000), and satisfaction with major (t=5.132, p=0.000). Empathy (r=-.520, p<.001) and self-regulation ability (r=-.330, p<.001) significantly negatively correlated with major variables, and the major factor influencing clinical practice stress levels was empathy. Conclusion: Extension of education and various experiences for improving empathy and developing management programs should be performed to decrease clinical practice stress on paramedic students.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2014

Since smartphone market got matured, market size and penetration rate are decreased. But smartphone is still one of most important daily commodities today. These days, most important issue about smartphone is the government regulation of subsidies. Therefore how smartphone subsidies marketing and government regulation affect purchasing intention and furthermore advise on government policy is the purpose of this research. In terms of characteristic of smartphone, this research analysed functional characteristic, service characteristic, and economical characteristic studied previously. And also studied about how government regulation affects purchasing intention on the group agrees regulation. As a result, functionality, price and converting cost has significant relationship with purchase intention, but government regulation on subsidies doesn't.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.10B
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• pp.929-935
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• 2006

When the Internet phone service, generally PC-to-Phone, first entered into the telecommunications service market, no regulatory issues were arisen to manage the service within the regulatory framework because of it's low quality, no phone number assignment and etc. However, almost the same quality, more applications and cheaper price compared with the fixed telecommunications service, have changed the regulator's policy allowing Internet phone service within market mechanism. While incumbent fixed telecommunications service enterprises had given with tremendous duties to continue the job categorized 'facilities-based telecommunication service provider', and which can be unreasonable and unfair if Internet phone service enterprises are allowed to enter into the fixed telecommunications market without any regulation. Thus, new regulatory framework has worked for the Internet phone service named the VoIP service generally in the fixed telecommunications market. Recently, VoIP is provided not only in the fixed telecommunications market but also in the mobile market as Wi-Fi phone is feasible in the wireless LAN environment. Furthermore, bundled service of Wi-Fi and cellular phone service will be launched soon, and the next version will be the mobile VoIP service operating like a cellular phone service. Hence, we will meet similar situation when the VoIP sewice enters into the fixed telecommunications service market. And, in this paper, we prospect the regulatory issues arising when the wireless or mobile VoIP service enterprises enter the mobile market, by analyzing possible scenarios.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.469-482
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• 2019

This paper analyzes the effects of government support systems, regulation, and innovation promotion policy on technological innovation performance of companies in the service industry using 4,000 Korean service industry companies. Multiple and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between the individual factors and process innovation and product innovation. Government support, regulation and technology innovation in the service industry were tested. In addition, government innovation promotion policy includes government support and regulation and the technological innovation performance of service firms. As a result, the government support system affects both the process innovation and the product innovation performance in the service industry, but affects only the process innovation performance in the case of regulation. Innovation promotion policy was found to regulate the relationship between government support systems and regulation and innovation performance of the service industry. Therefore, these findings provide strategic implications for the management of enterprises in relation to government support systems and innovation policy. It is necessary to reorganize regulations that are outdated to improve the effect of innovation policies on innovation performance.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.69-74
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• 2022

The main purpose of the study is to determine the features of state regulation of the hotel and restaurant business in the digital economy. Particularly relevant are the processes of digitalization of the service sector. Trade and transport companies, enterprises in the hotel and restaurant industry, catering got the opportunity to expand the target audience, improve the quality of service, develop at an accelerated pace, take into account that in the global digital economy, victory will go to those whose arsenal will involve a large number of high-quality digital platforms. As a result of the study, key aspects of state regulation of the hotel and restaurant business in the digital economy were identified.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.119-128
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• 2020

In this research, a survey was done on two hundred and forty-six elders who receive care through LTC to verify the effect of market attributes on the user satisfaction of the Long-therm Care Service. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS 23.0 statistics program. This study reveals the following results: First, in service tangibility, competitiveness, administrative regulation, organizational process, and autonomy in choice all have a positive relation with user satisfaction. Second, in the aspect of credibility, house ownership, competitiveness, administrative regulation, and freedom in choice show a positive-relation with user satisfaction. Third, in responsiveness, the scale of the organization, monthly income, competitiveness, administrative regulation, organizational process, and autonomy in choice have a positive effect on user satisfaction. Forth, in assurance ability, monthly income, competitiveness, administrative regulation, organizational process, and autonomy in choice also positively affected user satisfaction. Lastly, in the aspect of perceptual openness, competitiveness, administrative regulation, organizational culture, organizational process, and autonomy in choice show a positive relationship with user satisfaction.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.202-213
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• 2006

This paper presents a new approach for optimal dispatch of energy and frequency regulation reserve considering contingency in a competitive electricity market. It is necessary to introduce the reserve market with the spot energy market for operating efficiently and obtaining the security of the electricity market. However, the reserve market is closely connected with the energy market since the energy and reserve are produced from the same resources. Thus, it is inevitable to co-optimize the energy and ancillary service for efficient operation of energy and ancillary service market. Therefore, this paper proposes a new method for optimal dispatch of energy and frequency regulation reserve considering n-1 contingency of generator and transmission line using constraints and sensitivity based on AC power flow To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the numerical studies have been performed for 5-bus sample system and modified IEEE 14-bus system.