• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.396-409
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• 2006

In this paper, first I try to sketch the changing Japanese labor market after 1990s, and then examine the so-called "Job $Caf{\acute{e}}$ program" in detail, which was initiated in 2004 by central and local governments to help young people fine suitable jobs, and finally investigate the possible direction for future labor policy as an important tool for revitalize the local economy. Latter half of 1990s witnessed the high unemployment rate among the population aged twenties in Japan, and the number of 'shinsotsu-mugyo', i.e. population not at work after completing high school or university, NEET (not in employment, education or training) and 'freeters' have grown rapidly. "Job $Caf{\acute{e}}$ program" was initiated as a public response to the increased youth unemployment, aiming at assisting young people's transition from education to career. In the Job $Caf{\acute{e}}$ program, job information service by MHLW, information service for high school students and university students by MEXT, placement service of career internship by METI are integrated into one service, and are provided by local government initiative, therefore named as "one stop service of employment". Although it is highly appreciated for one stop service, the Job cafe program has criticized for paying too much attention to the performance of projects, such as the number of users, and the number of successful job matching. At the final section of the paper, more practical spatial unit for executing effective regional plan on local employment and more empirical research on job search behavior are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.170-177
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• 2017

The price of land in Jeju is reaching a new high every day and this phenomenon not only causes real difficulties for the purchase of real estate by local residents, but also results in psychological deprivation. Therefore, this study analyzes the factors causing the increase of the land price in Jeju, in order to examine the measures required to stabilize the land price which is continuously rising. As a result of this study, we developed a land price prediction model including seven variables, including the 'inflation rate', 'interest rate', and 'population'. According to the model, land prices in Jeju are expected to rise steadily, and it is predicted that in 2020 the price will increase to 170% of that in 2015 and will triple by 2025. Based on the results of this study, this study suggested policy alternatives, such as 'Establishing a tourism policy for managing the number of tourists' and 'increasing the approval standards for development activities'. The two policies proposed in this study can be implemented as a regional initiative, which may be less effective than the changes in the national system, but it is meaningful that the efforts to stabilize the land price will continue at the regional level.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.278-290
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• 2005

This study deals with the geomorphic, environmental and land use changes by comparative analysis using Landsat TM images of 1988 year and ETM ones of 2002 year, partly together with the new Quick Bird images having 60cm resolution for more detail analysis, focusing on the Oncheon gun(county) in Pyeongnam Province, west coast zone of North Korea. The main analysis methodology is neural network classification, which is more advanced techniques for the classification of land cover and land use, with higher accuracy rate and lower errors. The TM images of 1988 year show, mainly, the on-construction tide embank for the reclamation at Gwangryangman bay and salt farm on the reclaimed tidal flat. But, ETM images of 2002 year present stabilized reclaimed land, salt farm and rice field, recently transformed from salt farm. Especially, new tidal land has been naturally developed on the coastal shallow out of tide embank and salt farm. The results of the study may help to database coastal environmental changes and to support for reasonable and productive land use of North Korea, and to manage and plan unified national land in the near future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.1017-1028
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to develop an Integrated Water Resources Evaluation Index (IWREI) which can used to assess the performance of water resources projects in a regional perspective focusing on three major sectors including water use, flood, and river environment in water resources policies. The IWREI is estimated by integrating the Water Use Vulnerability Index (WUVI), the Flood Vulnerability Index (FVI), and the River Environment Vulnerability Index (REVI) which represent the vulnerability in each sector. These indices consist of total 26 indicators selected from the pressure indicators representing the causes of damages in water use, flood, and river environment, the state indicators and the response indicators. The estimated index describes the vulnerability and effectiveness of policies with five levels: Low, Medium Low, Medium, Medium High, and High. The results of evaluating total 115 hydrological units in Korea using the WUVI, FVI, REVI, and IWREI indicate that the project effectiveness in water resources policies is clearly verified by the improved index results compared to the past (early 1990s). Regional vulnerability and evaluation indices developed in this research could be used to establish goals of water resources policy and to select priority regions for project implementation.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2020

The study aims to measure and analysis the spatial equity of Medical welfare facilities for older persons and services, and, based on this, to seek the plan to secure the fairness. To this end, the research was carried out by converging the studies of geography and regional development for the equity of social welfare studies and space arrangement on types and functions of Medical welfare facilities for older persons. The main results of the study showed that, first, in case of the spatial arrangement(desire-to-service), Medical welfare facilities for older persons are located in all areas of cities(Si) and counties(Gun) but mostly existing in cities. Second, in case of the equity of regional distribution of Medical welfare facilities for older persons, it can say the equity in Gun is higher than Si, comparing the regions of Si and Gun. Third, in case of spatial equity of sanatorium for older persons, the spatial equity of care facilities for older persons showed statistical difference depending on the time required to reach the facility, but no difference on distance. This study made various suggestions based on the results of the above research, and suggested the necessity of convergence studies grafting technologies such as AI and the Internet of Things.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.77-100
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• 2022

In the era of low growth, many provincial cities are experiencing population decline and aging. Population decline phenomena such as reduction of productive manpower, reduction of finances, deterioration of quality of life, and collapse of the community base are occurring in a chain and are being pushed to the brink of extinction of the cities. This study aims to propose a methodology to objectively estimate the employment creation centers and setting the basic unit of industrial-centered zoning by applying spatial statistical techniques and GIS for the application of the compact city plan as an efficient spatial management policy in a city with a declining population. In details, based on reviewing previous studies on compact city, 'employment complex index(ECI)' were defined considering the number of workers, the number of settlers, and the area of development land, the employment creation center was estimated by applying the 'Local Moran's I' and 'Getis-Ord's Hot-Spot Analysis'. As a case study, changes in the four years of 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 were compared and analyzed for Changwon City. As a result, it was confirmed that the employment creation center is becoming compacted and polycentric, which is a significant result that reflects the actual situation well. This results provide the basic data for functional and institutional territorial governance for the regional revitalization platform, and provide meaningful information necessary for spatial policy decision-making, such as population reduction, regional gross domestic product, and public facility arrangement that can respond to energy savings, transportation plans, and medical and health plans.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.267-278
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• 2022

Recently Flood damage volume has increased as heavy rain has frequently occurred. Especially urban areas are a vulnerability to flooding damage because of densely concentrated population and property. A local government is preparing to mitigate flood damage through the heavy rain warning issued by Korea Meteorological Administration. This warning classification is identical for a national scale. However, Seoul has 25 administrative districts with different regional characteristics such as climate, topography, disaster prevention state, and flood damage severity. This study considered the regional characteristics of 25 administrative districts to analyze the flood vulnerability using entropy weight and Euclidean distance. The rainfall classification was derived based on probability rainfall and flood damage rainfall that occurred in the past. The result shows the step 2 and step 4 of rainfall classification was not significantly different from the heavy rain classification of the Korea Meteorological Administration. The flood vulnerability is high with high climate exposure and low adaptability to climate change, and the rainfall classification is low in the northern region of Seoul. It is possible to preemptively respond to floods in the northern region of Seoul based on relatively low rainfall classification. In the future, we plan to review the applicability of rainfall forecast data using the rainfall classification of results from this study. These results will contribute to research for preemptive flood response measures.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.165-185
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• 2011

Transshipment traffic has significant meanings because it gives positive effects on increasing the container handling volumes in seaports, and revitalizes the regional and national development. Korean container port's transshipment traffic volumes, however, will slowly decrease due to the direct ships' calling into Chinese ports, which recently has a huge development plan. There are a lot of stress on forecasting the transshipment traffic volumes because the Korean container port development plans are designed based on this container traffic which consists of import and export traffic, and transshipment traffic. The transshipment traffic volumes are assumed to occupy 40% of total container traffic volumes. Despite of the importance of forecasting the transshipment traffic, a little studies are suggested using the concepts of the port competitiveness. In this respect, this study aims to estimate the Port Competitiveness Index and Transshipment traffic Volumes using the System Dynamics methodology. As a result, transshipment traffic volumes are predicted as: 20 million TEUs in Korea under the 4% annual increasing rates, 90 million TEUs in China under the 6% annual increasing rates, and 2.5 million TEUs in Japan under the 1% annual increasing rates respectively. The suggested results can be used to enhance the container port competitiveness and produce more transshipment traffic volumes.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.629-637
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• 2022

It is at risk of depletion of biodiversity due to indiscriminate overfishing of ecosystems and destruction of habitats. Intensive fertilizers or development of related facilities to increase agricultural production in poor indigenous areas devastate the soil. Preservation of biodiversity is now emerging as an important issue of global human coexistence. After the Post-2020 GBF Declaration, all governance in agricultural development in indigenous agricultural areas should be supported and promoted as biodiversity conservation measures. A compromise plan to reduce ecosystem development and biodiversity loss can help establish public governance policies. In this paper, a viability kernel used for viable control feedback analysis is introduced to solve conflicting economic and ecological problems in ecosystem conservation, and a mathematical model on biodiversity conservation by the viability kernel is examined. Because all species in the ecosystem are interdependent, if the balance is broken, biodiversity is depleted, which is irreversible and eventually leads to extinction. For sustainable use and harmony of biological resources, a lot of policy consideration is required, such as creative governance that can efficiently protect all species. Subsidies or tax incentives have a direct impact on biodiversity conservation. The recovery of species in a state of decreasing biodiversity can be said to be of great economic value. Biodiversity will allow indigenous producers to be proud of their unique traditional knowledge and have a positive impact on local tourism, thereby enhancing regional identity and greatly contributing to the survival and prosperity of mankind.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.149-169
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• 2020

"The Urban Renewal New Deal project", one of the government's major national projects, is about developing underdeveloped areas by investing 50 trillion won in 100 locations on the first year and 500 over the next four years. This project is drawing keen attention from the media and local governments. However, the project model which fails to reflect the original characteristics of the area as it divides project area into five categories: "Our Neighborhood Restoration, Housing Maintenance Support Type, General Neighborhood Type, Central Urban Type, and Economic Base Type," According to keywords for successful urban regeneration in Korea, "resident participation," "regional specialization," "ministerial cooperation" and "public-private cooperation", when local governments propose urban regeneration projects to the government, they can see that it is most important to accurately understand the characteristics of the city and push ahead with the projects in a way that suits the characteristics of the city with the help of local residents and private companies. In addition, considering the gentrification problem, which is one of the side effects of urban regeneration projects, it is important to select and implement urban regeneration types suitable for the characteristics of the area. In order to supplement the limitations of the 'Urban Regeneration New Deal Project' methodology, this study aims to propose a system that recommends urban regeneration types suitable for urban regeneration sites by utilizing various machine learning algorithms, referring to the urban regeneration types of the '2025 Seoul Metropolitan Government Urban Regeneration Strategy Plan' promoted based on regional characteristics. There are four types of urban regeneration in Seoul: "Low-use Low-Level Development, Abandonment, Deteriorated Housing, and Specialization of Historical and Cultural Resources" (Shon and Park, 2017). In order to identify regional characteristics, approximately 100,000 text data were collected for 22 regions where the project was carried out for a total of four types of urban regeneration. Using the collected data, we drew key keywords for each region according to the type of urban regeneration and conducted topic modeling to explore whether there were differences between types. As a result, it was confirmed that a number of topics related to real estate and economy appeared in old residential areas, and in the case of declining and underdeveloped areas, topics reflecting the characteristics of areas where industrial activities were active in the past appeared. In the case of the historical and cultural resource area, since it is an area that contains traces of the past, many keywords related to the government appeared. Therefore, it was possible to confirm political topics and cultural topics resulting from various events. Finally, in the case of low-use and under-developed areas, many topics on real estate and accessibility are emerging, so accessibility is good. It mainly had the characteristics of a region where development is planned or is likely to be developed. Furthermore, a model was implemented that proposes urban regeneration types tailored to regional characteristics for regions other than Seoul. Machine learning technology was used to implement the model, and training data and test data were randomly extracted at an 8:2 ratio and used. In order to compare the performance between various models, the input variables are set in two ways: Count Vector and TF-IDF Vector, and as Classifier, there are 5 types of SVM (Support Vector Machine), Decision Tree, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Gradient Boosting. By applying it, performance comparison for a total of 10 models was conducted. The model with the highest performance was the Gradient Boosting method using TF-IDF Vector input data, and the accuracy was 97%. Therefore, the recommendation system proposed in this study is expected to recommend urban regeneration types based on the regional characteristics of new business sites in the process of carrying out urban regeneration projects."