• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.81-88
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• 2004

In this paper, a low power area efficient charge recycling predecoder (AE-CRPD) is proposed. The AE-CRPD is modified from the conventional charge recycling predecoder (CNV-CRPD). The AE-CRPD significantly reduces the area and power of the control circuits for the charge recycling operation. It saves 38% area and 8% power of the 2-to-4 CNV-CRPD. It also utilizes the property of the consecutive address increase in the memory. The AE-CRPDs are used for the frequently transited least significant bits and the conventional predecoders are used for the occasionally transited most significant bits. It saves 23% power of the 12-bit conventional predecoder.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.4 s.218
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• pp.145-157
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• 2006

The purpose this study was to analyze the factors related to the disposal behavior of college students in recycling resources. Recycling resources were classified into four categories: paper, glass, cans and plastic. The data used this study were collected through questionnaire on 420 college students living in Jeju island. The data were analyzed by using SPSS WIN program and the methods of frequency, average, standard deviation, percentage, internal consistency method, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe's multiple range tests. The study results can be summarized as follows. Disposal behavior of paper was influenced by pocket money, of glass by sex and housing type, and of cans by housing type. Mother's education level was related to the disposal behavior of college students in recycling resources. In addition, the results showed that environment-friendly conscious and purchasing behaviors affected the disposal behavior of college students in recycling the resources of paper, glass, cans and plastic. The environment-friendly consciousness of college students was the most influential factor in the disposal behavior in recycling resources.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.404-408
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• 2001

This paper focuses on the pilot-scale investigation of direct recycling of electric arc furnace (EAF) stainless steelmaking dust. The direct recycling of EAF dust is to make pellets with the mixture of the dust and the reducing agent carbon, then introduce the pellets to the EAF. The valuable metals in the dust are reduced and get into the steel as the alloying elements. Experiments simulating direct recycling in an EAF were performed using an induction furnace. But it seems difficult to reduce all metal oxides in the dust so that some metal reducing agents added in the late stage of reduction process. The valuable metals in the dust were reduced partly by carbon and partly by metal reducing agent for the economical concern. The recovery of iron, chromium and nickel from the flue dust and the amount of metal oxides in the slag were measured. The results showed that the direct recycling of EAF stainless steelmaking dust is practicable. It wes also found that direct recycling of flue EAF stainless steelmaking dusts does not affect the chemistry and quality of stainless steel produced in the EAF. It is benefit not only for the environmental protection but also for the recovery of valuable metal resources in this way.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.409-419
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• 2019

Although the rare earth elements (REEs) recycling industry is expected to increase worldwide in hightech industry, regulations for worker safety have yet to be established. This study was conducted to understand the potential hazard/risk of REE recycling and to support the establishment of regulations or standards. We review the extensive literature on the toxicology, occupational safety, and health issues, and epidemiological surveys related to the REEs, and propose suitable management measures. REE recycling has four key steps such as collection, dismantling, separation, and processing. In these processes, hazardous substances, such as REEs-containing dust, metals, and chemicals, were used or occurred, including the risk of ignition and explosion, and the workers can be easily exposed to them. In addition, skin irritation and toxicities for respiratory, nervous, and cardiovascular systems with the liver toxicity were reported; however, more supplementary data are needed, owing to incompleteness. Therefore, monitoring systems concerning health, environmental impacts, and safety need to be established, based on additional research studies. It is also necessary to develop innovative and environment-friendly recycling technologies, analytical methods, and biomarkers with government support. Through these efforts, the occupational safety and health status will be improved, along with the establishment of advanced REE recycling industry.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.62-67
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• 2014

Used metallic can should be recycled from the point of view of environmental preservation and resource recycling. Metallic can is one of EPR items, and classified into steel can and aluminum can according to the can body material. In Korea about eighty percent of metallic cans are made of steel. In this article, production of cans and current status on domestic recycling of used metallic cans in recent years(2008-2012) were surveyed. Recycled ratio by weight of used steel and aluminum cans was about 80.8% and 81.8%, respectively in 2012. Totally it reached 81.8%.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.247-250
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• 2009

Awareness of resource conservation and pollution prevention has been continually increasing. The proven benefits from CFRP's unique combination of light weight and high strength compare to conventional material is well suited for minimizing fuel consumption during vehicle in particular rail operation. Responding the awareness, this work intends to study CFRP's recycling method that is not only technical performance but also environmental view point. According to prior work of technical performance test, this work aims at quantifying the footprint of energy and GHG derived from the two appreciated performance of pyrolysis and acids recycling methods. The streamline LCA is the concept for systematic assessment. The boundary is scoped at the recycling activity, consequently, the data in and out from the specific target activity are obtained under the gate to gate data collection. Its function is recovery carbon fiber. To count and compare function, functional unit is set at 60% of recycling rate. Korea database is mainly source for acquiring the footprint of both. The numerical results presented that the energy footprint of acids and pyrolysis is 164.95 and 1,199.88 MJ-eq., respectively. Meantime, the GHG footprint of is 1,196.22 and 5,916.08 g CO2 eq. for acids and pyrolysis. In summary, the acids recycling method is, in regarding the environmental performance, better than pyrolysis recycling method.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.107-125
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• 1998

Focusing on 'reuse' with a view to the importance of unused cloths, this paper investigates the aspects of consumers' recycling attitudes regarding the cause and treatment of unused clothes. This research examines the responsibilities for recycling from the standpoint of consumers, and shows their requirements and advice to consumers themselves, clothing companies as the subject of production and the government and society. Considering the pattern of clothing life, this research deals with housewives who live I Seoul, Sung-nam and Choong-ju. After several pretests, the content and format of this questionnaire is revised and added. This investigation is carred by individual interviews and reponders' filling-out, from 24 November 1997 to 5 January 1998. Among the total 1,200 questionnaires, 1,150 sheets are taken back, but only 1,132 are available to analysis. The results are as follows: Most of all, among the causes of unused clothes, the problem of clothes itself is stemmed from the more responsibility of clothing companies rather than consumers'. From production to sale the companies, considering environment and recycling, should choose proper cloth material and adequate design. And then they require the consumers' attention to laundry and conservation. More important, consumers' attitudes should be changed because consumers themselves, in fact, recognize their responsibilities for recycling of clothing, from the questionnaire. After all, the recycling of clothing should lead to reduction of unused clothes as a fundamental solution. When it comes to unused clothes, its elimination pays more money and needs specialization. Moreover, citizens should participate in the problem independently and more information on the policies of recycling should be well-informed.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2010

This paper has specific objective to contribute in improving recycling ratio and settling down strategic reverse management for waste recycling. To serve in such intention, focused in investigating technological issue and suggesting executive idea. Binding thus, technological tendency and global patent, study case were analyzed mainly in fields of waste recycling system based on incentives, waste automatic collection system using RFID, waste management information system. Descriptions are consisted of tendency for technology, government policy, case analysis, discussion, conclusion.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.47-60
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• 2007

Plastic supply and recycling are increasingly becoming matters of social concern. In our country, Extended Producer Responsibility(EPR) system has been adopted in 2003 to expand recycle and reuse of waste resources at producer side, and due to expansion of the EPR system, amount of the mixed plastic waste generation has been drastically increased. Plastic-plastic separation is most fundamental technique to achieve effective plastic recycling. This paper reviews recent developments in plastic-plastic separation techniques and describe future tasks. The mechanisms of each separation which contain gravity separation, electrostatic separation, flotation, and separation of automotive shredder residue are described, and commercial scale and lab-scale results are introduced.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.93-114
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• 2023

Around the 1980s, with government's promotion and dissemination policies for FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics) of the government as a main material of fishing boats, approximately 97% of the entire fishing boats in Korea have utilized FRP until now. Nevertheless, diverse social and environmental issues have emerged due to the susceptibility to fire and the generation of substances detrimental to human health during the construction process of FRP fishing vessels. Especially, the high disposal cost and the limitation of recycling technology in the disposal process of FRP fishing boats have elicited attention to circular economy. This research intended to grasp the management status and problems of disposed FRP fishing boats in Korea, and to assess the level of competitive advantage of FRP fishing boats' recycling technologies of FRP fishing boats based on VRIO (Value, Rarity, Imitability, Organization) analysis through domestic and foreign management policies and related recycling examples. According to the survey of 161 respondents, including the industry, stakeholders and experts related to the collection, treatment and recycling of fisheries wastes, it was revealed that FRP fishing boats' recycling technologies of FRP fishing boats are at the level of 'unused competitive advantage' that satisfied the level of value, rarity and imitability, but not the level of organization.