• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.219-226
• /
• 2006

We consider matrices whose entries can be viewed as elements of both nonnegative integers and nonnegative rational numbers. We determine the differences of factor rank of matrices over the two semirings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2006.10a
• /
• pp.511-515
• /
• 2006

집합이나 배열의 원소, 트리의 노드, 그래프의 정점과 간선 등과 같은 이산 객체는 일반적으로 주기억장치의 논리적 주소 값과 같은 정수로 표현되어 왔다. Succinct 표현은 이와 같은 n개의 이산 객체를 O(n) 비트에 표현하는 방법이다. 대부분의 succinct 표현은 rank와 select라는 함수를 기본적으로 사용하며, 다양한 연구들에 의해 현재 rank와 select 함수는 o(n)?? 비트만을 사용하여 ??O(1) 시간에 수행될 뿐만 아니라, 실제로도 실용적으로 구현되었다. 본 논문에서는 $n{\times}n$ 배열, 즉 2차원 비트 스트링에 대한 Rank 및 Select 함수를 새롭게 정의한다. 또한, $O(n^2log\;n)$ 비트를 사용하여 O(1) 시간에 Rank 질의를 수행하고 O(log n) 시간에 Select 질의를 수행하는 방법과, 보다 적은 $O(n^2)$ 비트를 사용하면서 O(log n) 시간에 Rank 질의를 수행하고 $O(log^2\;n)$ 시간에 Select 질의를 수행하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 정의하는 2차원 배열 상의 Rank와 Select 함수는 이미 개발된 2차원 상의 써픽스 트리 등을 기반으로 향후 개발될 2차원 상의 압축된 인덱스 자료구조나 이미지 프로세싱 등에 유용하게 사용된다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2021

The graph-based tag recommendation algorithm FolkRank can effectively utilize the relationships between three entities, namely users, items and tags, and achieve better tag recommendation performance. However, FolkRank does not consider the internal relationships of user-user, item-item and tag-tag. This leads to the failure of FolkRank to effectively map the tagging behavior which contains user neighbors and item neighbors to a tripartite graph. For item-item relationships, we can dig out items that are very similar to the target item, even though the target item may not have a strong connection to these similar items in the user-item-tag graph of FolkRank. Hence this paper proposes an improved FolkRank algorithm named FolkRank++, which fully considers the user-user and item-item internal relationships in tag recommendation by adding the correlation information between users or items. Based on the traditional FolkRank algorithm, an initial weight is also given to target user and target item's neighbors to supply the user-user and item-item relationships. The above work is mainly completed from two aspects: (1) Finding items similar to target item according to the attribute information, and obtaining similar users of the target user according to the history behavior of the user tagging items. (2) Calculating the weighted degree of items and users to evaluate their importance, then assigning initial weights to similar items and users. Experimental results show that this method has better recommendation performance.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.567-580
• /
• 2015

In order to select an optimum gasifier for specific low rank coal, evaluation elements were studied by analyzing characteristics of low rank coal compared with those of high rank coal and the effects of each gasifier type in accordance with the characteristics. And syngas composition calculation model was made on the basis of thermochemical equilibrium to quantify some of the evaluation elements. And then the suitable gasifier was selected for a kind of Indonesian low rank coal through this syngas composition calculation model and the evaluation elements of selecting gasifier.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.191-195
• /
• 1997

The objective of this study were to compare two methods of analysis of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and to relate conentration of MUN to pregnancy rate in dairy cows. The Azotest and Sigma method for MUN analysis were compared. The Azotest consistently underestimated the Sigma values for same samples, except for those in rank 3. The CV for the Azotest, within each rank, were less than 15%, demonstrating acceptable repeatability of the Azotest within a rank. Concentrations of MUN higher or lower than MUN in rank 3 and 4 were associated with decreased pregnancy rate. Mun concentrations in rank 5 and 6 were associated with a, pp.oximately a 16 percentage point decrease in pregnancy rate. Mun concentrations in rank 5 and 6 were associated with a, pp.oximately a 16 percentage point decrease in pregnancy rate after AI in dairy cow. This results suggest that Azotest may be benificial to dairy producers to monitor urea nitrogen concentration in their herd in efforts to maintain or improve reproductive efficiency.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.465-472
• /
• 2008

For a nonnegative real matrix A of rank 1, A can be factored as $ab^t$ for some vectors a and b. The perimeter of A is the number of nonzero entries in both a and b. If B is a matrix of rank k, then B is the sum of k matrices of rank 1. The perimeter of B is the minimum of the sums of perimeters of k matrices of rank 1, where the minimum is taken over all possible rank-1 decompositions of B. In this paper, we obtain characterizations of the linear operators which preserve perimeters 2 and k for some $k\geq4$. That is, a linear operator T preserves perimeters 2 and $k(\geq4)$ if and only if it has the form T(A) = UAV or T(A) = $UA^tV$ with some invertible matrices U and V.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.113-123
• /
• 2009

A rank one matrix can be factored as $\mathbf{u}^t\mathbf{v}$ for vectors $\mathbf{u}$ and $\mathbf{v}$ of appropriate orders. The perimeter of this rank one matrix is the number of nonzero entries in $\mathbf{u}$ plus the number of nonzero entries in $\mathbf{v}$. A matrix of rank k is the sum of k rank one matrices. The perimeter of a matrix of rank k is the minimum of the sums of perimeters of the rank one matrices. In this article we characterize the linear operators that preserve perimeters of matrices over semirings.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.445-448
• /
• 1991

The two-sample locally optimum rank detection scheme is obtained which uses rank and sign statistics for detection of random signals in additive noise. It is shown that the detector is similar in structure to the locally optimum detector for random signals and to the one-sample locally optimum rank detector for random signals. It is also shown that the detector is a generalization of the two-sample locally optimum rank detector for known signals. In addition , the problem of two-sample locally optimum rank detection of random signals in multiple input case is considered briefly.

• KOMUNHWA
• /
• no.57
• /
• pp.211-231
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the origins and development of Chinese rank badge and Korean rank badge, giving special attention to the rank squares for civil and military officials. rank badge was first established during the reign o

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.6B
• /
• pp.794-801
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 rank-order 필터의 구현을 위해 세 가지 신경회로망의 구조를 제시하고 분석하며 용도를 제안한다. 첫 번째 신경회로망을 이용하여 2-입력 정렬기를 제안하고 이를 이용하여 계층적인 N-입력 정렬기를 구성한다. 두 번째로 입력 신호간의 상대적인 크기 정보를 이용하여 학습 패턴을 구성한 후 역전파 학습 기법을 이용하여 구현되는 순방향 신경회로망을 이용한 rank-order 필터를 구현한다. 세 번째로 신경회로망의 구조의 출력층에 외부 입력으로 순위 정보를 가지도록 하는 rank-order 필터를 순방향 신경회로망을 이용하여 구현한다. 그리고 이러한 제안된 기술들에 대해 확장성, 구조의 복잡도와 시간 지연 등에서의 성능을 비교, 평가한다. 2-입력 정렬기를 이용하는 방식은 확장이 용이하고 비교적 구조가 간단하나 입력 신호들의 정렬을 위해 신경회로망은 순환하는 구조를 가지며 입력 신호의 수에 비례하는 반복 연산 후에 결과를 얻게 된다. 반면에, 순방향 신경회로망을 이용한 rank-order 필터의 구현 방식은 이러한 반복 연산으로 인한 시간 지연을 줄일 수 있으나 상대적으로 복잡한 구조를 가진다.