• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.154-157
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• 2008

A class-E RF(Radio Frequency) power amplifier for wireless application is designed using standard CMOS technology. To drive the class-E power amplifier, a class-F RF power amplifier is used and the reliability characteristics are studied with a class-E load network. The reliability characteristic is improved when a finite-DC feed inductor is used instead of an RF choke with the load. After one year of operating, when the load is an RF choke the output current and voltage of the power amplifier decrease about 17% compared to initial values. But when the load is a finite DC-feed inductor the output current and voltage decrease 9.7%. The S-parameter such as input reflection coefficient(S11) and the forward transmission scattering parameter(S21) is simulated with the stress time. In a finite DC-feed inductor the characteristics of S-parameter are changed slightly compared to an RF-choke inductor. From the simulation results, the class-E power amplifier with a finite DC-feed inductor shows superior reliability characteristics compared to power amplifier using an RF choke.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2009

In the paper, we confirmed improvement Noise figure of the entire RF front-end using spiral inductor with PGS(Patterned Ground Shield) and current bleeding techniques. LNA design is to achieve simultaneous noise and input matching. Spiral inductor in input circuit of LNA inserted PGS for betterment of Q-factor. we modeling inductor using EM simulator, so compared with inductor of TSMC 0.18um. We designed and simulation the optimum structure of PGS using Taguchi's method. We confirmed enhancement of noise figure at LNA after substituted for inductor with PGS. Mixer designed using current bleeding techniques for reduced noise. We designed LNA using inductor with PGS and Mixer using current bleeding techniques, so confirmed improvement of noise figure.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2001

최근 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있는 RF 대역에서 사용가능한 인덕터를 제조하여 특성을 평가하였다. 인덕턴스와 Q값을 높이기 위하여 5000 두께의 F $e_{78.81}$T $a_{8.47}$ $N_{12.71}$ 연자성박막을 삽입하였으며, 자성박막의 FMR 공진주파수를 인위적으로 확장시키기 위하여 pattern을 형성시켜 shape anisotropy를 증가시켰다. 또한 코일부분은 lift-off process를 이용하여 제조하였다. 제조된 인덕터의 디자인은 4턴의 rectangular spiral형태였으며, 측정된 특성은 Ti/Ag air-core의 경우 5 GHz까가지 공진이 없었으며 2GHz에서 Q값이 9, 인덕턴스 8.4nH였다. 자성박막을 이용한 경우 9 nH에 공진주파수는 약 700 MHz부근이었다.다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2004

Phase noise performance and current consumption of Radio Frequency (RF) Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) are largely dependent on the Quality (Q) factor of inductor-capacitor (LC) tank. Because the Q-factor of LC tank is determined by on-chip spiral inductor, we designed, analyzed, and modeled on-chip differential inductor to enhance differential Q-factor, reduce current consumption and save silicon area. The simulated inductance is 3.3 nH and Q-factor is 15 at 2 GHz. Self-resonance frequency is as high as 13 GHz. To verify its use to RF applications, we designed 2 GHz differential LC VCO. The measurement result of phase noise is -112 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 100 kHz from a 2GHz carrier frequency. Tuning range is about 500 MHz (25%), and current consumption varies from 5mA to 8.4 mA using bias control technique. Implemented in $0.35-{\mu}m$ SiGe BiCMOS technology, the VCO occupies $400\;um{\times}800\;um$ of silicon area.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2011

A Differential line inductor is proposed for a differential power amplifier. The proposed differential line inductor is composed of two conventional line inductors rearranged to make the current direction of the two line inductors identical. The proposed line inductor is simulated with a 2.5-D and a 3-D EM simulator to verify its feasibility with the substrate information in a 0.18-${\mu}m$ RF CMOS process. The inductances of various line inductors implemented with printed circuit boards were measured. The feasibility of the proposed line inductor was successfully demonstrated.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.796-800
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• 2004

The main research on this paper is to model on-chip inductor in digital CMOS technology by using the foundry parameters and the physical structure. The s-parameters of a spiral inductor are extracted from the modeled equivalent circuit and then compared to the results obtained from HFSS. The structure and material of the inductor used for modeling in this work is identical with those of the inductor fabricated by CMOS process. To show why the modeled inductor instead of ideal inductor should be used to design a RF system, we designed dual band RF front-end receiver and then compared the results between when using the ideal inductor and using the modeled inductor.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2006

A class-E power amplifier is designed using 0.25$\mu$m standard CNMOS technology at 900MHz and the reliability characteristics are studied with the load network. The reliability characteristics is improved when a finite DC-feed inductor is used instead of RF choke. At the one you halt, the PAE(Power Added Efficiency) decreases from 58.0$\%$ to 35.7$\%$ and output power decreases from 120mW to 74mW in power amplifier using RF choke. However, when a finite DC-feed inductor is used with load the PAE decreases from 58.5$\%$ to 54.8$\%$ and output power decreases from 121mW to 112mW. From the simulated results, the class-E power amplifier with a finite DC-feed inductor shows superior reliability characteristics compared to rower amplifier using RF choke inductor.

• 융합신호처리학회 학술대회논문집
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• 한국신호처리시스템학회 2000년도 하계종합학술대회논문집
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• pp.261-264
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 이동 통신용 단말기에 주로 사용되는 RF-chip inductor의 자동 외관검사를 위한 시스템 개발에 필요한 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 영상취득 후 처리과정에서 동적 이진화 방법, 가산투영 등 영상처리에 관련된 방법을 이용해 코일 부분과 코어부분을 분리한 후 세선화 방법, 라벨링 방법 등을 적용하여 분리된 코일부분에 대해 코일의 감긴 회수와 피치간격의 불균일 검사를 수행하고 기준값 이상의 오차를 갖는 소자를 불량으로 처리하는 보다 개선된 처리방법을 제안하였으며 모의실험을 통해 성능을 검증하였다.

• 한국전자파학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자파학회 2003년도 종합학술발표회 논문집 Vol.13 No.1
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• pp.163-167
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• 2003

In this paper, an air-suspension type RF MEMS inductor is fabricated, and an appropriate de-embedding scheme for 3-dimenstional MEMS structure is applied and verified with inductance calculation algorithm. With the presented de-embedding method, parasitics from contanct pads and feeding lines are effectively and accurately de-embedded using open and short calibration procedure, and only spiral and posts can be characterized as a high-Q inductor structure. The validity of the de-embedding method is verified by the comparison of the measured and calculated inductances of two 1.5 and 2.5 turn square spiral inductors. The open-short de-embedded inductance error is below 5% each case in comparison with the calculated value based on H.M. Greenhouse's algorithm.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 이동 통신용 단말기에 주로 사용되는 RF-chip inductor의 자동 외관검사를 위한 시스템에 필요한 알고리즘을 제안하였다 제안한 방법은 취득한 영상에 국부적응 이진화 방법, 가산투영 기법을 적용하여 코일 부분과 코어 부분을 분리한다. 분리된 코일부분에 세선화(thinning) 방법, 체인코드(chain-code) 방법, 라벨링(labeling) 방법 등을 적용하여 코일성분을 추출하여 코일의 길이, 연결성, 코일의 turn수 그리고 피치간격에 의한 불균일 검사를 수행하여 소자의 불량 유무를 검사한다. 제안한 방법의 성능을 시험하기 위해 여러 가지 부품에 대한 모의실험을 통해 제안된 알고리즘의 성능을 검증하였다.