• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2000

This study was produced to examine the effects of moxibution that had been played a role of traditional oriental medical treatment on disease. We used LPS and INF-gamma in RAW 264.7 cell line to produce Nitric Oxide(NO). And results was that Moxi tar decreased NO in activated RAW 264.7 cell by LPS and INF-gamma significantly, which was decreasing Nitric Oxide Synthase. So we proposed that Moxi tar had anti-inflammation and anti-cytotoxity in RAW 264.7 cell by decreasing Nitric Oxide Synthase.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2003

Asiaticoside has been tested for the ability as an anti-inflammatory drug using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cell). LPS treatment induced dramatically inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW cells. However, asiaticoside inhibited LPS-stimulated iNOS induction in a concentration-dependent manner. Especially, higher concentrations (＞50 $\mu\textrm{M}$) of asiaticoside completely blocked iNOS induction. In addition, LPS-stimulated expression of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and interleukin-1 $\alpha$ (IL-1 $\alpha$) was inhibited by asiaticoside treatment. Asiaticoside up to 50 $\mu\textrm{M}$ still required to inhibit COX-2 and IL-1 $\alpha$ induced by LPS. Consistent with these findings, treatment with asiaticoside suppressed do novo synthesis and cellular accumulation of prostaglandin $E_2$ to a lesser extent, suggesting that asiaticoside blocked the induction as well as the activity of COX-2 These results suggest the possibility that asiaticoside may be effective therapeutic agents for septic shock and other inflammatory diseases.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.223-231
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• 2010

Objectives : The objective of this study is to study the effects of Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution on NO and IL-6 production in macrophage. Methods : At first, the RAW 264.7 macrophage was subclutured. In order to evaluate cytotoxicity, MTT assay performed. Then, the cell was induced by LPS, INF-$\gamma$ and Experimental groups were divided into five(Normal, Control, Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum 100, 200, $300{\mu}g/m{\ell}$). Then Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution was put into cell. We measured IL-6, iNOS, NO. Results : The cytotoxic effect of Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution in RAW 264.7 macrophage was not appeared. $300{\mu}g/m\ell$ Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution inhibited IL-6 production in LPS, INF-$\gamma$-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages significantly. Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution inhibited iNOS revelation in LPS, INF-$\gamma$-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. All group of Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution inhibited NO production in LPS, INF-$\gamma$-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages significantly. Conclusions : Our study demonstrated that Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmacopuncture solution had an inhibition effect on NO production, iNOS revelation, IL-6 production. So Euonymi Lignum Suberatatum pharmaco puncture solution may have an Anti-inflammation effect.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2011

Background and Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Hyunggaeyungyo-tang(HYT) on RAW 264.7 cells. Material and Methods : Two types of experiments were implemented for this study: first, the experiment to study the anti-oxidant effect of HYT using riboflavin; second, in vitro experiment to investigate the suppression of NF-${\kappa}$B activation using RAW 264.7 cells (I${\kappa}$B kinase and induce nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression) Results : 1. The anti-oxidant effects of HYT was dose-dependantly increased. 2. The RAW 264.7cells were treated with LPS for 1 hours prior to the addition of indicated concentrations(0.4,-1.0mg/$m\ell$) of HYT, and the cells were further incubated for 24 hours. The LPS-induced IKK & iNOS mRNA expression were dose-dependantly decreased in HYT treated RAW 264.7cells. Conclusion : The results suggest that HYT is significantly effective in the treatment of inflammation through the suppression of NF-${\kappa}$B activation and iNOS production.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.341-347
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• 2015

Purpose: Chrysanthemum indicum (CHI) has been used for edible and medical purposes for a long time in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of CHI water extract in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Methods: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, CHI extract as a whole plant was used in this study. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of CHI extract (1, 10, and $100{\mu}g/mL$). After that Nitric Oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) expression level were measured. Results: CHI extract significantly suppressed the LPS-induced NO production and decreased the level of iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, COX-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression and also the down regulation of $PGE_2$ expression in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The present study suggested that CHI extract can be substituted for anti-inflammatory drugs and provide a safe and effective non pharmacological therapeutic approach.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.324-330
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• 2013

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolia of seeds oil on RAW264.7 macrophages and TPA (12-O-tetra decanoylphorbol-acetate)-induced ear edema mice. MTT assay method to measure cytotoxicity was formed in RAW264.7 cell. The anti-inflammatory effect was measured by ability to inhibit production nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 cell. Hexane and eight-percent methanol fractions from Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil did not show cytotoxicity. Hexane and eight-percent methanol fractions were showed significantly inhibitory effect on NO production. TPA-induced acute edema was developed in the mouse ears, and Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil dissolved in acetone was applied to inflamed ears. It was found out that Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil could significantly reduce th ear swelling, compared to the control. Overall results indicate that the Xanthoceras sorbifolia seeds oil has anti-inflammatory activity and could be used as a resource of anti-inflammatory materials.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.573-581
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• 2005

Flavonoids, a group of low molecular weight phenylbenzopyrones, have various pharmacological properties including antioxidant activity, anticancer, and immunomodulatory effects. In the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/phytohemagglutinin (PMA/PHA) were used as stimulants for RAW 264.7 macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (hPBMC), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interleukin (IL)-2 productions were measured. In addition, flavonoids were examined for their effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The results showed that all compounds were not strongly cytotoxic at the tested concentrations on hPBMC and RAW 264.7 macrophages. On immunomodulatory properties, catechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), naringenin, and fisetin repressed NO production and TNF-${\alpha}$ secretion. Furthermore, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin (EC), luteolin, chrysin, quercetin, and galangin increased IL-2 secretion while EGC, apigenin, and fisetin inhibited the secretion. These results indicated that flavonoids have the capacity to modulate the immune response and have a potential anti-inflammatory activity. There was no obvious structure-activity relationship regard to the chemical composition of the flavonoids and their cell biological effects.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1832-1842
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• 2004

The present study was performed to examine the possible anti-inflammatory effects of a herbal drug ASCH in RAW264.7 cell line. Inflammation was induced by LPS toxin treatment to RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. Increases in cytokine production such as IL-1β, IL-6. and IL-18, COX-2, NOS-Ⅱ (iNOS), and TNF-alpha were observed at mRNA level in the LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Measurement of IL-6, nitric oxide and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed increased production of these inflammation mediators. Treatment of ASCH effectively decreased IL-1β protein in a dose-dependent manner, and IL-6 and IL-18 were reduced at 100㎍/㎖ of ASCH concentration. NO production was also decreased by ASCH treatment. A slight inhibition for TNF-alpha in terms of protein, but not mRNA level was obtained by 100㎍/㎖ of ASCH treatment. ASCH treatment to normal RAW264.7 cells did not produce any cytotoxicity, indicting that the action of ASCH was selective to inflammatory cells. Thus, the present data suggest that ASCH may act as an important regulator to alleviate the inflammatory symptoms.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.59-67
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• 2006

Objectives : Sam-Myo-Whan(SMW) has been known traditional prescription with anti- anthritis activities. We investigated inhibitory effects of SMW on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide(NO), $TNF-{\alpha}$ and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) production from RAW264.7 cells and BV-2 Microglia cells. Methods : SMW, which had been extracted with 70% MeOH, concentrated and freeze-dried was used for this experiment. After BV2 mouse brain macrophages and RAW264.7 mouse peritoneal macrophages were pretreated with increasing concentrations of SMW extract for 30min, and then activated with LPS. To investigate cytotoxicity of SMW extract, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. NO production was measured in each culture supernatant by Griess reaction. mRNA expression of iNOS in two type cells was investigated by RT-PCR. $TNF-{\alpha}$ production was measured in each culture supernatant by ELISA. Results : SMW extract significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO and $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in BV2 cells and RAW264.7 cells dose-dependently. SMW extract also greatly suppressed mRNA expression of iNOS in both type cells activated with LPS. Conclusion : These data suggests that SMW extract may have an anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of iNOS expression.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.408-416
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• 2019

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of processed (Beopje) curly dock (Rumex crispus L.) in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated murine RAW 264.7 cells. The experimental group was classified into five groups : LPS no treatment, CD (curly dock), CD-B (CD processed through Beopje), LPS, LPS+CD-B (LPS+CD processed through Beopje) and LPS+CD (LPS+CD). Treatment of the Raw 264.7 cell lines using LPS led to a significant increase in NO production, pro-inflammatory cytokines ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$), and inflammation related genes (COX-2 and iNOS). Investigation of the inhibitory effects of CD and processed CD on NO production and expression of iNOS and COX-2 was done in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. There was significant inhibition of NO production by LPS+CD and LPS+CD-B in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Particularly, LPS+CD-B exhibited reduced mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 and NO production as compared to LPS+CD in Raw 264.7 cell lines (p<0.05). These results may explain some known biological activities of curly dock including the anti-inflammatory effects. CD-B in particular exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory effects of inhibiting production of NO, through the regulation of inflammatory related genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results of Beopje processing might help decrease the anti-biological effects and increase several active substances of curly dock.