• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.445-454
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• 2022

This study aimed to improve the physiological activity of onion juice via lactic acid bacterial fermentation. Seven types of lactic acid bacteria were used for the fermentation of onion juice. The pH and sugar content of the onion juice decreased, while its titratable acidity increased after lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and the cell count of lactic acid bacteria was 7.31-10.40 log CFU/mL. The total free sugar content decreased, while the total organic acid content increased in the fermented onion juice. Quercetin content of the fermented juice was 0.13-0.53 mg/kg. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents increased after fermentation. Additionally, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate free radical and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical cation scavenging activities were increased by fermentation. Overall, lactic acid bacteria fermentation of onion juice enhanced its physiological activity. Based on these findings, Bifidobacterium breve KCTC 3441 was selected as the onion juice fermentation strain.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 2002

Indian mallow is characterized by the rapid growth and high harvest of the fibrous materials. This study was carried out to investigate the sheet properties of Hanji using Indian mallow, made by different pulping methods, such as alkali and sulfomethylated pulpings and different stock compositions, various mixing ratios of bast fiber, woody core and whole stalk fibers. The results from this study were summarized as follows. The length and width of the bast fibers were 1.40-430 mm(av. 235 mm), and 9.2-26.4 ㎛(av.18.3 ㎛), respectively. The cell wall thickness was 4.0-115 ㎛(av. 7.7 ㎛). Runkel ratio, flexibility coefficient and fiber length/fiber width ratio were 1.38, 0.42 and 128 respectively. Bast fiber and whole stalk were cooked by alkali and sulfomethylated methods. Sulfomethylated pulping resulted in superior pulp in terms of yield and quality as compared with those of alkali pulping. The pulp yields of bast fiber was higher than those of whole stalk

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.87-95
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• 2002

Three different species of green and air-dried Korean bamboos were carbonized by using three different types of kilns designated as special (800~1000℃), improved (600~700℃) and simple kiln (400~500℃), and the bamboo vinegars obtained from the carbonization processes were characterized. In the case of the special kiln, most of the bamboo vinegars obtained at the first recovery stage showed high values of specific gravity and also in content of organic acid and water-soluble tar. The bamboo vinegars obtained from the improved kiln showed various physical properties depending on their species. In the case of simple kiln, the bamboo vinegars obtained from air-dried bamboos and at temperatures below 80℃, showed a higher specific gravity and more water-soluble tar as well as total organic components than those obtained at 80~150℃. A good linear relationship (correlation coefficient of ca. 0.90) was obtained between the specific gravities and the sum of organic acids and water-soluble tars. Therefore, this correlation coefficient might be a good index to determine the quality of bamboo vinegars. The major chemical constituents of the bamboo vinegars were acetic acid and considerable amounts of phenols: guaiacol, ethyl guaiacol, syringol, and methyl syringol.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.422-430
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• 2022

The effects of phytase and cellulase treatment on the bioavailability of iron, calcium, and zinc in whole wheat flour and their food applications were evaluated in this study. Whole wheat flour was treated with phytase and cellulase either individually or in combination and incubated at 50℃ for 2 h; the concentrations used for the individual enzymes were 2%, 10%, and 20%. The concentration of the combination enzyme was 20% with a mixing ratio of 5:5. Total dietary fiber and phytate contents were reduced as the concentrations of phytase and cellulase increased. The bioavailability of iron, calcium, and zinc was notably improved after in vitro digestion in 20% cellulase, combination enzyme, and 20% phytase, respectively. Muffins made with cellulase- and phytase-treated whole wheat flour showed improved quality and bioavailability of minerals. Phytase- and cellulase-treated whole wheat flour may be useful for development of functional food products with improved bioavailability of minerals.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.17-23
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• 2022

Using cement as a road subbase is economical, easily modified and supplemented and has excellent road pavement quality control. In addition, cement adheres well to sandy soils without adhesion, and it plays a role of permanently preserving adhesion in viscous soils with adhesion, so it can be widely applied as stable treatment with the advantages of increased strength, reduced compressibility. and improved durability. However, while cement is excellent in terms of strength for a road subbase, the material properties mean that it is difficult to maintain and reinforce when cracks or fractures occur due to dry shrinkage, and the pH increases in the ground due to hexavalent chromium eluting from cement. which can cause environmental problems such as groundwater contamination. Therefore, this study evaluates the usability of alternatives in the road base layer such as environmentally cementitious stabilizer and on-site soil generated from the site. We intend to reduce the environmental damage and evaluate the durability. To evaluate the applicability of the site, Environmental stability test and freeze-thaw test and wetting-drying test was conducted to evaluate the strength characteristics of alternative materials on the road through the limited performance evaluation of environmentally cementitious stabilizer. The test ranges were set at mixing ratios of 10%, 20%, and 30% and ages of three days, and 28 days old to evaluate the early strength and reference strength according to the mixing ratio of the environmentally cementitious stabilizer.

• CELLMED
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.21.1-21.9
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• 2021

Background: Unani System of Medicine (USM) has its origin to Greece. To ensure and develop the quality, authenticity of Unani drugs, standardization on modern analytical parameter is essential requirement for drugs. Objectives: The aimed of the present study was to develop a standard profile of "Qurṣ-e-Mafasil" by systematic study through authenticated ingredients, pharmacognostic identification followed by physicochemical, TLC, HPTLC fingerprinting analysis as per standard protocol. Material and Methods: In this study three batches of "Qurṣ-e-Mafasil" QM were prepared by standard method as per UPI had been followed by organoleptic properties of formulation such as appearance, color, odor, taste. Powder Microscopy and physicochemical studies were carried out such as Uniformity of weight, Friability, Disintegration time, hardness, LOD, ash vales and extractive values in like aqueous, alcohol & hexane. Further qualitative tests such as Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC), and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) studies were also carried out to develop fingerprint pattern of the alcoholic solvent extract of QM. Phytochemical screening was carried out in different solvent extracts such as alcoholic, aqueous and chloroform extracts to detect the presence phytoconstituents in the formulation QM. Heavy metals, Microbial Load Contamination and pesticidal residues were also determined. Results: Qurṣ-e-Mafasil showed tablet-like appearance, light brown colour, mild pungent odour and acrid taste. Uniformity of weight (mg), friability (rpm), and hardness (kg/cm) and disintegration time was ranged between (500 to 503), (0.0340 to 0.038), (8.40 to 8.67) and (4-5 minutes) respectively for the three batches. Loss in weight on drying at 105℃ was ranged between (8.3425 to 8.7346). Extracted values were calculated in distilled water ranged between (30.9091 to 31.4358), hexane (1.1419 to 1.4281), and alcohol (3.3352 to 3.3962). The ash values recorded were ranged between (3.7336 to 3.8378), and acid insoluble ash (0.5859 to 0.6112).

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

In Korea, which is mostly mountainous, the proportion of tunnel and underground space development are increasing. Although the ground is reinforced by applying the ground improvement method during underground space development, accidents still occur frequently in Korea. In the grouting method, a representative ground reinforcement method, the effect was judged by comparing the total amount of injection material with the amount of injection material used during the actual grouting construction. However, it is difficult to determine whether the ground reinforcement is properly performed during construction or within the target ground. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to study a new method for quality control during or after construction by measuring electrical resistivity after performing grouting by mixing carbon fiber, which is a conductive material, and microcement, which is a grout material. In this study, as a basic study, a cement specimen mix ed with 0%, 3%, 5%, 7% of carbon fiber was prepared to evaluate the performance of the grout material mixed with carbon fiber, which is a conductive material. The prepared specimens were wet curing for 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days under 99% humidity, and then compression wave velocity and shear wave velocity were measured. As a result of the compression wave velocity and shear wave velocity measurement, it showed a tendency to increase with the increase in the compounding ratio of carbon fibers and the number of days of age, and it was confirmed that the elastic modulus and shear modulus, which are the stiffness of the material, also increased.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.105-112
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• 2022

Innovation is considered as an implemented innovation in education - in the content, methods, techniques and forms of educational activity and personality education (methods, technologies), in the content and forms of organizing the management of the educational system, as well as in the organizational structure of educational institutions, in the means of training and education and in approaches to social services in education, distance and multimedia learning, which significantly increases the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of the educational process. The classification of currently known pedagogical technologies that are most often used in practice is shown. The basis of the innovative activity of a modern teacher is the formation of an innovative program-methodical complex in the discipline. Along with programmatic and content provision of disciplines, the use of informational tools and their didactic properties comes first. It combines technical capabilities - computer and video technology with live communication between the lecturer and the audience. In pedagogical innovation, the principles reflecting specific laws and regularities of the implementation of innovative processes are singled out. All principles are elements of a complex system of organization and management of innovative activities in the field of education and training. They closely interact with each other, which enhances the effect of each of them due to the synergistic effect. To improve innovative activities in the training of students, today computer technologies are widely used in pedagogy as a science, as well as directly in the practice of the pedagogical process. They have gained the most popularity in such activities as distance learning, online learning, assistance in the education management system, development of programs and virtual textbooks in various subjects, searching for information on the network for the educational process, computer testing of students' knowledge, creation of electronic libraries, formation of a unified scientific electronic environment, publication of virtual magazines and newspapers on pedagogical topics, teleconferences, expansion of international cooperation in the field of Internet education. The article considers computer technologies as the main building material for the entire society. In the modern world, there is a need to prepare a person for life in a multimedia environment. This process should be started as early as possible, because the child's contact with the media is present almost from the moment of his birth.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.281-286
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• 1988

These studies were conducted to find out the polishing methods that improve yield and quality of the polished barley. Four varieties of hulled barley, Dongbori 1. Bunong, Kangbori and Suwon 182 which were produced in Suwon, Korea in 1979, were subjected to this experiment. The polishing machine, manufactured by Satake Co, was used as test mill. Increasing the roller speed of polishing machine causes more polished barley in a unit period. The speed influenced more in length than thickness or width of grain. Therefore the shape of grain became bold type as the speed increased. The optimum roller speed was 1,300rpm in ideal shape of polished barley. The lowest hardness was observed in the husk layer and the hardness was found in the decreasing order of the aleurone, testa, peri carp and the endosperm layer. The thickness of bran layer, weight of 1,000 kernel and hardness of polished barley were greatly different according to barley varieties. Also the length, thickness, width and the ratio of length to width of barley grain were significantly different in barley varieties. The ratio of length to width of the polished barley was 1.59 in Suwon 182, 1.53 in Bunong, 1.51 in Kangbori and 1.26 in Dongbori 1.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.348-352
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• 1994

Soybean seed consists of two major storage protein, the 7S and 11S globulins. For improving the quality of soybean seed protein, an increase of 11S/7S ratio would be a desirable objective because the 11S globulin contains much more the sulfur-containing amino acids than the 7S globulin. In this study, some soybean varieties were used to investigate the analyzing method for 7S and 11S globulins. 7S and 11S globulins couble be fractionated by their different solubilities in tris buffers. Adjusting the pH and tris concentration were major factors affecting the precipitation of the two globulins. And it was possible to screen the soybean genotypes having aberrant subunit compositions of the two globulins by an sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of total soybean proteins. The ratio of 11S to 7S globulin ranged from 1.29 to 1.38. This paper also dealed with the contribution of protein components in soybean seeds to the physical properties of soycurd. It indicated that the soycurd from crude 11S was remarkably harder than that from crude 7S, and springiness and cohesiveness were slightly higher in soycurd having higher proportion of 11S. So, it may concluded that proportion of protein components in soybean seed can be important factor which controls the suitability for soycurd or other foods.