• 한국노년학
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.855-869
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to identify how to efficiently integrate long-term care facilities into geriatric hospitals. We conducted a survey on the current operations of facilities and medical services of 2009 of 192 long-term facilities and 168 geriatric hospitals in Korea between October and November. Technical statistics and chi-square test were conducted on the collected data using the SPSS 13.0/Win program. There was a difference between the two facility types in terms of the co-payment levels of the food services. Both types selected the budget deficit as their major management problem. Ease of access and the surrounding environment were critical factors used to select the location of both types of facilities. Facility users benefited from the discounted co-payments of both facility types. However, facility users wanted more frequent visits and support from their family members during their stay at the facilities. It was discovered that users in the long-term care facilities stayed longer, that is until they died, compared to their counterparts in geriatric hospitals. The two types of facilities provided their services totally separately to users. Users of the two types of facilities are poorly supported and cared for by their families. This study suggests that setting reasonable service fees, paying caretakers, introducing an integrated facility, strengthening facility assessment standards, introducing the family doctor system, and introducing the handling of long-term care insurance by geriatric hospitals would allow the integration between long- term care facilities and geriatric hospitals to be beneficial.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.12-16
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• 2002

Soil, ground water and sea bed are exposed to continuous accumulation of polluted materials causing serious environmental damage. It has been reported that such pollution causes a massive mortality of fish stock in rivers by the resuspension of toxic chemicals during strong wind conditions. Therefore, it becomes apparent that there is an immediate demand for the restoration treatment of polluted river bed (or sea bed) sediment layers. Pollution levels of major rivers and ports such as Pal-dang, Kyung-an rivers, Ma-san port are becoming public concern and are posing a serious environmental threat. In particular, the pollution of Shi-hwa river has become a nation wide issue for last few years. In spite of such public concern, the pollution level of such rivers or port are getting worse everyday. In this study, an environmentally sound engineering package is introduced which helps to restore the polluted river bed or sea bed sediments. This engineering package is consisted of a suction facility followed by a series of mechanical, chemical as well as biological treatment units. The suction facility is designed to minimize the secondary pollution due to the resuspension of toxic materials during suction. The sea bed cleaning engineering package is designed to be installed on the top of a floating barge. Such combination of environmental plant and shipbuilding technology provides a cost-effective solution, minimizing the cost involved in the transportation between suction and treatment facilities.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.181-189
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• 2011

The smooth construction and operation of nuclear facilities requires understanding and support of both the local residents and the national people. It is essential that our country, which should maintain using nuclear energy for national energy security and economic growth, shall improve the social acceptance of nuclear energy. In order to identify the level of social acceptance of nuclear energy, this study investigated the perception of the local residents in Gyeongju and the public in other areas on a nuclear power plant and a low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste disposal facility through an individual interview. The subjects of the investigation were 450 persons. This study identified that perceptions of the respondents were somewhat dependent on the residential area, and derived the implications to be reflected in establishing the customized public-relation strategies.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2009

This paper is written for analyzing the history of the Korean game legislation system. The regulation system of amusement place business that is discussed in this paper was started at the Enforcement Rule of the Amusement Place Act of 1973. It was maintained till 1999 and comes under the quickening period of the current game legislation. The legal regulation of this times was accomplished through the Amusement Place Act, the Amusement Place Business Act and the Public Health Act. The amusement place business was differentiated into the athletics facility business, the amusement facility business and the game proffer business of current legislations. The game proffer business succeeds to the kernel of the regulation system of amusement place business. Therefore, The basis of the current game legislation was constituted in the times of the regulation system of amusement place business. Two cores of the regulation system of amusement place business, (1) the separation of the amusement instrument and the speculation, (2) the regulation of a place of business, are still the important issues of the current game legislation.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

Indoor air Quality in public facility same as bus terminal and subway station is very important for civil health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration and distribution of PM10 and falling microorganism at the 5 subway stations and bus terminals from Summer 2003 to Summer 2005 in Kyunggi Province. The results were as follows. 1. The highest concentration of PM10 was $187ug/m^3$ at Bucheon Bus Terminal in 2005 while the lowest concentration of PM10 was $78ug/m^3$ at Suwon Bus Terminal in 2003. The year variation of PM10 concentration at the bus terminals in Kyunggi Province was in order of 2005 > 2004 > 2003. The average concentration of PM10 at the five Bus Terminal was $127ug/m^3$. 2. The highest concentration of PM10 was $225ug/m^3$ at Euijungbu Station l in 2004 while the lowest concentration of PM10 was $115ug/m^3$ at Suwon Station in 2003. The year variation of PM10 at the subway stations in Kyunggi Province was in order of 2004 > 2005 > 2003. The average concentration of PM10 at the five subway stations was $164ug/m^3$. 3. The average amount of falling microoganism at the five bus terminal in Kyunggi Provinc was 201CFU/plate. The minimum is 124 CFU/plate at Seongnam Bus Terminal in 2004 while the maximum is 268CFU/plate at Euijungbu Bus Terminal in summer 2005. The higher concentration of PM10 was 206CFU/plate in 2004 than 199CFU/plate in 2003 and 2005. 4. The minimum is 107CFU/plate at Anyang station in 2003 while the maximum was 263CFU/plate at Euijungbu station in 2003. The average amount of falling microoganism at the five subway stations in Kyunggi Province was 179 CFU/plate. The year variation of falling microorganism at the subway stations in Kyunggi Province was in order of 2004 > 2005 > 2003.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.79-88
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• 2009

A planned access method on constantly-changing-community unit plan changes and develops based on the periodical situation and also plan theory. In this research, it is to present the link between the theory of complex city change and the plan factor of it, and to show how Korean residential complex plan has changed as time passed and how new concept of city plan came up and by applying new methods how can this affect our real world and the past plan. In the phase of analysis, it analyzed the flow of 'community unit plan' and its theory and investigated the factor of compositional space and built a analysis frame. The factors of community unit plan are space structure, size and shape of block, population, distribution of facilities and movement system. It chose the place that can represent the flow of community unit plan trand and that indicates the obvious development leading to Jamsil (1975), Gwa Chun (1980), Mok Dong (1983), Sang Ge (1985), Ilsan (1989), Dong tan (2001) and Eun Jung (2003) total of 7 places. And to compare a similar size of the city, it selected a small community unit. Based on the result of theoretical study and prior research, it can be said that the space composition style has change from a whole complete complex area to a linked-cross over community unit and the access of urban level was on set. Also, a pedestrian walking area was secured and the dense of building structure and pleasant environment wanting need was in balance. For facility plans, the usage of facility and functional change brought change of type, size and disposition. The walking area for pedestrian became a huge matter. Therefore, market, education, public facilities and green system collaborated to co-build a whole community unit and activated the walking environment. Also, public transportation, environment friendly city organization was built.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.60-66
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• 2002

Iksan city is planning to construct a waste incinerator on the site of about $110,000\textrm{m}^2$ in size that will be selected from a public bid(Oct.~Nov.2002)in the wake of expiration by June 2003 of use for Hamyeol fill-up ground. Science it has usually been difficult to find sites for filling-up or incinerating facilities owing to NIMBY phenomenon, it is badly requested to employ up-to-date technology for processing wastes without environmental pollution. The conflicts between the administrative authorities and community people with regard to construction of incineration facilities, fill-up ground and facilities for waste processing or recycling are not the matters of just today but are increasingly deepening and spreading countrywide. There seems to be no prospect for these conflicts to be amicably settled through dialogues. They rather become a social disease inflicting the whole country like an epidemic. It is therefore believed to be necessary to introduce measures to design and build environment-friendly facilities that may be accepted by residents as not abominable ones but be used as amusing place while they watch the daily operation of them as watchdogs. Iksan city's plan to construct environment-friendly waste incineration facilities of pyrolysis type without chimney has undergone the process of public hearings and explanatory gatherings from every class of Iksan citizens to get consensus but is still delayed due mainly to be the failure of inducing foreign investments. Pyrolysis technology has two advantages ; first, environment-friendly due to less emission of second pollutants ; second, production of by-products highly valuable as resources. It Is known that Germany has recently begun installation and operation of pyrolysis facility urban wastes, an evidence indicating that pyrolysis method will be widely applied to cope with the tightened regulation to preserve environment worldwide.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.457-464
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• 2005

Objectives : An outbreak of salmonellosis occurred among the student s and staff of D primary school in Yeongcheon-si, 2004. This investigation was carried out to prevent any recurrence of this outbreak and to study the infection source and transmission of the salmonellosis. Methods : The authors conducted a questionnaire survey among 1,205 students and staff members from D primary school about the ingestion of the school lunch and drinking water, and the manifestation of their symptoms. The author examined rectal swabs, the tap water and microorganism cultures, and we also investigated the dining facility and water supply facility. Results : The diarrheal cases were defined as the confirmed cases or the persons who had diarrhea more than one time with symptoms such as fever, vomiting and tenesmus. The diarrheal attack rate was 28.0%. Ingestion of fried bean curd with egg had a significantly high association with the diarrheal attack rate (p<0.05), and the relative risk of the fried bean curd with egg was 10.68 (95% CI=3.88-29.41), as was determined by logistic regression analysis. The bacterial counts in the tap water of the food preparation room and toilet (first floor) exceeded the maximum permissible counts. S. Enteritidis bacteria were only cultured from the fried bean curd with egg of all the supplied foods on September 3, 2004. Conclusions : The major cause of salmonellosis was presumed to be the contaminated bean curd via contaminated tap water due to a water leak of a school water pipe. This contaminated bean curd was under prepared, which allowed the S. Enteritidis to survive and multiply prior to its ingestion.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.182-192
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to identify problems and solutions of domestic Life Cycle Cost analysis in BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease), a PFI(Private Finance Initiatives) project. It is expected BTL would be quite effective delivery method for public construction introducing the private's major capital investments and technologies, and obviously LCC analysis is becoming more important factor for success of BTL projects. Nevertheless, there are still some complicated issues in LCC analysis, a technique for selecting the optimal VE(Value Engineering) proposals and estimating OM&R (Operation, Maintenance, & Repair) cost of the buildings, and has been applied limitedly. This research mainly focuses on educational facility, as most frequently delivered by BTL currently, especially with two levels (Alternative LCC and Building LCC) , which is occupied main potion in BTL project. In addition, it identifies four main problems and suggests their solutions through case studies focusing six major factors (WBS, Repair Information, Life Cycle, Time value of money, Repair Information Database, LCC Model) from three projects. Advanced development of this research requires closer partnership between the private / public sectors, and their long term strategies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.189-194
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• 2009

Transfer impedance is one of the most critical factors decreasing the competitive power of public transportation. Therefore, it is necessary to improve transfer impedance of KTX and rail station users in order to increase the usage of public transportation. Important factors influencing transfer decisions include exterior walking distance, interior walking distance, steps, and escalators. However, their comparative impedances are different. This study constructed a model for calculating transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in KTX and rail stations and calculated transfer impedance on major KTX and rail stations in Korea. The study results show that the addition of one escalator decreases travel time by one to three minutes. The calculated transfer impedance based on bodily sensational transfer time in this study can be utilized as objective criteria to compare transfer conditions of different KTX and rail stations and to prioritize them for facility improvement. The calculated transfer impedance also can be used as facility guidelines for designing a new transit center.