• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.3-29
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• 2018

By examining care from a normative perspective projected in the Constitution of South Korea, this paper attempts to assess care from the standpoint of justice and establish the status of care as a concrete political value. The point that this paper focuses on in the Constitution is about the "human worth and dignity" and "right to pursue happiness" clauses of the Article 10 at the beginning of Chapter II which defines the rights and duties of citizens. The clauses of "human worth and dignity" and the "right to pursue happiness" are generally interpreted as the highest values of the constitutional order. While exploring the human dignity and the pursuit of happiness clauses in light of care, this paper intends to address the value of care as human dignity, which is the highest ideology and constitutional principle of the Constitution and, at the same time, the limitation of explaining the freedom to care with a liberal concept of freedom implied in the pursuit of happiness. Ultimately, this paper argues for the justification of putting 'care' in the Constitution. In the end, this paper aims to emphasize the significance of care as a guiding principle for the maintenance of our lives and society, a primary principle of social regulation and public governance, and a direction for a just state which can identify and rectify care injustices.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 2018

Cancer show distinct pattern of gene expression when it is compared to normal. This difference results malignant characteristic of cancer. Many cancer drugs are targeting this difference so that it can selectively kill cancer cells. One of the recent demand for personalized treating cancer is retrieving normal tissue from a patient so that the gene expression difference between cancer and normal be assessed. However, in most clinical situation it is hard to retrieve normal tissue from a patient. This is because biopsy of normal tissues may cause damage to the organ function or a risk of infection or side effect what a patient to take. Thus, there is a challenge to estimate normal cell's gene expression where cancers are originated from without taking additional biopsy. In this paper, we propose in-silico based prediction of normal cell's gene expression from gene expression data of a tumor sample. We call this challenge as reverting the cancer into normal. We divided this challenge into two parts. The first part is making a generator that is able to fool a pretrained discriminator. Pretrained discriminator is from the training of public data (9,601 cancers, 7,240 normals) which shows 0.997 of accuracy to discriminate if a given gene expression pattern is cancer or normal. Deceiving this pretrained discriminator means our method is capable of generating very normal-like gene expression data. The second part of the challenge is to address whether generated normal is similar to true reverse form of the input cancer data. We used, cycle-consistent adversarial networks to approach our challenges, since this network is capable of translating one domain to the other while maintaining original domain's feature and at the same time adding the new domain's feature. We evaluated that, if we put cancer data into a cycle-consistent adversarial network, it could retain most of the information from the input (cancer) and at the same time change the data into normal. We also evaluated if this generated gene expression of normal tissue would be the biological reverse form of the gene expression of cancer used as an input.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.53-90
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze a case of social problem- solving R&D project. The case is about a food waste disposer system built in housing complex The characteristics revealed through the case study are as follows. It has been performed by the 'Connect and Solution Development (C&SD)' strategy that could shorten the whole innovation process. In order to increase the economic and social acceptability of the system, researchers formed a dense network with citizens, firms and local governments and tried to improve existing law to make new markets for the system. Instead of developing a new system in a top-down approach, they chose to use existing technologies and entities to address social problems quicker and easier.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.217-225
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality management systems of domestic asbestos survey and monitoring service providers and the relationships with the number of licenses or designations and sales performances. Methods: Data on quality management systems were collected by assessors who were assigned by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) during a pilot evaluation program for designated asbestos survey and monitoring service providers in 2016 using evaluation criteria developed by KOSHA. Basic characteristics, evaluated scores, and sales performance were gathered and statistically analyzed. Results: The median and arithmetic mean of the total scores were 0.64 and 0.66. Evaluation fields that scored highly with the highest percentages were sales performance, installation and availability of equipment, compliance with the mandatory minimum number of airborne samples, laboratory independence, and results of proficiency analytical testing, in that order. Evaluation fields that received low marks with the highest percentages were the training of personnel, blank field samples, calibration of flow rates, preliminary check and visual inspection of the work area prior to the clearance test, and review and approval of final reports, in that order. Comparison of normalized scores between service providers registered for asbestos and other tasks and those designated for only asbestos showed significant differences in their evaluated scores. Sales performance did not show a positive correlation with evaluated scores. Conclusions: The quality management systems of domestic asbestos survey and monitoring service providers were poor. High scores were recorded mostly in evaluation fields related to regulatory requirements. Low scores were recorded mostly in evaluation fields related to documentation and recordkeeping. Considering the low influence of quality on sales performance, the government needs to evaluate the quality management of asbestos survey and monitoring service providers and provide the results to public in order to address their low levels of quality management.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.3-29
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• 2019

A franchise business is a business in which the owners, or "franchisors," sell the rights to their business logo, name, and model to third party retail outlets, owned by independent, third party operators, called "franchisees." There are a number of features in franchising or terms in franchise agreements that may lead to disputes between franchisors and franchisees. These disputes may arise because of underlying risks in the franchise relationship, franchise agreement, or conduct of the parties. In this case, ADR is an effective way to resolve disputes in a quicker and often less costly way than having to go to court. If an agreement cannot be reached through mediation, then arbitration becomes the next step to resolving the differences. Whereas mediation is non-binding and focused on facilitating the parties to find a resolution that is acceptable to both, arbitration is binding and may result in a decision that is not acceptable to one of the parties. These situations can be resolved through experienced arbitration as arbitration allows franchisees to settle matters promptly and outside of the public eye. In addition, franchise dispute arbitration is usually less costly than going to traditional court. Considering all of these, reaching an agreement will also have typical clauses that address the issue of dispute resolution. It is again a more efficient process than going through the legal process and courts and is often less costly. By going through arbitration, the parties agree to give up their rights to pursue the dispute in the courts. However, there is a problem that the arbitration prior to the agreement and under the terms would be contrary to the restriction of jurisdiction under the "ACT ON THE REGULATION OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS" in Korea.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.143-149
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• 2019

In 2018, The Ministry of Health and Welfare announced its first comprehensive plan for patient safety, which included the imperative to develop a patient safety curriculum for students studying to become health professionals. The aim of this study is to assess current patient safety education and points of consideration for introducing new curriculum. An online survey was used to understand the status of patient safety education in medical schools, and key informant interviews and focus group interviews were used to collect qualitative data on the experience of patient safety education. The results of the online survey from 16 out of 40 medical schools (40% response rate) and the qualitative data analysis were integrated and analyzed. Twelve schools (75%) had established courses related to patient safety. The qualitative responses suggest that patient safety education is appropriate both before and after clinical training through a variety of educational methods, and that the topics should be linked with clinical training. The challenge of securing lecture time to address patient safety was mentioned as a realistic obstacle. When patient safety education is integrated in future curriculum, it is necessary to consider it as a priority. Moreover, in the early stages of introducing patient safety education, a step-by-step, policy-based approach is required for seamless adoption and settlement.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.45
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• pp.5-50
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• 2015

In 2012, the International Council on Archives(ICA) distributed AtoM public release, an archival description software based on web, for free to support small archival institutions. The purpose of AtoM project was to let a single or multiple repositories describe archival materials based on ICA descriptive standards and access via a web browser. The value of AtoM project is to promote actual business experience by sharing technical expertise and form active community between users and developers. Recently, there is a growing interest in open source software in the field of domestic record management. This interest is to not only reduce cost, but to escape technology dependencies and to address requirements on the field. The critical mind of this study lies in the fact that there is no practical methodology to establish AtoM system. Even when using AtoM itself, basic tasks such as the migration of the existing data or the improvement of user interface are required. That is why this study suggests the process and methodologies to establish and customize archival information system based on AtoM software.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.115-127
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• 2019

This study aims to address the needs and effectiveness of performance measurement system for convenient facilities support project for people with disabilities performed by local government. In addition, it is also to develop performance measurement index based on logic model. The researchers conducted literature review and focus group interview to develop the performance measurement index. Then, through the project managers and related professionals, the researchers tested validity of the measurement. The final measurement consisted of 38 questionnaires in 8 sectors. With this performance measurement system, we expect to establish rationalization of overall disability services. Also the theoretical framework and approach of performance measurement will be applicable to diverse public social service sectors.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.113-121
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 1,174 retirees in their 50s and 60s nationwide using the 7th data of the National Pension Service's National Elderly Security Panel Survey. We were able to confirm the following results through the SPSS WIN 18.0 program.. First, men showed a higher level of education than women. From these results, it is expected that men will be better prepared for retirement. Second, men had spouses and two or more household members than women. According to previous studies showing that men are better prepared for retirement if they have a spouse, it is expected that men are better prepared for retirement. Second, 38% of men and 62% of women were voluntary retirees. Third, both men and women responded that their own and spouses should play the main role in preparing for retirement. Fourth, both men and women had very low rates of preparation for old age, economic independence, and public and private pensions. Among them, women were lower than men. Fifth, economic problem solving, health, and medical care were the priority as parts to be done for retirement in oneself and society. Based on these results, the directions for preparing retirees for retirement are as follows. First, education on wage peak system, retirement age extension and financial management for involuntary retirees is required, and guidance and management methods on health care and disease should be provided to address needs for health and health care. Women had more voluntary retirees than men, and they need to know why. Second, when both men and women are very poor at preparing for retirement, there should be job creation measures to ensure that they and their spouses are fully prepared for retirement.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1078-1099
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• 2021

Traditional image steganography hides secret information by embedding, which inevitably leaves modification traces and is easy to be detected by steganography analysis tools. Since coverless steganography can effectively resist steganalysis, it has become a hotspot in information hiding research recently. Most coverless image steganography (CIS) methods are based on mapping rules, which not only exposes the vulnerability to geometric attacks, but also are less secure due to the revelation of mapping rules. To address the above issues, we introduced camouflage images for steganography instead of directly sending stego-image, which further improves the security performance and information hiding ability of steganography scheme. In particular, based on the different sub-features of stego-image and potential camouflage images, we try to find a larger similarity between them so as to achieve the reversible steganography. Specifically, based on the existing CIS mapping algorithm, we first can establish the correlation between stego-image and secret information and then transmit the camouflage images, which are obtained by reversible sub-feature retrieval algorithm. The received camouflage image can be used to reverse retrieve the stego-image in a public image database. Finally, we can use the same mapping rules to restore secret information. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the better robustness and security of the proposed approach in comparison to state-of-art CIS methods, especially in the robustness of geometric attacks.