• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.1
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• pp.95-123
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• 1999

The goal of this research is a visual and auditory tool development enabling designers to have the same emotional value with users in the process of user centered design. Through the research, we intend to show the aid measure for making cognitive gaps narrow between users and designer in the process of transforming and understanding the emotional needs as a verbal image. because In the business practice of design, most of tools and techniques for assessment and analysis of emotional needs are those used usually in the marketing fields. So the information generated and transformed from users to designers have a form of physical words. When the designer's understanding of the emotional needs is considered as a product mediated communication process, the morphologic and cognitive information gaps become obvious. This difference could be a false basis in designing with emotional user needs. So the alternative needs assessment sub-tools of visual and auditory information form was embodied mainly for designer's cognitive gaps and inter-cultural emotional needs assessment. As the method of embodiment, Firstly, adjectives related to emotion were classified in their cognitive dimension. Secondly, visual and auditory data were extracted, and then the relativity verified. Finally, the practicality and effectiveness were tested through the database generation. In view of the results so far achieved, 1. We could find being of the big information cognitive gaps in the verbal assessment of emotional needs between designers and users. 2. With the visual and auditory assessment tool, we could make the big cognitive gaps narrower than we expected. 3. Also, we could find the chance that the fidelity, recognition, and friendliness of design for emotional user needs would become better.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.109-121
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• 1997

A lot of educators claim that the open education should be performed in elementary classroom, but it is true that they do not suggest the specific direction of practicing open education in case of mathematics subject. Although a project lesson is recommended, there is little case that suggests the direction of practice and the evaluation method of project lesson. Therefore this study searchs for the possibility of practicing open education in elementary mathematics classroom by reviewing the portfolio assessment and suggesting the specific case of applying the portfolio assessment to project lesson. A portfolio is a folder in which is recording solution process, student's self reflection, and teacher's comment, about topics and problems more than one. Students can see their own varying aspects and recognize their own merits and demerits, sincerities, and potentialities by portfolio assessment. Futheremore, teacher can both grasp the student's cognitive situation and give them the professional advice about the cognitive development. That is, they can perform the instruction underlining the learner's ability and personality, by identifying what Vygotsky calls 'the proximal zone of development' through portfolio assessment. Consequently, portfolio assessment is an alternative evaluation method for integrating process and product of learning, and can be used as an important tool for developing the learner's potential possibility of self-realization.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2024

Background: Exposure assessment is an important part of risk assessment for consumer products. Exposure models are used when estimating consumer exposures by considering exposure routes, subjects, and circumstances. These models differ based on their tiers, types, and target populations. Consequently, exposure estimates may vary between models. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the results of different exposure models using identical exposure factors. Methods: Chemical exposure from consumer products was calculated using four consumer exposure assessment models: Targeted Risk Assessment 3.1, Consumer Exposure Model 2.1 (CEM), ConsExpo web 1.1.1, and the Korean Exposure Algorithm (primary and detailed) issued by the Ministry of Environment, No. 972 (MOE). The same exposure factors were used in each model to calculate inhalation and dermal exposures to acetaldehyde, d-limonene, and naphthalene in all-purpose cleaners, leather coating sprays, and sealants. Results: In the results, TRA provided the highest estimate. Generally, MOE (detailed), CEM and ConsExpo showed lower exposures. The inhalation exposure for leather coating spray showed the largest differences between models, with differences reaching up to 1.2×10⁷ times. Since identical inputs were used for the calculations, it is likely that the models significantly influenced the estimated results. Conclusions: Despite using the same exposure factors to calculate dermal and inhalation exposures, the results varied substantially based on the model's exposure algorithm. Therefore, selecting an exposure model for assessing consumer products should be done with careful consideration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.722-727
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• 2007

Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) is a tool that quantifies the inputs and outputs, md evaluates the potential environmental impacts during the entire life cycle of a product, material and/or service. Inputs and outputs encompass the consumption of natural resources and emission of pollutants to the environment. One of the deficiencies of the conventional LCA methodology is that it does not consider time explicitly. In addition, there are problems associated with the temporal boundary in the normalization step of LCA. The objective of this study is to propose a new life cycle assessment method that considers time in LCA as called 'Time Load LCA'. Basically Time Load LCA is a method that divides environmental load in each life cycle stage by time duration in each life cycle stage. Time consideration in the proposed method indicated that the new LCA method not only renders new perspective on the environmental impacts of a product system but also rectifies inconsistency in temporal dimension of the normalization step. Basic premise of the time load LCA method is that same amount of load over a shorter time period would affect more seriously on the environment than over a longer time period. therefore, load per time is necessary for the assessment of an impact of the inventory parameters on the environment.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2012

This study aims at assessment of local festivals focused on analysis of operation program for local festivals held in Jeonbuk province. The subjects were 65 local festivals held in Jeonbuk in 2010 excluding festivals held in province, county, and town level, and those held with single purpose. Type of festivals were classified to type for residents' unity, tourism, industry, and special purpose type. The portion was industry type 36.9%, type for residents' unity 23.1% in the order. By theme, animal, plant, nature phenomenon, history, culture and tradition, special product, regional industry were classified - the portion was special product 36.9%, culture and tradition 24.6%, history 13.8%. Assessment of operation program was conducted with assessment indexes such as compliance with theme, uniqueness, diversity, effect of experience, size, educational effect, and entertainment. As a result, it appeared that because local festivals of Jeonbuk had high uniqueness, duplication of program between local festivals was very low and educational effect was comparatively high. On the other hand, because entertainment and effect of experience was very low, considerations of entertainment and effect of experience are necessary in planning of program.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.611-617
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• 2016

Remanufacturing that is the rebuilding of a product to specifications of the original manufactured product by collecting used-product, completely disassembling, cleaning and repairing or replacing with a new part and reassembling has been received attention in aspects of resource, recycling because it is a great environmental improvement. Remanufacturing is the rebuilding of a product to specifications of the original manufactured product by collecting used-product, completely disassembling, cleaning and repairing or replacing with a new part and reassembling. With a great environmental improvement and resource recycling and conservation, many studies were conducted. Up to date, remanufacturing activities are mainly applied to automobile parts and printer toner cartridge in South Korea. However, remanufacturing of rental product is not well conducted although rental products are collected in good condition and could be remanufactured in the same condition as a new product. Therefore, in this study, we conducted life cycle assessment (LCA) to an air cleaner product that is one of rental products. This study attempts to identify the processes in new products and remanufacturing life cycles that contribute the most environmental impacts. The results show that air cleaner remanufacturing could reduce about 20% of environmental impacts compared to new product. The greatest benefit related to environmental impact is with regard to ozone layer depletion potential (ODP), which is reduced by 94%. In the life cycle of air cleaner, raw material extraction stage had the most environmental impacts, especially with regard to abiotic depletion potential (ADP) and global warming potential (GWP). In the environmental impacts in each part, the ABS power had the highest environmental impacts.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.249-255
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the exposure assessment of Korean consumers to edifenphos and tricyclazole in cattle product fed the rice straw, using a probabilistic approach. We used tricyclazole and edifenphos residue data in rice straw reported by National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS) for the 1998, 1999, 2001 and 2010 monitoring study and National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service (NAQS) for 2009 monitoring study. The mean exposures of edifenphos and tricyclazole for all of Korean consumers were 0.027% and 0.0006% of ADI and $99%^{th}$ percentile exposures were 0.034% and 0.0007% of ADI respectively. The group of 1~6 years old consumers has the lowest exposure of edifenphos and tricyclazole. The group of 19~29 years old consumers has the highest exposure of edifenphos and tricyclazole.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-134
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• 2012

In this era of globalization and fierce competition, R&D is an essential part of corporate development strategy. Accordingly, much effort has been devoted to identify and verify best practices for successful R&D and to improve R&D processes. Nevertheless, there is still lack of a comprehensive framework for assessing the quality of R&D process, which can be used as a step-by-step guide for process improvement. Therefore, this study purposes to develop a framework for assessing R&D process based on the concept of CMMI, which is a process improvement approach that defines the essential elements of effective processes. In particular, we suggest three types of R&D process-new product development, new service creation and new technology creation-and then develop a customized framework for them. For this purpose, we firstly investigated the characteristics of R&D activities for each type of process and identify its base practices from an extensive literature review. Then, the CMMI approach was adopted and modified to suit the R&D process. Finally, an illustrative example was provided to demonstrate the assessment process and a prototype web-based assessment system was suggested. Research findings will help understand the characteristics of different types of R&D process and provide a customized guidelines for R&D process assessment and improvement.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 2002

Cyanogenic glycosides are secondary plant metabolites that are known as plant defense chemicals. They are found in cassava, bamboo, flax, and other plants. In this paper, the role of cyanogenic glycosides, their characteristics, and their interactions with insects are discussed. Previous and current research in our laboratory found that several natural and synthetic cyanohydrins were effective against stored-product insects as fumigants. Due to their insecticidal activity to insects, cyanohydrins can be used as an alternative fumigant and also as soil fumigants. Risk assessment, however, should be done to account for possible environmental problems, non-target wildlife effects, and human health effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.365-368
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• 2006

The implementation of a screening procedure for removing non-conforming products has become a common practice especially in high-tech manufacturing industries. Screening procedures involve a measurement on the quality characteristic of interest since decisions regarding the conformance to specifications are usually made on the basis of the realization of measurement. A significant variability in measurement procedures may result in the misclassification of an outgoing product (that is, falsely accepting defectives or falsely rejecting conforming items), which may lead to wrong interpretation on product quality, It may thus be necessary to consider the impacts of misclassification errors due to measurement variability when designing screening procedures. Along this line, this article investigates the design of screening procedures based on the assessment of misclassification errors. The main objective is to determine the screening limits on measured values so that two types of misclassification errors may properly be compromised.