• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.117-126
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• 2007

Cosmetics have mild activity on the human body, and intended to be used for cleaning, beautifying the human body, and also keeping healthy skin or hair, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance. Functional cosmetics, in other words cosmeceuticals, are restricted for following functions: 1) Whiten the skin tone by preventing deposition of melanin pigmentation or lightening of the color of melanin of skin, 2) alleviate or improve wrinkles of the skin, and 3) protect the skin from the ultra violet rays from the sun. According to the functions of the functional cosmetics, skin whitening products, anti-wrinkle products, and suntan & sunscreen products are manufactured. In order to manufacture and import the functional cosmetics in Korea, the approval process in KFDA is necessary. The review process in KFDA is performed based on The Korea Food and Drug Administration Notification 2007-44, "The Regulation of Reviewing the Functional Cosmetics" (June 29, 2007). Only after the approval of KFDA, functional cosmetics are allowed to advertise to the consumers for their functionality.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.118-127
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to develop an evidence-based clinical practice protocol of physical restraints by adaptation process for patients with a geriatric hospital. Methods: Protocol adaptation process was conducted in accordance with manual for guideline adaptation version 1.0 by ADAPTE collaboration. Results: The adapted physical restraint protocol was consisted of 3 domains and 37 recommendations. The number of recommendations in each domain were: 7 nursing assessment, 19 nursing intervention, and 11 nursing evaluation. More than half (56.8%) of the recommendations were rated as grade B, 37.8% as grade C, and 5.4% were rated as grade D. Conclusion: The adapted physical restraint protocol is expected to contribute as an evidence-based clinical practice protocol for healthcare workers in geriatric hospitals for reducing and improving efficiency of appropriate physical restraints use.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.179-204
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• 2009

As the concern with the educational training for human resources development in organizations grows, various programs are being offered in many places. Accordingly, the issue of securing the validity of the education and the importance of its assessment at the level of continuous quality management of the programs draw our attention. The purpose of this study is to offer the basic data of evaluation criteria for human resources development which knowledge-and-information saturated society requires, and also to draw out the greater area of human resources development educational program based on CIPP(Context, Input, Process, Product) model by Stufflebeam, an evaluation model concentrated on process, through literature and case study in and out of Korea. The result of the study is as follows. First, the evaluation areas drawn out by the greater sphere of context evaluation of human resources education program are needs analysis, goal setting, and organizational environment. Second, the evaluation areas drawn out by the greater sphere of input evaluation of human resources education program are educational program strategies, human resources, and physical resources. Third, the evaluation areas drawn out by the greater sphere of process evaluation of human resources education program are educational program management, teaching-learning strategies, and educational support environment. Fourth, the evaluation areas drawn out by the greater sphere of product evaluation of human resources education program are influence, effect, durability, and transference. The author supposes that these results will be able to become the basic materials for the systematic approach to educational programs through the analysis of evaluation criteria for and the greater sphere of educational program of human resources development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2012

Recently, as organizational systems have become larger and more complicated, the evaluation for their efficiency and effectiveness has become more difficult but important. It is essential to understand the current strength and weakness of the organizational process. It can be a starting point for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the organizational systems, because the quality of system outputs depend greatly on the capability of system process. Particularly in such process-based industries as semiconductor, energy or software industries, an assessment of process capability is more highlighted to gain knowledge of the expected quality and reliability of system outputs. As a result, much attention has been given to the issues of process capability assessment in the process-based industries. However, most of the previous research in those industries is based on case studies, a more generalized method for process capability assessment is in need for help more companies improve their processes. Therefore, this study aims to propose a process capability assessment method and apply the proposed method to an energy company. This research argues that the process capability is composed of individual and organizational capabilities of the process. Then, the concept of Capability Maturity Model Integration, which was initially suggested to evaluate the software development process, was introduced to develop the assessment tools and process. Finally, the proposed method was applied to a Korean company in the energy industry sector to verify its utility. The research outputs are expected to help more firms assess their process capability and ultimately improve the process.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1199-1209
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• 2017

Food environment has been going through significant changes with the introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This study was conducted to investigate the current development status of ICT related to food delivery service by analyzing the relevant registered patents according to consumer buying process. Patents registered between 2002 and 2016 were searched with 'food' and 'delivery' as main keywords through Korea Intellectual Property Rights Information Service (www.kipris.or.kr). The search resulted in 624 patents among which 219 patents were related to food delivery service; 108 patents based on ICT were selected and analyzed. The patents were examined by applicant and year. The patents were classified into the six steps of consumer buying process: 'need recognition', 'information search', 'evaluation', 'choice', 'purchase', and 'postpurchase evaluation'. Patents belonging to more than one step were coded to all the corresponding steps. The patents were registered mainly by domestic companies (50.9%) and individuals (35.2%), having shown dramatic increase of registration since 2012. Over 2/3 (67.6%) of the patents were related to the 'purchase' step. About 32% were associated with the 'information search' step. Approximately 18% of the patents were relevant to the 'evaluation' and 'choice' steps, respectively. The numbers of patents related to the 'postpurchase evaluation (13.9%)' and 'need recognition (12.0%)' steps were relatively low. The current ICTs related to food delivery service in Korea were largely associated with service providers' profit generation rather than consumers' benefit. There is still much room for technology development that could contribute to increasing consumers' benefit.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

Value engineering (VE) of the construction project is classified into design phase value engineering and construction phase value engineering. Design phase value engineering must apply to over 10 billion public construction projects by government law. Therefore, the design value engineering apply to actively in construction projects. In contrast, the construction value engineering apply to a limited certain construction project. The reason is that construction value engineering process can not reflect practical demands quality. The construction value engineering can implement to positive impact through the feasibility verification for constructability. In this research, we propose a method of construction value engineering that reflect the practical demands. This method is experts alternative evaluation of using by GFI-based. And, this study was applied to the practical cases to verify the applicability of the proposed method. As a result, proposed alternative evaluation method were analyzed highly efficient in terms of applying the process as well as the method compare to the conventional method.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.881-889
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• 2016

The VE evaluation process, in which the value is composed of the cost and the function, should have a characteristic of quantitative analysis based on specific figures rather than qualitative approach. However, most of the VE evaluation performed domestically have a problem of having no systematic process of quantification of the function, even though the cost is estimated and analyzed quantitatively. Moreover, in addition to the tendency of strong practical experience, the VE evaluation has the problem of limited application of practical scientific analysis caused by declining the suggestion of creative opinions by over quantification or over objectification. This paper presents the suggestions for improvement of VE evaluation processes, which satisfies the aspects of simplification and objectification, without hindering the essence of the evaluation in the practical business point of view.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.175-190
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• 2001

We propose, a new process capability index $C_{psk}$(WV) applying the weighted variance control charting method for non-normally distributed. The main idea of the weighted variance method(WVM) is to divide a skewed or asymmetric distribution into two normal distributions from its mean to create two new distributions which have the same mean but different standard deviations. In this paper we propose an example, a distributions generated from the Johnson family of distributions, to demonstrate how the weighted variance-based process capability indices perform in comparison with another two non-normal methods, namely the Clements and the Wright methods. This example shows that the weighted valiance-based indices are more consistent than the other two methods in terms of sensitivity to departure to the process mean/median from the target value for non-normal processes. Second method show using the percentage nonconforming by the Pearson, Johnson and Burr systems. This example shows a little difference between the Pearson system and Burr system, but Johnson system underestimated than the two systems for process capability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 1995

In-process detection of drill wear is one of the most important technoligies for automatic, unmaned machining systems. In this study, an on-line drill wear estimation model based on spindle/Z-axis motor currents generated during the drilling process is proposed. The theoretical model is obtained by integrating the drilling process model and the servomechanism model. The drilling process model describes the relationship of drill wear and drilling torque/ thrust force, whereas the servomechanism model describes the relationship of drilling torque/ thrust force applied to motor and spindle/Z-axis motor current. Evaluation tests have shown that the proposed model is a good real-time estimator for drill wear.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.277-280
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• 2006

Most real world design evaluation and risk-based decision support combine quantitative and qualitative (linguistic) variables. Decision-making based on conventional mathematics that combines qualitative and quantitative concepts always exhibit difficulty in modelling actual problems. The successful selection process for choosing a design/procurement proposal is based on a high degree of technical integrity, safety levels and low costs in construction, corrective measures, maintenance, operation, inspection and preventive measures. However, the objectives of maximising the degree of technical performance, maximising the safety levels and minimising the costs incurred are usually in conflict, and the evaluation of the technical performance, safety and costs is always associated with uncertainties, especially for a novel system at the initial concept design stage. In this paper, a design-decision support framework using a composite structure methodology grounded in approximate reasoning approach and evidential reasoning method is suggested for design evaluation of machinery space of a ship engine room at the initial stages. It is a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) or Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) framework, which provides a juxtaposition of cost, safety and technical performance of a system during evaluation to assist decision makers in selecting the winning design/procurement proposal that best satisfies the requirement in hand. An illustrative example is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework.