• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.7 s.85
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2005

Through rail transit has many merits as a safe, environmental harmonic and scheduled transit, there are many problems to construct railroads because of the public resentment. However, there is no reasonable way to settle the conflict properly and it causes enormous social and economic losses. This paper suggests a methodology to evaluate public complaint using the AHP technique, which is generally used as the methodology to evaluate public complaint using the AHP technique, which is generally used as the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). However, the result from the AHP has some defects to control conflicts because the interests related to railroad projects are so complex that it is hard to make people persuaded easily. Therefore, this paper suggests 'the improvement ranking method', 'the sensitive analysis', and 'the assessment of independence relationship' which can aid the basic AHP to be robust. And the AHP. modified by fuzzy method, is also suggested to apply this methodology to example rail paths in Korea.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.44
• /
• pp.57-84
• /
• 2016

The image of woman shown in an animation was pretty extraordinary as Disney has kept the conservative tendency so far. The two princesses in were described as independent women getting out of the traditional gender role and dependence on men. For this reason, there is a tendency that interprets as a feminist work. Even though the character showing the image of independent woman could be an essential index to define feminist work, it is not enough to define the tendency of works. Thus, this study reviewed if it would be valid to interpret as a feminist work. First, the 'sisterhood' which is the main theme of contained the feminist concept as 'women's solidarity' on top of friendship between sisters. Therefore, when analyzed focusing on the core concept of women's solidarity like difference, empathy, and solidarity, reflected 'differences' in narration, character, and image, etc. When differences in sisters which became the cause for misunderstanding and conflict were acknowledge based on their true love, the process of forming empathy and solidarity was described. The solidarity between Elsa and Anna not only became the power to defeat the enemy, but also reflected the feminist value of forming the community of coexistence like Adelen which was rebuilt after getting back the spring. Thus, it was verified that is a feminist work.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the process of political changes in Japan, which has introduced regulatory policies for large-scale retail stores since the 1930s, as well as the examples, and suggests improvement schemes for our policies in Korea, which imposes restrictions on business hours and forced holidays in accordance with the current Distribution Industry Development Act. Research design, data, and methodology - After examining the political change processes related to large-scale retail stores in japan, this study analyzes individually regulated cases based on the ordinances enacted by each local government. Through case analysis in Japan, this study makes political suggestions that may be helpful for our country substantially. Results - Since there is an obvious possibility that our economic restrictions on business hours and mandatory holidays do not coincide with WTO GATS, it is necessary for large-scale distributors to introduce new social and environmental regulations similar to Japan, rather than imposing controls to restrict free competition and also introduce a policy to induce cooperation with small businesses for the advancement of the distribution industry. Thus, it is desirable to take measures on noise, waste, traffic, and parking for the preservation of the living environment in the surroundings when building new large-scale retail stores. It is also important to establish measures to improve the welfare of neighborhood residents and consumers, create a pleasant urban environment, and make it mandatory to make presentations at public hearings among residents. Furthermore, it should be mandatory to establish regional contribution plans when a retail store is established, and take measures to solve various civil complaints or problems that may occur after entering the market. Moreover, it is desirable for large-scale retail stores that entered the market to induce cooperation in performing various activities in the area with a strong sense that they are all members of the local economy. Conclusions - If introducing social regulations like in Japan, there is probably an advantage that the conflicts seen when large-scale retail stores enter the market are absorbed by adjusting the persons concerned within the established institution in order to establish a field to solve such conflicts systematically. In contrast, there are still concerns regarding chaotic operation without any active attempts to have a conversation with large-scale retail stores and local small merchants due to a sharp conflict among the persons concerned, and if it is a briefing session without any decision of the restrictions on their opening itself, there may be doubts with regard to their effectiveness. Moreover, if the de facto opening is restricted by the introduction of such a briefing session procedure, the choice of whether to protect the existing rights of large-scale retail stores might become problematic. However, such problems could be minimized in a way by forming a separate consultative group for all persons concerned including residents, local governments, professionals, civic organizations, small merchants, and massive retail store-related persons.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.10 no.10
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2012

Purpose - The Garak agricultural wholesale market ('Garak Market') plays a central role in the distribution of agricultural products in Korea and is important in connecting consumers with producers. However, problems regarding inefficiencies and the high-cost structure of the wholesale market's distribution/logistical system are being raised in relation to severe competition among retailers. Furthermore, the service needs of retailers and market users are not being fulfilled due to the inconsistency of the wholesale market's functions and facilities, thus reducing the competitiveness of the market. In this regard, innovative changes are being requested of the agricultural wholesale market according to changes in the agricultural product distribution environment. In particular, the lack of unloading facilities and the outdated unloading system of the wholesale market must be improved to enhance system efficiency. Research design, data, and methodology - This study observed the problems of the unloading system of the agricultural wholesale market in order to present relevant measures for improvement. The need for unloading auctions was also researched in this study. The survey of 70 forwarders belonging to the producing district distributor association of the Garak market was conducted by post. Additionally, 20 auction dealers and 59 shippers and transporters were individually interviewed. The survey on the need for unloading auctions used five-point Likert Scales. The statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS WIN 12.0 software. Results - First, the wholesale market must employ members of the unloading labor union to allow these employees to directly manage the unloading process. Second, it is crucial to revise regulations to ensure that the principal agent pays the unloading cost according to the standard unloading cost system. Third, the vehicle auction carried out for certain vegetable products must be converted to the unloaded auction system. According to the related interviews with the wholesale market's distribution agents, whereas shippers and transporters recognized the need for unloaded auctions, auction dealers tend to have a negative view of this system. Furthermore, the stated reasons in favor of unloaded cabbage, radish, and other vegetable auctions were prevention of constraint, creation of transparent trade conditions, and reduction of corrected seller tickets. Many of the respondents answered that the transport cost reduction rate in unloaded auctions must be below 20%. Fourth, the unloading system must be mechanized and a detailed, reasonable plan must be provided to settle the existing conflict with the unloading labor union. Conclusions - The proposals in this study are expected to play an important role in improving the cargo handling system of the wholesale agricultural product market in the future. Improving the system is expected to help shore up the competitiveness of the industry. If all the related bodies closely cooperate with each other and work harder, taking advantage of the synergies created by the facility modernization project, the Garak market will play a pivotal role in the distribution of agricultural products.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2018

This study analyzes movie by individualiztion theory of JUNG. It is about the mother and the boy who killed the family and a lot of people based on the original novel of the same name. Movies based on maternal love express the maternal sublime devoted to their children, or act as a genre film that introduces maternity even against social myth or ethics. It expresses the desire of a woman to clash with maternity and raises questions about maternal ideology.The maternal ideology was a modern product had fixed sex role in industrialized societies.As a resukt, maternal love is identified with femininity unlike paternal love. Women are emphasized to be responsible for raising safe social members beyond individual responsibility. The movie develop story about crime that occurred in motherson relationship which lacks attachment formation in fostering process. This is not a recuurence of the maternal ideology of mother who miscarried child because she lacked motherhood. Mother Eva projected a conflict that is between maternal ideology and her desire on motheson relationship.Son Kevin also experiences a projection that influenced his persona through his mother. In this paper, I analyze through JUNG's individualization theory that The characters face their projected ego and realize self-fulfillment by searching of their own life goal out of external role or ideal.

• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.27-53
• /
• 2004

This paper analyzes the two cases of labor disputes (Hyundai Motor in 1998 and Power Generation Companies in 2002) in the period of restructuring, by applying the behavioral theory of labor negotiations as a comparative framework. The paper compares th backgrounds of the labor disputes, core issues, bargaining processes, and evolutionary patterns and consequences of the labor disputes at the two cases. The common features, found in the two dispute cases, are strong mistrust and exclusive bargaining attitude between labor unions and management, little feasibility of contract zone in bargaining proposals by the two parties, heteronomous dispute resolution by the intervention of the government, and the lack of learning effect gained from the experience of labor disputes. This comparative case study identifies that the confrontational labor-management relations at the firm level is re-produced by a regressive process of the following circulation: labor-management distrust $\rightarrow$ interest conflict in bargaining demand $\rightarrow$ exclusive bargaining attitude $\rightarrow$ the experience of antagonistic dispute $\rightarrow$ deepened distrust. In conclusion, four parties-labor unions, management, the government, and public press - are required to make much effort to replace the vicious circle of labor-management confrontation by a virtueous cycle of labor-management cooperation.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.12
• /
• pp.201-224
• /
• 2006

This study explained about the different motive of partner homicide and this homicide's elements which are feature of human sociology, home environment, school life and partner's trouble causes. After analyzed these element which affect to the motive of partner homicide, we couldn't find statistical differences of partner homicide motive by sex, having a job. However, there are small gap in an age group. Almost the homicide by expressive motive was a primary factor in the whole mass but, in the age of 40's, 11.1% is by the homicide of instrumental motive in the partner homicide. We need some more detail analysis and the partner murderer who growed up in very poor home circumstances commit Homicide by 100% expressive motive. This result suggested that murderer who was in the inferior home environment can do murder more easier than normal because of their emotional reason which are urgent, impulsive and contingent. On the other hand, their school life behavior during a growth process was useless for explain the motive of partner homicide. On one side, we could confirm that partner's trouble cause is a very useful element for explain the partner homicide, that is, if the if the level of conflict with partner's were high, the murder by expressive motive will grow up. But we must see the fact that the partner homicide's rate is 13.3% by instrumental motive in the low trouble causes very carefully for understand the partner homicide.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.18
• /
• pp.385-444
• /
• 2003

Current Military Airbase Law, in an effort to promote safety of military aircraft and security of military airbase, requires an administrative agency or its empowered branch to consult with the Secretary of Defense or the commander of the airbase before they issue a certain administrative approval or decision related to the installation. Although this consultation process purports itself in simplifying what can be an protracted administrative procedure, and in unifying objectives of the military and the administrative services, such procedural requirement is vulnerable inevitability of various legal problems whenever there is a conflict of interests among civil, military, government services. Nor is there sufficient studies done by academian in the area of bureaucratic issues of administrative resolution, and certainly not in the area of the military consultation procedure. This article, with such reality in mind attempts to constructively examine 1) when a consultation application is submitted, whether the discretionary power of the commander of the affected airbase is acknowledged at the outset; 2) if the content of the consultation is deemed unlawful, whether a civilian can institute an administrative lawsuit against it; 3) problems about the subject matters of the consultation requirement within the framework of military airbase law; 4) whether the issuing administrative agency must abide by and issue approval or decision in accordance with the opinion proposed by the said commander; 5) the legal problems of the remedial measure such as an order of removal, appellate review, notion to challenge authority, and etc. in cases such as administrative agency ignoring the commanders proposal or issuing final approval or decision that is inconsistent with what was consulted and agreed upon between both parties.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.84-97
• /
• 2000

The Necessity and Purpose of the Study Recently the number of patients with chronic diseases and the aged patients is increasing steadily. Furthermore, due to the expansion of health insurance system, the number of patients hospitalized in the general hospital is increasing at a surprising speed. However, hospitals urge the early discharge of the patients for the efficiencies of hospital administration, and therefore, the number of patients who must be taken care of in their home is also increasing. Homecare nursing is one of the health care service for the patients at home who require continual attention and care, and now increasing attentions are given to it as one of the professional nursing fields. However, it was almost impossible to find a study on the actual experiences of the homecare nurses written by their own language in Korea, that it also posed a great difficulty in understanding their diverse experience. Considering these situation, this study will help understanding of them, and provide the fundamental data on their experiences for making policies to develop homecare nursing. Methods of Research Phenomenological research method was employed to analyze the lived experiences of homecare nurses fundamentally. Data collection Data were collected from August 1998 to December 1998 from ten homecare nurses who worked for patients under the homecare nursing setting as model cases designated by Seoul Nurses Association and who agreed to the purpose of this study after listening to and understanding the explanation completely. The in-depth interview was carried at the time which was convenient both for the researcher and participants for one or two hours, and recovered with the approval participants. The first interview covered diverse and broad areas like the situation of homecare nursing, and their feelings and thoughts over it, and in the second and third interviews, more specific questions are asked. Data Analysis For the phenomenological analysis, contents analysis was employed. The data collected from the participants were analyzed into the following procedures according to Van Manen 's phenomenological analysis. 1) Reserve the preconception of the researcher by restricting it inside parenthesis. 2) Make a thorough observation of the lived experiences by insight process. 3) Analyze the contents (Find out the repetitive factors) 4) Interpret the essence found. 5) State the meaning of the interpretation. Results and discussion 1. Fear and expectation for the first visit. (unfamiliarity, awkwardness, anxiety, shivering) 2. Mingle with the family (feeling friendly with the family, becoming like a family member) 3. Being proud of her own know-how (learning the know-how, organizing alternatives, building up confidence) 4. Pity for the poor. (criticizing the current government, feeling ashamed, feeling anger) 5. Difficulty of constructing cooperative system with physicians (strenuousness, frustration) 6. Helplessness due to the lack of support system (difficulty to get supplies, annoyance, embarrassment by institutional restraints) 7. Anxiousness for heavy traffic and parking (annoyance, hastiness) 8. Ethical conflicts (pity for the patients and family, skepticism about lengthening life maintenance) 9. Burden for the possible accident (pressure, anxiety, conflict, physical exhaustion) 10. Establishment of identity as a professional (fulfillment, worth, joy) 11. Being distressed at other's ignorance

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.3-24
• /
• 2014

The Arbitration Act of Korea entered into force on December 31, 1999. It was modeled after the UNCITRAL Model Arbitration Law to meet the goal of the internationalization of the arbitration system of South Korea mainly in terms of the System (Alternative Dispute Resolution) Act. In general, a hearing of arbitration is made up of an arbitrator, claimant, and respondent. This is accomplished in a single core. The advantages of arbitration are low cost and confidentiality. In addition, there is the participation of experts and rapidity with a single core agent. However, under the current Arbitration Act, there is no provision expressly relating to the qualifications of arbitrators. This should be accomplished by the arbitration act enforcement ordinance. Following specific details of the 'party' in conjunction with all the provisions of the Arbitration Act, Article 1 should be revised in a timely manner so that "conflict of private law" covers cases in which a dispute between the parties is desirable. In addition, in Article 3 the phrasing of "also dispute 'judicial'" should be revised to over disputes between parties. Furthermore, the provisions of Article 40 are described in the Supplement and so it is preferable to address Supplementary Delete. In addition, this study will analyze ADR in Japan and present a plan to establish a law to resolve disputes outside of court in that country. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assist in the study of legislating fundamental law for alternative dispute resolution. In spite of this, there are many in business and academia who would like to modify the arbitration system in South Korea to improve its function. There is much interest in accomplishing this,so proposals for legislation should continue to be made.In order to accomplish this, the arbitration systems of developed countries such as the United States can be used as a model. It can be seen that despite the idea that the parties involved engage in arbitration autonomously, many elements of the process from the selection of the arbitrator of the arbitral tribunal are specified in legislation and thus it is necessary to develop legislation that will allow arbitration to perform its intended function. Any given arbitral tribunal can be specialized, typically in a case an arbitrator who is an expert in the field is selected. This helps to avoid complaints concerning the results of the arbitration. In the case of international arbitration, however, this provision is often not employed and instead it is necessary to provide a Schedule and Supplement concerning international arbitration. Finally, the promotion of the enactment of the Arbitration Law Enforcement Ordinance must be a top priority in order to ensure proper implementation of the arbitration law.