• 제목/요약/키워드: Problem solving performance

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The Relationship between Metacognition, Learning Flow, and Problem-Solving Ability of Dental Hygiene Students

  • Soo-Auk Park
    • Journal of dental hygiene science
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.271-281
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    • 2023
  • Background: This study aims to improve dental hygiene education by investigating the relationship between metacognition, learning flow, and problem-solving abilities in dental hygiene majors. Methods: A survey was conducted on 2nd to 4th-year students from dental hygiene programs, with 132 responses analyzed. Data analysis involved t-tests and ANOVA to examine the differences in metacognition, learning flow, and problem-solving abilities based on the general characteristics. Multiple regression analysis was employed to investigate the factors influencing the dependent variable, which is problem-solving abilities. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: First, when comparing metacognition, learning flow, and problem-solving abilities based on the general characteristics of the study participants, statistically significant differences were observed in common factors such as major satisfaction, subjective academic performance, GPA (grade point average), and reason for major choice (p<0.05). Second, it was found that there is a significant positive correlation between metacognition, learning flow, and problem-solving abilities in dental hygiene students (r≥0.79, p<0.05). In other words, higher levels of metacognition and learning flow were associated with better problem-solving abilities. Third, factors influencing problem-solving abilities were identified, with both metacognition and learning flow having a statistically significant positive impact. It was also noted that metacognition had a greater influence on problem-solving abilities compared to learning flow (adjusted R2=0.815, p<0.05). Conclusion: To enhance the core competency of problem-solving abilities, it is essential to improve metacognition and learning flow. To enhance metacognition and promote learning flow, strategies such as goal setting, utilizing effective learning methods, boosting self-efficacy, managing the learning environment, choosing activities that foster immersion, stress management, self-assessment and feedback integration, improving focus, and utilization a variety of learning experiences will be necessary.

Differences of Pre-Post Simulation Training on Problem solving, Performance confidence and Critical thinking Skill in Nursing Students according to Degree of Self-leadership (간호대학생의 셀프리더십 정도에 따른 시뮬레이션 교육 전·후 문제해결능력, 수행자신감 및 비판적 사고능력의 차이)

  • Lee, Kyung Eun;Choi, Eun Hee
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.66-75
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate differences of pre-post simulation training in problem solving ability, performance confidence, and critical thinking skill according to degree of nursing students' self-leadership. Methods: This study was a descriptive survey using a self-report questionnaire. One hundred eighty nursing students participated in this study which programed a simulation scenario of pre-post operative patients' care. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test, ANCOVA with IBM SPSS 21.0 program were used for data analysis. Results: After the simulation training, both the above-average subjects and below-average subjects in self-leadership significantly improved their problem-solving ability, performance confidence, and critical thinking skill. compared with their previous level. The subjects who rated above-average in self-leadership, improved their degree of problem-solving ability, performance confidence, and critical thinking skill significantly more than those who were below-average in self-leadership. Conclusion: Self-leadership of nursing students is an important element in effective simulation training.

An Exploratory Study on the Project Performance by PMO Capability (PMO 역량에 따른 프로젝트 성과에 관한 연구)

  • Bae, Jae-Kwon;Kim, Jin-Hwa;Kim, Sang-Yeoul
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.53-77
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    • 2008
  • In recent years, although numbers of corporations are bringing in PMO, they seem to be indifferent to PMO performance measurement. This demonstrates that there are also other reasons beside performance measurement of information systems (IS) project being ambiguous by introducing PMO; the lack of acknowledging the concrete function of PMO, and the scarcity of empirical study about the effect of PMO on the project members and project performance. In this sense, this study is aimed at proposing a new research model in which project success factors (i.e., standardization, management advocacy, and staff expertise) affect PMO capability (i.e., knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency) positively, leading to project performance (i.e., task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes) eventually. To empirically test the research model, data are surveyed from PMO department and IS department. To prove the validity of the proposed research model, PLS analysis is applied with valid 132 questionnaires. By employing PLS technique, the measurement reliability and validity of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis testing. The path analysis results can be organized into 7 ways in large scale. First, standardization of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency of PMO capabilities. The findings of this result indicate that the multiple or single project management should satisfy standardization in order to operate an effective PMO. Second, management advocacy of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. Management advocacy refers to the willingness of management to provide the required resources and authority for project success. There is agreement among researchers regarding the importance of management advocacy for favorable PMO capability. Third, staff expertise of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. The findings of this result indicate that the formation of an exceptional consultant or members with a proficient knowledge for staff expertise of project member is the key factor to elevate the PMO capability. Past research suggests that experience and knowledge and the resultant familiarity with the problem faced can be an important determinant of PMO capability. A capable project with appropriate staff expertise means that it enjoys a diversity of abilities and experiences. Fourth, knowledge management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive impact on psychological outcomes but has no direct effect on task outcomes and organizational outcomes. In domestic case of S. Korea, PMO was finally introduced to many other corporations in 2005 though it started bringing in 2000. Therefore, it had neither a significant impact on the task outcomes nor organizational outcomes by lacking the contents and the infrastructure of the knowledge management because the knowledge consolidation and management period of PMO is comparatively shorter by terms than other foreign nations. Fifth, resources management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. In addition, problem solving competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Therefore, the findings of this results stress that PMO capabilities has a positive impact on project performance. Sixth, according to the path analysis of the hypothesis, which suggested in this research, problem solving competency is the PMO capability which is the key success factor for task, psychological, and organizational outcomes as an integrated performance model. Further, the analysis reveals that problem solving competency is an important factor for integrated performance model. The finding is in line with past IS research, which affirms that the work of IS projects is essentially a problem solving endeavor. Seventh, in the path analysis of the hypothesis in this research, the path of the management advocacy $\rightarrow$ problem solving competency $\rightarrow$ organizational outcomes appears to be the most important and strongest path. In brief, the finding of this study suggests that project success factors influence PMO capability positively, and project performance as well. From the results, it can be concluded that PMO helped great improve the project success rate and project performance. This study advances research on PMO capability in three important aspects. First, the findings of our study have implications for IS theory and future research. Our study contributes to IS theory by synthesizing concepts from PMO research and project management research with those in IS research. We proposed and tested PMO capability of IS projects and the findings of our investigation provided some preliminary answers to some of the questions raised. Secondly, this thesis does not only help depicting the concept of IT governance but also approaches empirically. It makes a gradual approach to the main content, step by step, in contrary of simple standard, scholastic way of thinking. Finally, we argued that this task-oriented(technical) view is not sufficient to adequately conceptualize IS project performance. Hence, we applied that the research on organization teams, which provides a flip viewpoint to that of project management research in that it gives more weight for psychological outcomes of organizational work groups, can be very helpful in reconceptualizing the IS project performance construct. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide research directions for future research.

The Impact of Motivational and Cognitive Variables on Multiple-Choice Algorithmic Chemistry Problem Solving: Achievement Goal, Perceived Ability, Learning Strategy, and Self-Regulation (동기 및 인지 변인이 화학 선다형 수리 문제 해결에 미치는 영향: 성취 목적, 유능감, 학습 전략, 자기 조절 능력)

  • Jeon, Kyung-Moon;Park, Hyun-Ju;Noh, Tae-Hee
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2006
  • This study investigated the causal relationships between high school student multiple-choice algorithmic chemistry problem solving and 1) the motivational variables of achievement goal (task goal/performance goal/performance-avoidance) and perceived ability, and 2) the cognitive variables of learning strategy (deep learning/surface learning) and self-regulation. Path analysis supported a causal model in which perceived ability and task goal were found to positively influence algorithmic chemistry problem-solving ability via self-regulation. In particular it was found that perceived ability directly influenced algorithmic chemistry problem-solving ability. Moreover, deep learning was found to have been influenced by perceived ability and task goal, while surface learning was influenced by performance-avoidance goal. Lastly, there did not appear to be any causal relationship between learning strategy and algorithmic chemistry problem-solving ability.

Development of the Problems and Rubrics for Performance Assessment in Elementary School Mathematics (수학과 수행평가 문항 및 분석기준 개발 연구)

  • Kim Min-Kyeong;Cho Mi-Kyung
    • The Mathematical Education
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.1-24
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of the study was to design and develop the performance assessment problems and the rubric of holistic evaluation approach for elementary school students in higher levels (6 graders). Problems include 6 tasks related to all content areas such as number and operation, etc. In addition, the results show the analyses of children's problem solving process and investigate how the performance assessment problems could be developed in order to develop children's higher-order thinking and problem solving skills.

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Effects of Teacher Creative Instructional Behavior, Role-Performance, and Teacher-Student Interaction on Problem Solving Abilities for Middle School Students (교사의 창의적 교수행동 및 역할수행과 교사-학생 간 상호작용이 중학생의 문제해결능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Yuk, Myeung-Sin;Park, Myeung-Sin;Park, Yong-Han
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.2450-2464
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    • 2015
  • This study is a professor of creative behavior and roles of teachers and teacher-student interactions between was conducted to analyze the impact on the problem solving skills of middle school students. Study, professor of creative actions and roles of teachers showed significant influence on middle school students in problem-solving skills, teacher-student was found that a significant effect on the interaction between. In addition, teacher-student interaction was found between the effects of a significant effect on middle school students problem-solving skills, creative roles of teachers and professors behavior was confirmed that a significant mediating effect among middle school students in problem-solving skills. The results of this study performed a professor of creative behavior and the role of teachers and teacher-student liver and suggest to improve the interaction education and training programs are needed, that can help in problem-solving skills and theoretical training of junior high school as a practical implication offers a number of implications for school education.

A study on the critical thinking and problem-solving abilities of dental hygiene students (치위생과 학생의 비판적 사고성향과 문제해결능력에 관한 연구)

  • Shim, Hyung-Soon;Lee, Hyang-Nim;Kim, Eun-Mi
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.1171-1182
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between critical thinking and problem-solving abilities in dental hygiene students. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 386 dental hygiene students enrolled in Gwangju Health university from August 30, 2017 to September 2, 2017. The general characteristics of the subjects, their critical thinking and problem-solving abilities were measured for the study. The tool to measure critical thinking was adapted from Yoon which had a Cronbach' alpha of 0.77. The tool for problem-solving ability was adapted from that used in Heppner & Petersen, which had a Cronbach' alpha of 0.77. The collected data are analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation analysis, and multiple regression using SPSS/Win 18.0 program. Results: The results show that critical thinking scored 3.45 while problem solving ability scored 3.20. The correlation between critical thinking and problem-solving abilities was found to be strong. The strongest positive correlation in problem-solving ability was critical thinking (p<0.001). The multiple regression analysis suggests that the factors affecting problem solving ability of the subjects was statistically significant. The significant variables included critical thinking (${\beta}=0.440$) (p<0.001), satisfaction with one's major (${\beta}=0.108$) (p<0.05), interpersonal relationships (${\beta}=0.104$) (p<0.05) and academic performance (${\beta}=0.086$) (p<0.05) with an explanatory power of 38.3%. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop a curriculum and learning method for critical thinking and problem-solving abilities in the dental hygiene students.

Characteristics of the Problem Solving Process of the Balancing Redox Equations by Senior and Science High School Students' Mental Capacity and Problem Solving Methdos (일반고와 과학고 학생들의 정신용량과 풀이 방법에 따른 산화 환원 반응식 완결 과정의 특성)

  • Kim, Chung-Ho;Lee, Sang-Gwon
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.353-363
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    • 2002
  • In this study, characteristics of the problem solving process of the balancing redox equations was ana-lyzed by mental capacity and problem solving methods, and the pertinent teaching and learning guidance for oxidation-reduction unit was suggested. Participants were 79 senior high school students and 57 science high school students. Tests were conducted to measure the mental capacity, the understanding of the oxidation-reduction concepts and the com-pletion of the balancing redox equations. The framework was made to find the patterns of failure and success. As the analysis of the influence on the performance of mental capacity,understanding of the oxidation-reduction concepts, and problem solving methods, students who had lower understanding of oxidation-reduction concepts selected the trial and error method, and their performance were influenced by mental capacity. The students that had higher understanding of the oxidation-reduction concepts had good performance by using oxidation number method regardless of their mental capacity. As the results of analysis for the patterns, the success patterns of solving the problems, those of mostly the sci-ence high school students, were the cases of using oxidation number method well and lessening problem solving steps. The patterns of failure in solving problems by using trial and error method showed that students had mistakes in cal-culating, errors in making unknown equations, no consideration for all variables, or stopped solving the complicated problems. The patterns of failure in solving problems by using oxidation number method showed that many students had wrong oxidation number or no consideration for mass and charge balance.

Effect of a Simulation-based Education on Cardio-pulmonary Emergency Care Knowledge, Clinical Performance Ability and Problem Solving Process in New Nurses (시뮬레이션기반 심폐응급간호교육이 신규간호사의 지식, 임상수행능력 및 문제해결과정에 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Yun-Hee;Jang, Keum-Seong
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.245-255
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of simulation-based education regarding care in a cardio-pulmonary emergency care as related to knowledge, clinical performance ability, and problem solving process in new nurses. Methods: An equivalent control group pre-post test experimental design was used. Fifty new nurses were recruited, 26 nurses for the experimental group and 24 nurses for the control group. The simulation-based cardio-pulmonary emergency care education included lecture, skill training, team-based practice, and debriefing, and it was implemented with the experimental group for a week in May, 2009. Data were analyzed using frequency, ratio, chi-square, Fisher's exact probability and t-test with the SPSS program. Results: The experimental group who had the simulation-based education showed significantly higher know-ledge (t=5.76, p<.001) and clinical performance ability (t=5.86, p<.001) for cardio-pulmonary emergency care compared with the control group who had traditional education but problem solving process was not included (t=1.11, p=.138). Conclusion: The results indicate that a simulation-based education is an effective teaching method to improve knowledge and clinical performance ability in new nurses learning cardio-pulmonary emergency care. Further study is needed to identify the effect of a simulation-based team discussion on cognitive outcome of clinical nurses such as problem solving skills.

Solving Sudoku as Constraint Satisfaction Problem (Sudoku 퍼즐의 구속조건만족문제 해법)

  • Lee, Seung-Won;Choi, Ho-Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 한국정보처리학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회
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    • pp.55-58
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    • 2006
  • This paper presents solving the Sudoku puzzle as a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). After introducing the rules and characteristics of the puzzle, we formulate the puzzle as a CSP and develop various methods of solving the problem. Blind search, minimum remaining value (MRV) heuristic, and some advanced methods are investigated, and their algorithms are implemented in this undergraduate project. The performance comparisons of these methods are discussed in the paper.

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