• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

This study is conducted to propose urban park utilization and master plan in rural areas. Urban parks designed for the rural areas can be divided into three types: a themed type for rural tourism, a community type for hub regenerations and a waterfront type for using agricultural reservoirs. To use the themes and characteristics of ruralness, these types are required a multi-layered spatial structure. And ecological, cultural and economic networks of local tourism resources have to be integrated by utilizing agricultural reservoirs. Therefore, urban parks in rural areas can be defined as a part of the public benefit project aiming to revitalize the local economy. Also, urban parks are necessary to use attractions and amenities in rural areas. Based on theoretical backgrounds, this study proposed two sustainable master plans as the tourism resource development project for Baelyeonje, Gulye-gun. For ecological and cultural sustainability, this study proposed the environment restoration plan which reinforces the scenic resource of Nogodan in Mt. Jiri by developing the underdevelopment plan with consideration of the local landscape characteristics and resources. For economic sustainability, building the Mt. Jiri tourism complex and economic communities are needed to promote investments for securing mutual economic benefits. To achieve the sustainability, further studies related to the social equity and investment of private capital in rural areas are needed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.669-677
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• 2018

Torrential rain and drought are repeated due to the increase in the unpredictable fluctuating of rainfall patterns. It is time for stabilize water resource management in terms of disaster prevention. Distributed control from sources is needed to minimize damages caused by torrential rains and droughts. Rain barrel can be used to reduce the runoff as they collect and store rainwater. In response to this situation, Seoul Metropolitan Government and other local governments implemented a project to support the installation of rain barrel and provided 90% of the cost of installing it in private areas. However, with limited budget, it is difficult to distribute rainwater to the city which is mostly covered by private areas. In this study, Samho-dong, Ulsan, where pilot projects of water cycle leading city are underway, analyzed the effects of reducing the runoff with respect to the amount of rainwater that can be used, and analyzed the economics of recoverable investment cost when installed. From the analysis, it was established that it is possible to show sufficient efficiency with a small capacity without the need to install large rain barrel effectively in the private sector, and to support the installation cost of less than 70 percent of the rainwater can be recovered.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.772-776
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• 2004

This paper proposes an interference avoidance approach for Constraint-Based Routing (CBR) algorithm in the Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network. The MPLS network itself has a capability of integrating among any layer-3 protocols and any layer-2 protocols of the OSI model. It is based on the label switching technology, which is fast and flexible switching technique using pre-defined Label Switching Paths (LSPs). The MPLS network is a solution for the Traffic Engineering(TE), Quality of Service (QoS), Virtual Private Network (VPN), and Constraint-Based Routing (CBR) issues. According to the MPLS CBR, routing performance requirements are capability for on-line routing, high network throughput, high network utilization, high network scalability, fast rerouting performance, low percentage of call-setup request blocking, and low calculation complexity. There are many previously proposed algorithms such as minimum hop (MH) algorithm, widest shortest path (WSP) algorithm, and minimum interference routing algorithm (MIRA). The MIRA algorithm is currently seemed to be the best solution for the MPLS routing problem in case of selecting a path with minimum interference level. It achieves lower call-setup request blocking, lower interference level, higher network utilization and higher network throughput. However, it suffers from routing calculation complexity which makes it difficult to real task implementation. In this paper, there are three objectives for routing algorithm design, which are minimizing interference levels with other source-destination node pairs, minimizing resource usage by selecting a minimum hop path first, and reducing calculation complexity. The proposed CBR algorithm is based on power factor calculation of total amount of possible path per link and the residual bandwidth in the network. A path with high power factor should be considered as minimum interference path and should be selected for path setup. With the proposed algorithm, all of the three objectives are attained and the approach of selection of a high power factor path could minimize interference level among all source-destination node pairs. The approach of selection of a shortest path from many equal power factor paths approach could minimize the usage of network resource. Then the network has higher resource reservation for future call-setup request. Moreover, the calculation of possible path per link (or interference level indicator) is run only whenever the network topology has been changed. Hence, this approach could reduce routing calculation complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has good performance over high network utilization, low call-setup blocking percentage and low routing computation complexity.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권4호
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• pp.494-501
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• 2007

지리산국립공원 내 사유림이용에 있어서 이해당사자 간 갈등이 발생되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 지리산국립공원의 가치와 갈등에 대해 이해주체 간 인식차이를 규명하고 갈등해결을 위한 합의점을 도출할 수 있는 가능성을 찾는데 있다. 이를 위해, 국립공원의 가치와 갈등인자에 대해 요인분석을 실시하여 각각 4가지 요인으로 축약하였다. 그리고 이해주체 간 인식 차이는 t-검정과 Duncan다중검정으로 구분 비교하였다. 그 결과, 국립공원의 가치에 대한 인식은 마을주민과 산림청 지자체는 인식을 같이 하고 있었으나, 국립공원은 대립적으로 인식하고 있었다. 그리고 갈등에 대한 인식은 국립공원과 산림청 지자체가 인식을 함께하고 있었으나, 마을주민은 대립적으로 인식하고 있었다. 갈등해결을 위한 방향으로 협의체 구성과 이유에 있어서 이해주체 모두 인식을 함께 하였고, 산림이용을 위한 명확한 행위기준이 필요하며, 규제정책의 집행에 있어서 규제수단은 용도지구에 따라 차등적으로 적용할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.144-152
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• 2018

미국과 구소련을 중심으로 진행되었던 달 탐사는 1970년대에 중단되었다. 하지만 1990년대 달에 얼음 형태의 물과 희귀자원이 대량 발견되면서 유럽연합, 중국, 일본, 인도 등으로 대표되는 우주신흥강국 들도 달 자원 확보와 기지 건설을 목적으로 달 탐사 경쟁에 합류하고 있다. 향후 달 탐사 사업은 국제 협력을 기반으로 전 세계 주요 우주국과 우주 민간 기업이 함께 참여할 것으로 전망된다. 또한 달 궤도선 중심의 탐사에서 벗어나 달 착륙선 및 로버 중심의 무인 탐사가 전개되어 자원 탐사, 토양 표본 채취 및 귀환 등의 임무를 수행할 것으로 예상된다. 달 탐사를 통해 발견된 자원은 향후 유인 달 기지 건설과 밀접한 연관성이 있다. 달 표면에서의 건설을 위해서는 막대한 양의 자원을 지구로부터 수송해야하므로, 달 현지 자원을 이용하여 물, 산소를 생산하고 현지 지형을 이용하여 기지를 건설하는 기술이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 현재 진행 중인 전 세계 달 탐사 동향 및 전망과 함께, 달 표면에서의 유인 달 기지 건설 방안과 국가별 달 건설 기술 개발 현황에 대해 조사 및 비교 분석하였다.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권9호
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• pp.313-340
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• 2011

The National Defense Reformation bill of "National Defense Reformation 2020" which have been constantly disputed and reformed by the government went through various levels of complementary measures after the North Korean sinking on the Republic of Korea (ROK) Naval Vessel "Cheonan". The final outcome of this reform is also known as the 307 Plan and this was announced on the 8th March. The reformed National Defense Reformation is to reduce the number of units and military personnel under the military structure reformation. However, in order for us to undertake successful National Defense Reformation, the use of privatized civilian resources are essential. Therefore according to this theory, the ROK Ministry of National Defense (MND) have selected the usage of privatized resources as one of the main core agenda for the National Defense Reformation management procedures, and under this agenda the MND plans to further expand the usage of private Especially the MND plans to minimize the personnel resources applied in non-combat areas and in turn use these supplemented personnel with optimization. In order to do this, the MND have initiated necessary appropriate analysis over the whole national defense section by understanding various projects and acquisition requests required by each militaries and civilian research institutions. However for efficient management of privatized civilian resources, first of all, those possible efficient private resources which can achieve optimization will need to be identified, and secondly continuous systematic reinforcements will need to be made in private resource usage legislations. Furthermore, we would need to consider the possibility of labor disputes because of privatization expansion. Therefore, full legal and systematic complementary measures are required in all possible issue arising areas which can affect the combat readiness posture. There is another problem of huge increase in operational expenses as reduction of standby forces are only reducing the number of soldiers and filling these numbers with more cost expensive commissioned officers. However, to overcome this problem, we would need to reduce the number of positions available for active officers and fill these positions with military reserve personnel who previously had working experiences with the related positions (thereby guaranteeing active officers re-employment after completing active service). This would in tum maintain the standards of combat readiness posture and reduce necessary financial budgets which may newly arise. The area of maintenance, supply, transportation, training & education duties which are highly efficient when using privatized resources, will need to be transformed from military management based to civilian management based system. For maintenance, this can be processed by integrating National Maintenance Support System. In order for us to undertake this procedure, we would need to develop maintenance units which are possible to be privatized and this will in turn reduce the military personnel executing job duties, improve service quality and prevent duplicate investments etc. For supply area, we will need to establish Integrated Military Logistics Center in-connection with national and civilian logistics system. This will in turn reduce the logistics time frame as well as required personnel and equipments. In terms of transportation, we will need to further expand the renting and leasing system. This will need to be executed by integrating the National Defense Transportation Information System which will in turn reduce the required personnel and financial budgets. Finally for training and education, retired military personnel can be employed as training instructors and at the military academy, further expansion in the number of civilian professors can be employed in-connection with National Defense Reformation. In other words, more active privatized civilian resources will need to be managed and used for National Defense Reformation.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.609-626
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate whether variations in hospital services utilization across small geographic areas in Korea existed, and if so, what factors are responsible for the variation. The claims data of the fiscal year 1992 obtained from the regional health insurance societies were used for the study. Main findings of the research can be summarized as follows: 1 Extremal Quotients (EQ) of hospital expenditure per capita and hospital days per capita were 2.69 and 2.73, and Coefficient of Variation (CV) were 0.14, both, respectively. The EQ and the CV of admission rate were also 2.71, 0.15. The EQ and the CV of expenditure per admission were 1.73, 0.10 and those of hospital days per admission were 1.29, 0.06. All these statistics were statistically significant and this result provides strong evidence for the existence of small area variations. 2. Comparing patterns of variation among areas, the area which showed higher utilization amounts is Chansungp'o. Koje area, whereas the areas which showed lower utilization amounts are Yongju, Changhung, Miryang, Mokp'o, Koch'ang area. 3. Multivariate analytic methods were used to examine factors related to the variation across areas. In terms of the health resource availability variables, beds per capita or physicians per capita were positively associated with all utilization indices. As for the health service market structure variables, the proportion of health care institutions operating for less than f years was positively related to the expenditure per capita, hospital days per capita and expenditure per admission. In addition the proportion of the private health care institutions also had a negative relationship with total utilization amount and admission rate and the proportion of physicians under age 40 was negatively associated with expenditure per capita and expenditure per admission. With regard to the socio-demographic characteristics, proportion of medicaid population was positively related to hospital days per capita, and percentage of paved road was positively related to hospital days per admission. As a conclusion, wide variations existed across small areas in Korea and supply factors were found to be important in explaining the variation.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2002

GIS 기술은 하루가 다르게 발전하고 있는데 비해서 GIS 기술과 활용방법을 배울 수 있는 교육환경은 매우 열악하다. 이에 따라 공공부문에서는 GIS 응용시스템의 경제적 이용가치가 낮고 산업체에서는 GIS 전문인력을 구하는데 애를 먹고 있는 실정이다. 또한 GIS 분석기술이 다양한 분야로 보편화되면서 GIS에 대한 개념과 기술을 배우려는 교육수요가 급격하게 늘어나고 있다. 이러한 배경 하에서 본 연구는 우리나라 공공과 민간 그리고 대학에서 실시되고 있는 GIS 교육의 실태를 설문조사를 통하여 분석하였다. 그리고 조사결과를 바탕으로 GIS 전문인력 양성을 위한 교육환경 개선방안을 모색하였다. 공공과 민간 대학의 열악한 교육환경을 개선하기 위해서는 무엇보다는 국가차원의 계획적 투자가 필요한 시점이다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2013

최근 들어 칩 멀티 프로세서 상의 코어 개수는 지속적으로 증가하는데 반해, 이를 효율적으로 뒷받침하기 위한 멀티 프로그래밍 혹은 멀티 쓰레딩 기법은 부족한 실정이다. 이로 인해 실제 작업을 수행하지 않는 유휴 코어가 발생하였고, 해당 코어가 소유한 자원들 중 개별 캐시 부분은 유휴 캐시로 낭비되었다. 본 논문에서는 유휴 개별 캐시의 발생이 불가피함을 인지함과 동시에 그것을 칩 내 메모리 공간으로써 효율적으로 활용할 수 있는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 유휴 캐시를 희생 캐시로 활용하는 방법이며, 이를 위해 요구되는 새로운 시스템 구성 및 캐시 일관성 프로토콜의 세부 동작을 소개한다. 본 논문에서 제시된 기법은 유휴 캐시를 사용하지 않을 때와 비교하여 4-코어 및 16-코어 기반 칩 멀티 프로세서 환경에서 각각 19.4%와 10.2%의 IPC 향상을 가져왔다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) to influence the inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase(XOase). The total phenol contents and sixteen phenolic compounds were investigated in water and ethanol extracts. In order to understand the factors responsible for the potent antioxidant and antihypertensive ability of mulberry, it has been evaluated for anti-oxidative activity using Fenton's reagent/ethyl linoleate system and for free radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical generating system. The total phenol contents and total of phenolic compounds in ethanol extract showed higher levels than water extract in mulberry fruit six phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, narigin, syringic acid, quercetin, naringenin, kampferol) has a higher individual phenolic compound content in the 60% ethanol extraction than 80% ethanol extract. The inhibitory activity on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were highest in 80% ethanol extract (9.0%). Also, activity of xanthine oxidase(XOase) inhibition appeared highest in 80% ethanol extracts and correlated well with the total phenolic content, which was modulated by the concentration of individual phenolic compounds. This result revealed, that strong biological activity was caused by specific phenol compound contents. Utilization of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit are expected to be good candidate for development into source of free radical scavengers and anti-hypertentive activity