• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.43-64
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of education expenditure children and financial support for parents on childbirth intention and, elderly life preparation. This study uses Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families data. The research subjects are married women aged between $20{\sim}45$ years old who have one child and are living with at least one parent. The analysis method includes chi-square analysis, frequency analysis, and logistic regression analysis which is suitable for presuming differences between groups and relative influence or power. As a result, the first subjective perception is that economic conditions influence childbirth intention and elderly life preparation. Second, the portion of education expenditure is a more important factor than traditional ones, such as the child's sex, the married woman's job and her income. Third, elderly life preparation is influenced by economic factors, regardless of whether they are subjective or objective factors. Finally, analyses by logistic regression analysis suggest that a decision about childbirth is influenced by education expenditure. This refer to the costs related to the child's generation. A decision about elderly life preparation is related to financial support from parents, meaning costs related to the parents's generation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.7
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• pp.59-66
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to identify a causal relationship in the career preparation behavior, parental social support, career decision making self-efficacy and the career maturity of the pre-service elementary school teachers. A total of 374 questionnaires were used for data analysis, excluding the 23 copies deemed insincere in response. To ensure the reliability and validity of the questions, technical statistics of the frequency, ratio, average, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis via PASW 18.0, item-total correlation, the totality, and the reliability analysis. The structural analysis via AMOS 7.0 in the bootstrapping method was undertaken to perform the path analysis among the variables and to assess the suitability of the model. The findings of the study led to the following conclusions: First, the causal model for the career preparation behavior, parental social support, career decision making self-efficacy, and the career maturity of the pre-service elementary school teachers is suitable to empirical analysis on research variables. Second, the career decision making self-efficacy of pre-service elementary teachers has direct effect on career preparation behavior positively. Third, parental social support of the pre-service elementary teachers has indirect effects on the career preparation behavior positively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.328-334
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• 2008

The effects of catalyst preparation on the reaction route and the mechanism of biphenol (BP) hydrogenation, which consists of a long series-reaction, were studied. Pd/C catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness method and precipitation and deposition method. The reaction behaviors of the prepared catalysts and a commercial catalyst along with the final product distributions were very different. The choice of the catalyst preparation conditions during precipitation and deposition including the temperature, pH, precursor addition rate, and reducing agent also had significant effects. The reaction behaviors of the catalysts were interpreted in terms of catalyst particle size, metal distribution, and support acidities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.386-395
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between positive psychological capital, professor support, and the career preparation behavior of college students, and to identify the factors influencing the career preparation behavior. The convenience sampling method was used on 180 students from August 30 to October 30, 2020, Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, and multiple regression. The research results showed that there were significant differences in positive psychological capital and professor support according to gender, majors, and economic levels. There were significant differences in career preparation behavior according to gender (t=3.52, p<.001), major (F=10.85, p<.001), and career decision (t=4.98, p<.001). There were significant differences in career preparation behavior according to gender, majors, and career decisions. Positive psychological capital (r=.45, p<.001) and professor support (r=.40, p<.001) showed a positive correlation with career preparation behavior. Factors influencing career preparation behavior were majors, career decisions, positive psychological capital, and the explanatory power of these factors was 32.5%. Therefore, effective career and counseling guidance should be planned to increase positive psychological capital according to the major. It is necessary to provide opportunities for exploration of various career options to enable students to select suitable careers or jobs and to set goals, and provide an environment with positive motivation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.115-120
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• 2020

This study aimed to assist the improvement of organizational commitment and the preparation of an action plan regarding support from the organization by examining the effects of organizational culture types and perceived organizational support on firefighters' organizational commitment. To this end, 205 fire-fighting officers from the northern area of Gyeonggi-do were surveyed using the purposive sampling method. The results demonstrated that among organizational culture types, the perception of group culture, rational culture, and organizational support held by firefighters had a significant influence on their organizational commitment. Based on these results, this study suggested various support plans at the organizational level for stimulating group culture and rational culture among firefighters, and improving organizational commitment.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.251-260
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• 2011

$TiO_2$- and $SiO_2$-supported $Co_3O_4$, Pt and $Co_3O_4$-Pt catalysts have been studied for CO and $C_3H_8$ oxidations at temperatures less than $250^{\circ}C$ which is a lower limit of light-off temperatures to oxidize them during emission test cycles of gasoline-fueled automotives with TWCs (three-way catalytic converters) consisting mainly of Pt, Pd and Rh. All the catalysts after appropriate activation such as calcination at $350^{\circ}C$ and reduction at $400^{\circ}C$ exhibited significant dependence on both their preparation techniques and supports upon CO oxidation at chosen temperatures. A Pt/$TiO_2$ catalyst prepared by using an ion-exchange method (IE) has much better activity for such CO oxidation because of smaller Pt nanoparticles, compared to a supported Pt obtained via an incipient wetness (IW). Supported $Co_3O_4$-only catalysts are very active for CO oxidation even at $100^{\circ}C$, but the use of $TiO_2$ as a support and the IW technique give the best performances. These effects on supports and preparation methods were indicated for $Co_3O_4$-Pt catalysts. Based on activity profiles of CO oxidation at $100^{\circ}C$ over a physical mixture of supported Pt and $Co_3O_4$ after activation under different conditions, and typical light-off temperatures of CO and unburned hydrocarbons in common TWCs as tested for $C_3H_8$ oxidation at $250^{\circ}C$ with a Pt-exchanged $SiO_2$ catalyst, this study may offer an useful approach to substitute $Co_3O_4$ for a part of platinum group metals, particularly Pt, thereby lowering the usage of the precious metals.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.485-491
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• 2021

This study examined the effects of preschool teachers' social support and mindfulness on job exhaustion. The study subjects were 138 preschool teachers in OO city. As an analysis method, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program, and multiple regression analysis was performed on the causal relationship between the variables. An examination of the effect of social support on preschool teachers on job exhaustion found that the material support factor, a sub-factor of social support, had a negative effect (-) on job exhaustion. Second, the sub-factors of mindfulness, decentered attention, and present awareness had a significant negative effect on job exhaustion. A higher the current awareness, the decentered attention of mindfulness, and the material support factor of social support perceived by preschool teachers indicated lower job exhaustion. These results provide the basic data for the preparation of measures for reducing job exhaustion of preschool teachers.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2009

Carbon nanotube supported molybdenum carbide catalysts were prepared as a function of various preparation conditions and characterized, and their catalytic activities were compared through electrochemical oxidation of methanol. To overcome the low activity of a transition metal catalyst, carbon nanotube was used as a support, and the amount and the kind of precursors, acid treatment method, and carburization temperature were varied for the catalyst preparation. ICP-AES, XRD and TEM were used for the catalyst characterization. Based on the various preparation methods of carbon nanotube supported molybdenum carbide catalysts ($Mo_2C/CNT$), the size and the amount of supported catalysts could be controlled, and their effects on the electrochemical oxidation could be explained.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.581-592
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• 2017

This study investigated the occupational experiences of social workers in child care facilities. The participants of the study were six social workers in child care facilities. This qualitative research used a Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) method that and classified the main findings into five categories and twelve sub-themes. This study revealed that child care professionals define themselves as "caregivers" and "role models." Positive effects of institutional life on a child were forming peer relationships and being able to use diverse services while negative effects included acquiring a social stigma, having problems in developing attachment between a child and a surrogate caregiver, developing passive attitude and weak will power from communal living. Meanwhile, conflicts with children and poor working conditions led to burnout for caregivers. Our recommendations on the direction of change for the facilities are: categorizing admitted children, supporting restoration of family functions, reinforcing support for children's preparation for an independent life, and developing expertise. This paper provides a better understanding of child care facilities as well as encourages further social discourse on institutionalized children in order to promote policy making and implementation.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.652-655
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• 2009

The bimodal porous carbons were synthesized by using imprinting method with templates of SBA-15 particle and silica sphere and applied as supporting materials for the electro-catalyst of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). The silica spheres with diameter size of 100 nm and SBA-15 particle having 200 nm -250 nm diameter and 700 nm -900 nm length were synthesized in this work. The bimodal porous carbons (S100) were prepared by using the silica spheres and SBA-15 as templates and mesophase pitch as a carbon source. The PtRu nanoparticle of ca. 1.9 nm were supported on the bimodal porous carbon support and the resulting PtRu/S100 catalysts was tested by the cyclic voltammetry. The use of bimodal porous carbon showed in comparable electro-catalytic activities with commercial catalyst. Though unclear effects of bimodal porosity of supports could be obtained in the scope of this study, morphological advantage in electrical conductivity can be considered on the electro-catalytic activity.