• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.180-191
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 전북지역 345명의 초등학교 교사들을 대상으로 교사들의 나트륨 영양지식, 나트륨 식행동, 저염식 태도수준을 파악하고 교사들의 식생활지도 수행과의 관계를 조사하고자 하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 나트륨에 대한 지식에 대한 총점은 16점 중 12.92점이며 '소금을 적게 섭취하면 고혈압, 심혈관 질환, 위암, 골다공증 등의 질병을 예방할 수 있다'가 가장 높은 정답률을 보였고, '신선한 야채와 과일을 많이 먹으면 다량의 칼륨이 나트륨을 몸 밖으로 배출시켜 준다'가 가장 낮은 정답률을 보였다. 조사대상자의 나트륨관련 식행동에 대한 총점은 70점 중 46.85점이며 '젓갈이나 장아찌가 식탁에 없으면 섭섭하다'가 가장 높았고, '라면, 국수 등을 먹을 때 김치를 꼭 먹는다'가 가장 낮은 점수를 보였다. 조사대상자의 저염식 태도에 대한 총점은 50점 중 33.63점이며 '염분에 대한 정보가 주어진다면 저염 식품을 선택하겠다'가 가장 높았고, '가공식품이나 스낵 속의 나트륨 함량을 확인한다'가 가장 낮은 점수를 보였다. 조사대상자의 식생활지도 수행에 대한 총점은 80점 중 59.95점이며 '학생들과 함께 급식을 한다'가 가장 잘 이루어지나 '식품영양표시를 이용하여 저나트륨 식품을 선택하도록 지도한다'와 '급식 시 학생들이 잘 접하지 않은 음식이 나오면 그 음식의 유래나 영양가 등을 학생들에게 설명해 준다'가 잘 이루어지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자의 일반적인 특성에 따른 나트륨에 대한 지식은 고혈압약 복용, 스트레스 정도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 나트륨 관련 식행동은 성별, 근무경력, BMI, 흡연, 음주, 건강에 대한 관심, 스트레스 정도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 저염식 태도는 성별, 결혼 유무, 근무경력, 음주, 운동, 건강에 대한 관심, 스트레스 정도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 식생활지도 수행은 결혼유무, 연령, 근무경력, 음주, 건강검진, 건강에 대한 관심, 스트레스 정도에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 나트륨에 대한 지식, 나트륨 섭취 식행동, 저염식 태도 및 식생활 지도 수행간의 관계는 나트륨에 대한 지식은 나트륨 섭취 식행동 (r = 0.252, p < 0.01)간에 낮은 상관관계를 보였다. 나트륨 섭취 식행동은 저염식 태도 (r = 0.319, p < 0.01)간에 낮은 상관관계를 나타냈고, 저염식 태도와 식생활 지도 수행 (r = 0.435, p < 0.01)간에는 순 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과, 전북지역 초등교사의 나트륨에 대한 지식수준과 식생활지도 수행정도는 보통수준이나 나트륨 섭취 식행동과 저염식태도는 낮은 수준으로 나타났다. 교사들의 교육경력에 따라서 나트륨관련 지식수준의 차이는 없었으나 장기근무 교사일수록 또한 본인의 건강에 대한 관심이 높을수록 나트륨 섭취 식행동, 저염식 태도 및 식생활지도 수행점수가 높았다. 그러나 고혈압약을 복용하고 있음에도 불구하고 나트륨관련 지식이 낮은 것을 볼 때 교사대상의 나트륨관련 질병 등에 대한 영양교육의 필요성이 매우 높겠다. 본 연구결과 교사들의 나트륨관련 지식과 나트륨관련 식행동 간에 낮으나 어느 정도의 상관관계가 있으므로 근무기간이 짧은 교사의 경우는 직무연수 등을 통하여 나트륨에 대한 정보를 정확하게 전달하여 교사들 스스로 올바른 식생활관리가 가능하도록 할뿐만 아니라 장기적으로 학생들의 식생활지도가 잘 이루어지도록 하여야 하겠다. 따라서 초등교사의 식생활지도 수행에 좀 더 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있도록 나트륨에 대한 지식 및 저염식 태도 등 식생활에서 실천 가능한 교육 프로그램 및 교육매체 개발 등을 위한 영양교사와의 협조체계가 필요하며 이를 위한 교육청 및 학교행정부서의 적극적인 지원이 필요하겠다.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.27-44
• /
• 2003

This study examined effects of children's emotionality, interpersonal problem solving strategies, and maternal behaviors during mother-child interaction on children's social competence as rated by teachers. Data were analyzed separately for boys and girls. A total of 102 children(60 boys, 42 girls; aged 5-6) and their mothers were studied. Children's positive and negative emotionality were related to their social competence. Positive solving strategies were positively related to boy's social competence; negative solving strategies had negative to both boy's and girl's social competence. Mother's negative affect related negatively to boy's social competence and mother's sensitivity/guidance related positively to girl's social competence. When children's emotionality and interpersonal problem solving strategies were controlled, maternal behaviors during mother-child interaction did not contribute to children's social competence.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.173-189
• /
• 2009

This study investigated contextual characteristics and developmental functions of time spent alone in early adolescence. Participants were 107 6th grade elementary school students. The Experience Sampling Method was used to measure experiences of time spent alone. Findings were that : (1) 2.6% of an early adolescents' daily waking time was involuntarily spent alone and 14.8% was voluntarily spent alone. (2) Psychological states of voluntary time spent alone were more positive than those of involuntary time spent alone, and psychological states of voluntary time spent alone were not significantly different from those of time spent with family members or friends. (3) Experiences during voluntary time spent alone were related to adjustment, suggesting that time spent alone during early adolescence contributes to positive development.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.217-224
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This comparative descriptive study was conducted to determine the effects of maternal employment on the maternal child-rearing attitude, child-rearing burden, and temperament and health related variables of their preschool children. Method: Samples were recruited in child care centers in Seoul, Daejeon, and Suwon. 209 mothers with children age of three to six participated. Result: Employed mothers showed more positive child-rearing attitude, but there was no significant difference in child-rearing burden, Also, maternal attitude and child-rearing burden were influenced by satisfaction on the employment state. Children's temperament subscales were not different in two groups. Breast feeding and compliance on vaccination were done better by unemployed mothers. However, home safety, experience of accident and hospitalization of children were not affected by maternal employment. Conclusion: Maternal employment has positive influence in some aspects. This study provides basic data for parent counseling and anticipatory guidance for employed mothers.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.45-58
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the maternal child rearing behaviors and home environmental variables related with children's self-esteem in urban and rural community. Subjects were 435 boys and girls enrolled in grade 4, 5, 6 and their mothers from five public elementary schools in Chonan city and Naju city. The instruments for the study were coopersmith's Self Esteem Inventory Korean Maternal Behavior Inventory and questionnaire on home environmental variables. The data were analyzed by Pearson's one-way ANOVA t-test and Duncan post hoc test. The major findings were as follows: 1. Children's self esteem and 'Affection' and 'Achievement' of maternal child rearing behaviors were a positive correlation. 2. Children's self esteem of urban community was higher than that of rural community. Maternal child rearing behaviors of urban community was 'Achievement' of maternal child rearing behaviors were a positive correlation. 2. Children's self e teem of urban community was higher than that of rural community. Maternal child rearing behaviors of urban community was 'Active Involvement' and that of rural community were 'Authoritaran Control', 'Overprotection' and 'Achievement' 3. There were no differences in children's self esteem with family size. 4. There were significant differences in children's self esteem with parent's educational leveland monthly family income; the higher parent's educational level and the more monthly family income the higher children's self-esteem. 5. There were also significant differences in maternal child rearing behaviors 5. There were also significant differences in maternal child rearing behaviors with 'Achievement' by parent's age monthly family income and family size in 'Reasoning Guidance' and 'Active Involvement' by parent's educational level. in 'Authoritarian Control' and 'Overprotection' by monthly family income and in 'Reasoning Guidance' and 'Authoritarian Control' by family size.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.497-502
• /
• 2014

Microfluidics can provide unique experimental tools to visualize the development of neural structures within a microscale device, which is followed by guidance of neurite growth in the axonal isolation compartment. We utilized microfluidics technology to monitor the differentiation and migration of neural cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We co-cultured hESCs with PA6 stromal cells, and isolated neural rosette-like structures, which subsequently formed neurospheres in suspension culture. Tuj1-positive neural cells, but not nestin-positive neural precursor cells (NPCs), were able to enter the microfluidics grooves (microchannels), suggesting that neural cell-migratory capacity was dependent upon neuronal differentiation stage. We also showed that bundles of axons formed and extended into the microchannels. Taken together, these results demonstrated that microfluidics technology can provide useful tools to study neurite outgrowth and axon guidance of neural cells, which are derived from human embryonic stem cells.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제50권8호
• /
• pp.65-77
• /
• 2012

This study aimed to investigate how mothers' Korean fluency and children's experiences in child-care centers influenced the communication ability of children from multi-cultural families. The subjects were 600 children from multi-cultural families who enrolled in child-care centers in Gyeonggi province, their mothers, and 350 teachers caring for these children. The data were collected by administrating a questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions. The results of this study were as follows. The mothers' Korean fluency, number of years children had attended child-care centers, and language guidance provided by child-care centers for children from multi-cultural families all had positive effects on children's general and oral communication ability. On the other hand, the number of years that the children had attended child-care centers had no significant effect on the children's written communication ability, but the mothers' Korean fluency and language guidance provided by child-care centers for children from multi-cultural families had positive effects on children's written communication ability. Finally, the mothers' Korean fluency moderated the effects of children's child-care experiences on their communication ability. Specifically, the more fluent the mothers' Korean, the stronger the effects of children's child-care experiences on their communication ability.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.295-307
• /
• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the reproductibility of eccentric mandibular movements according to preferred chewing side, range of mouth opening, type of lateral guidance and involvement of temporomandibular disorders. 50 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 65 dental students without any signs and symptoms were randomly selected for this study as the patients group and the control group, respectively. For recording and observation of eccentric mandibular movement trajectory, BioEGN$^\textregistered$ of Biopak$^\textregistered$ system (Bioresearch Inc., USA) was used. Each eccentric movement to anterior, right and left side was performed three times similar to the movement pattern for Pantronic Reproducibility Index. mandibular path was analyzed by three dimensional positional change and the three paths from one direction were compared with one another. From this, reproducibility index of one-directional lateral movement could be calculated, and total reproducibility index, named BioEGN reproducibility index(BERI), was also computed from three-directional eccentric movement likewise. BioEGN reproducibility Index could have four value of score by small or large scale, and by outgoing or incoming movement. The data were analyzed by SAS/stat program and the results obtained were as follows: 1. Right side chewing subjects showed more consistent pattern In reproducibility index in comparison between patients group and control group than left chewing subjects have done, and reproducibility was low in patients group. However, there was no difference between the two stoups in bilateral chewing subjects. 2. There were no difference in reproducibility index between preferred chewing side and contralateral side in unilateral chewing subjects whereas reproducibility index in left side on outgoing movement were higher than in right side in bilateral chewing subjects. 3. Difference in total reproducibility index(BERI) between canine guidance group and non-canine guidance group were not observed though difference in reproducibility index on lateral movement were observed in part. 4. There were no difference in reproducibility index between affected side and contralateral side in unilaterally affected patients, and between unilaterally affected patients and bilaterally affected patients in patients group. 5. Highly significant positive correlationship were shown among the four 쇼pes of total reproducibility index(BERI) in total subjects, and range of clinical mouth opening was negatively correlated with BEBI on outgoing movements and with index on outgoing movement to preferred side.

• 항공우주기술
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.117-125
• /
• 2005

관성항법유도장치는 관성센서 출력에 대한 측정 정밀도를 향상시키기 위해 자이로 및 가속도계의 아날로그 출력을 주파수로 변환해주는 AF(Analog to Frequency) 변환기를 사용한다. AF 변환기 측정 신뢰성을 보장하기 위해서는 신중한 교정절차가 결정되어야 하며, 교정절차에 의한 교정시험은 주기적으로 수행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 양ㆍ음의 입력에 대해 각각 양ㆍ음 리셋전류를 갖는 synchronous charge balance type의 AF 변환기 교정방법에 대해 다루었다. AF 변환기 교정은 AF 변환기 환산계수 오차 교정 시험과 바이어스 교정시험으로 나누어 수행되었으며, 교정 시험용 프로그램에 의해 자동으로 수행되었다.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.559-574
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop the couple relationship improvement program for college students and to examine the effects of the program based on the family of origin and attachment. Does based on Bowen's theory of differentiation of self, adult attachment, group counseling for this and establishes program goals according to systematic group counseling program development model and composed program. In order to attain like this research objective, six male and female couples attending colleges were divided into the participating group and comparison group; the students were from H University in Daejeon, Korea, and they had the experience of participating in the comprehensive group program. The changes shown by the couples were studied, and the cases were analyzed by examining the minutes and reports, which supplemented the quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the group counseling program. The analysis of the effectiveness of the program showed the following. The case showed that goals of the individuals and couples, enhancing the understanding of self and partners by understanding the self-differentiation and adult attachment while having a positive impact on understanding, acceptance, disclosure of self partner and couple relationship based on the social support of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies.