Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.2.180

Correlation analysis of sodium-related knowledge, dietary behavior, attitudes towards a low-salt diet and meal attitude guidance for elementary school teachers in Jeonbuk area  

Moon, Hyun Ok (Major of Nutrition Education, The Graduate School of Education, Chonbuk National University)
Rho, Jeong Ok (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Nutrition and Health / v.50, no.2, 2017 , pp. 180-191 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify teacher's knowledge about sodium, dietary behaviors related to sodium, attitudes towards a low-salt diet, and meal attitude guidance as well as examine the relationship between these variables. Methods: The participants were 351 teachers at an elementary school in the Jeonbuk area. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS v. 20.0. Results: The score for teachers' knowledge about sodium was 12.92 points of a possible 16, the score for dietary behavior related to sodium was 46.85 points of a possible 70, and the score for attitude towards a low-salt diet was 33.63 points of a possible 50. Their score for meal attitude guidance was 59.95 points of a possible 80. The knowledge showed significant differences by hypertension drug (p < 0.05) and stress level (p < 0.05). The dietary behavior of sodium use showed significant differences by gender (p < 0.01), work experience (p < 0.05), BMI (p < 0.01), drinking (p < 0.05), concern about health (p < 0.05), and stress level (p < 0.05). The attitude towards a low-salt diet showed significant differences by gender (p < 0.05), marital status (p < 0.05), work experience (p < 0.05), drinking (p < 0.05), concern about health (p < 0.001), and stress level (p < 0.05). Meal attitude guidance showed a significant difference by marital status (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), work experience (p < 0.001), drinking (p < 0.01), regularity of health checkup (p < 0.001), concern about health (p < 0.001), and stress level (p < 0.05). There was a low positive correlation between knowledge about sodium and dietary behavior related to sodium as well as between dietary behavior related to sodium and attitudes towards a low-salt diet. Attitudes towards a low-salt diet showed a positive correlation with meal attitude guidance. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to consider educational programs on increasing knowledge and attitudes towards a low-salt diet in teachers for improvement of meal attitude guidance activities for students.
Keywords
sodium; dietary behavior; attitude; meal attitude guidance;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 19  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kim SH, Lee KA, Yu CH, Song YS, Kim WK, Yoon HR, Kim JH, Lee JS, Kim MK. Elementary, middle and high school teachers' opinions of school foodservice programs. Korean J Nutr 2004; 37(8): 701-711.
2 Ha JY, Kim YE. The effect of early childhood teacher's nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude to their feeding behavior for children. Korean J Child Educ Care 2014; 14(4): 71-85.
3 Jung NH, Oh SH. A survey of nutrition education status of elementary school teachers in Gwangju, Jeonnam. Korean J Hum Ecol 2005; 8(3): 11-21.
4 Park JA, Chang KJ. A study on elementary school teacher's status and recognition of nutrition education in Incheon. Korean J Nutr 2004; 37(10): 928-937.
5 Yoon HS, Choi YS. Analysis of correlation among health consciousness and nutrition knowledge, dietary habits and nutrition attitudes of elementary and middle school teachers in Masan city. Korean J Nutr 2002; 35(3): 368-379.
6 Park YM, An YK. The relationship between teacher's and parent's nutrition knowledge, foodhabit, diet-guidance for early childhood and children's nutrition knowledge, foodhabit. Wonkwang J Humanit 2012; 13(1): 67-91.
7 The Korean Nutrition Society. Dietary referece intakes for Koreans. 1st rev. ed. Seoul: The Korean Nutrition Society; 2010.
8 Jeong YS, Lim HJ, Kim SB, Kim HJ, Son SM. Blood pressure and dietary related risk factors associated with high sodium intake assessed with 24-hour urine analysis for Korean adults. Korean J Community Nutr 2014; 19(6): 537-549.   DOI
9 Knorpp L, Kroke A. Salt reduction as population-based preventive measure. Part 1: need for action in Germany. Ernahrungs- Umschau 2010; 57(6): 294-300.
10 Lee SY, Shin MH, Sung MK, Paik HY, Park YK, Kim J, Sohn JW, Kim WG, Jung HJ, Ahn YO. Establishment of Korean dietary guidelines for cancer prevention. Korean J Health Promot 2011; 11(3): 129-143.
11 Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2014: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-2). Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2015.
12 Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2010: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1). Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2011.
13 Park YS, Son SM, Lim WJ, Kim SB, Chung YS. Comparison of dietary behaviors related to sodium intake by gender and age. Korean J Community Nutr 2008; 13(1): 1-12.
14 Kang MH, Yoon KS. Elementary school students' amounts of sugar, sodium, and fats exposure through intake of processed food. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2009; 38(1): 52-61.   DOI
15 Lim HJ. A study on the calcium and sodium intakes and urinary calcium excretion of preschool children in Busan. Korean J Nutr 2001; 34(7): 786-796.
16 Lee SS. The effect of taste preference on anthropometric measurements and nutrient intakes in children. Korean J Community Nutr 2001; 6(2): 130-138.
17 Kim MS, Kim HJ, Lee YE, Lee YE. Operation and perception on dietary life education and nutrition counseling of elementary school in Chungbuk province. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2013; 42(12): 2049-2067.   DOI
18 Rho JO, Lee SI, Lee JS. A study on the dietary behaviors of daycare center teachers and their meal attitude education during meal time in Jeonju area of Korea. Korean J Food Nutr 2010; 23(3): 342-351.
19 Yim J, Cho M, Yin C, Seo BK, Koh HG, Choue R. Nutrients and salt consumption of hypertension patients according to treatment status. Korean J Nutr 2005; 38(9): 706-716.
20 Lim SY. The study of elementary school teachers' awareness and knowledge of food additives and the actual condition in dietary education [dissertation]. lncheon: Gyeongin National University of Education; 2010.
21 Jung IK. A study on perception of teachers on the nutrition education in elementary school curriculum. J Korean Home Econ Educ Assoc 2005; 17(4): 73-85.
22 Jung KA. A study on the dietary habits of 5th & 6th grade students and the dietary life education by teachers: focused on the elementary schools in Chuncheon area. Korean J Culinary Res 2012; 18(3): 266-285.
23 Sherry JS. An evaluation of elementary school nutrition practices and policies in a southern Illinois county. J Sch Nurs 2008; 24(4): 222-228.   DOI
24 Yun IS, Jung SJ, Pack JE, Cha YS. A study on food habit and nutrition knowledge of elementary school teachers in Jeonbuk area. Korean J Hum Ecol 2007; 10(1): 71-80.
25 Seo GS. A study on eating habits and nutritional knowledge of secondary school teachers in Jeonbuk province [dissertation]. Jeonju: Chonbuk National University; 2006.
26 Rho JO, Kim HA. A study on the knowledge, dietary behavior related to sodium, attitudes towards a low-salt diet of adults in the Jeonbuk area. Korean J Hum Ecol 2013; 22(4): 693-705.   DOI
27 Lee KA. Pre-service elementary school teachers' eating habits, and their perceptions of eating traditional Korean foods, based on the health belief model. J Korean Pract Arts Educ 2014; 27(1): 45-65.
28 Hwang HH. Analysis of knowledge of dietary sodium, eating attitudes and eating behaviors and a salty taste assessment among elementary, middle, and high school students in Daegu [dissertation]. Daegu: Kyungpook National University; 2012.
29 Lee DH, Kim SY, Bae IO, Lee HG. Dietary behaviors related to sodium intake of the middle school students in Seoul. J Korean Living Sci Res 2010; 30(2): 16-22.
30 Shim E, Yang YJ, Yang YK. Relationship between thresholds and self-assessed preference for saltiness and sodium intake in young women. J Nutr Health 2016; 49(2): 88-98.   DOI
31 Jang JY, Kim MJ, Han JS. A study on food frequency, dietary habits and nutrition knowledge of the elderly who intake high sodium. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2009; 38(10): 1362-1372.   DOI
32 Rho JO, Choi SY. A study on the knowledge, attitudes, cancer preventive dietary behavior, and lifestyles of adults in the Jeonbuk area. Korean J Hum Ecol 2013; 22(1): 201-213.   DOI
33 Shin EK. Development and evaluation of a nutrition education program for sodium reduction based on analysis of sodium intake [dissertation]. Daegu: Kyungpook National University; 2008.
34 Chung EJ, Shim EG. Salt-related dietary behaviors and sodium intakes of university students in Gyeonggi-do. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2008; 37(5): 578-588.   DOI
35 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity. Korean Society for the Study of Obesity: fact sheet. Seoul: Korean Society for the Study of Obesity; 2010.
36 Jang MR, Hong MS, Choi BC, Han SH, Lee KA, Kim LL, Lee JH, Kim JH, Jung K. Contents of sodium and potassium for restaurant dishes in Seoul. J Food Hyg Saf 2015; 30(2): 189-195.   DOI
37 Kim HR, Kim MS, Kim MH, Son CW, Kwak ES, Heo OS, Kim MR. Analysis of sodium(Na) and Potassium(K) content of side dishes purchased from traditional and super market in Daejeon area. J East Asian Soc Diet Life 2009; 19(3): 350-355.
38 Kim MH, Min D, Jang E, Yeon JY, Kim JW, Bae YJ. Salt-related dietary attitudes, behaviors, and nutrition knowledge of university students according to estimated salt intake using urinary salt signal. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2015; 44(2): 226-233.   DOI
39 Son SM, Heo KY. Salt intake and nutritional problems in Korean. Korean J Community Nutr 2002; 7(3): 381-390.
40 Kang MJ. Dietary behavior related to salt intake of students and sodium contents in meals of university foodservice in Busan [dissertation]. Busan: Pukyong National University; 2014.
41 Chung IB, Chang N. Effects of alcohol drinking frequency and foods consumed along with alcohol on anthropometry, serum lipid levels, and blood pressure in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Korean J Nutr 2008; 41(4): 317-326.
42 Yoon HS, Choi YS, Lee KH. Nutrition knowledge, dietary habits and nutrition attitudes of elementary and middle school teachers in Masan city. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2002; 31(1): 160-169.   DOI
43 Shin KO, An CH, Hwang HJ, Choi KS, Chung KH. Effect of smoking and drinking habits on the nutrient intakes and health of middle and high school boy students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2009; 38(6): 694-708.   DOI
44 Rust P, Ekmekcioglu C. Reduction of salt intake in Europa. Ernahrungs-Umschau 2015; 62(6): 336-346.
45 Kim MK, Han JI, Chung YJ. Dietary behavior related to salty food intake of adults living in a rural area according to saline sensitivity. Korean J Nutr 2011; 44(6): 537-550.   DOI
46 Chun IA, Park J, Han MA, Choi SW, Ryu SY. The association between smoking, alcohol intake, and low-salt diet: results from the 2008 community health survey. J Korean Diet Assoc 2013; 19(3): 223-235.   DOI