• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2019

본 연구는 메조-, 마크로- 기공이 상호 연결된 계층적 다공구조를 갖는 $Fe_2O_3$ 나노섬유를 전기방사 및 후 열처리 과정을 통해 합성하였다. 구조체 내 마크로 기공은 $Fe(acac)_3$/polyacrylonitrile 연속상을 포함하는 섬유 내 분산상으로 존재하는 polystryrene을 열처리 과정 중 선택적으로 분해함으로써 생성시켰다. 또한, 전기방사 공정 동안 침투된 수분의 기화로 형성된 메조 기공은 마크로 기공과 상호연결되어 최종 계층적 다공구조를 갖는 $Fe_2O_3$ 나노섬유를 형성했다. 계층적 다공구조를 갖는 $Fe_2O_3$ 나노섬유의 초기 방전용량과 Coulombic 효율은 $1.0A\;g^{-1}$의 전류밀도에서 $1190mA\;h\;g^{-1}$, 79.2% 였으며, 1000 사이클 후의 방전 용량은 $792mA\;h\;g^{-1}$였다. 계층적 다공구조를 갖는 $Fe_2O_3$ 나노섬유는 높은 구조적 안정성과 형태학적 이점으로 인해 우수한 리튬 이온 저장 성능을 나타냈다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2018

We employed an unprecedented technique to synthesize porous $WO_3@SnO_2$ nanofibers exhibiting core-shell and fiber-in-tube configurations. Firstly, 2-methylimidazole was uniformly incorporated in as-spun nanofibers containing ammonium metatungstate hydrate and the sacrificial polymer (polyacrylonitrile). Secondly, the 2-methylimidazole on the surfaces of nanofibers was complexed with tin(II) chloride ($SnCl_2$) via simple impregnation of the as-spun nanofibers in ethanol containing tin(II) chloride dihydrate ($SnCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$). The presence of vacant p-orbitals in tin (Sn) and the nucleophilic nitrogen on the imidazole ring allowed for the reaction between $SnCl_2$ and 2-methylimidazole, forming adducts on the surfaces of the as-spun nanofibers. The calcination of these nanofibers resulted in porous $WO_3@SnO_2$ nanofibers with a higher surface area ($55.3m^2{\cdot}g^{-1}$) and a better response to 1-5 ppm of acetone than pristine $SnO_2$ NFs synthesized using a similar method. An improved response to acetone was achieved upon functionalization of the $WO_3@SnO_2$ nanofibers with catalytic palladium nanoparticles. This work demonstrates the potential application of $WO_3@SnO_2$ nanofibers as sensing layers for chemiresistive sensory devices for the detection of acetone in exhaled breath.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2014

Well-distributed ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles decorated on porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were synthesized using an electrospinning method and a reduction method for use in high-performance elctrochemical capacitors. The formation mechanisms including structural, morphological, and chemical bonding properties are demonstrated by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). To investigate the optimum amount of the Ru nanoparticles decorated on the porous CNFs, we controlled three different weight ratios (0 wt%, 20 wt%, and 40 wt%) of the Ru nanoparticles on the porous CNFs. For the case of 20 wt% Ru nanoparticles decorated on the porous CNFs, TEM results indicate that the Ru nanoparticles with ~2-4 nm size are uniformly distributed on the porous CNFs. In addition, 40 wt% Ru nanoparticles decorated on the porous CNFs exhibit agglomerated Ru nanoparticles, which causes low performance of electrodes in electrochemical capacitors. Thus, proper distribution of 20 wt% Ru nanoparticles decorated on the porous CNFs presents superior specific capacitance (~280.5 F/g at 10 mV/s) as compared to the 40 wt% Ru nanoparticles decorated on the porous CNFs and the only porous CNFs. This enhancement can be attributed to the synergistic effects of well-distributed Ru nanoparticles and porous CNF supports having high surface area.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2014

Recently, various biochip environments have been presented. In this study, a novel transparent film with porous membrane windows, which is an essential component in a co-cultured biochip environment, is fabricated using spin-coating, 3D printing, and electrospinning processes. In detail, a transparent polystyrene film was fabricated by means of the spin-coating process followed bywindow cutting, after which apolycaprolactone-chloroform solution was deposited along the window edge to introduce an adhesion layer between the PS film and the PCL nanofibers. Nanofibers were electrospun into the window region using a direct-write electrospinning method. Consequently, it was demonstrated that the fabricated window film could be used in a co-culture biochip environment.

• Carbon letters
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with diameters in the submicron and nanometer range exhibit high specific surface area, hierarchically porous structure, flexibility, and super strength which allow them to be used in the electrode materials of energy storage devices, and as hybrid-type filler in carbon fiber reinforced plastics and bone tissue scaffold. Unlike catalytic synthesis and other methods, electrospinning of various polymeric precursors followed by stabilization and carbonization has become a straightforward and convenient way to fabricate continuous CNFs. This paper is a comprehensive and brief review on the latest advances made in the development of electrospun CNFs with major focus on the promising applications accomplished by appropriately regulating the microstructural, mechanical, and electrical properties of as-spun CNFs. Additionally, the article describes the various strategies to make a variety of carbon CNFs for energy conversion and storage, catalysis, sensor, adsorption/separation, and biomedical applications. It is envisioned that electrospun CNFs will be the key materials of green science and technology through close collaborations with carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2011

상온에서 작동하는 고감도 수소 가스센서를 제조하기 위하여 Pt 촉매가 증착된 다공성 탄소나노섬유를 제조하였다. 나노섬유는 polyacrylonitrile을 탄소전구체로 하여 전기방사법을 이용하여 제조되었고, 탄소나노섬유의 제조를 위하여 열처리 공정을 거쳤다. 다음으로, 탄소나노섬유에 화학적 활성화 공정을 통하여 가스 흡착을 위한 높은 비표면적과 기공구조를 부여하였다. Pt는 수소가스에 대한 촉매효과를 위하여 스퍼터링법을 통해 다공성 탄소나노섬유에 증착되었다. 탄소나노섬유는 화학적 활성화 공정을 통해 비표면적이 $2093m^2/g$으로 100배 이상 증가하였고, 약 60 vol%의 미세기공이 부여되었다. Pt는 다공성 탄소나노섬유의 형태를 그대로 유지하면서 얇고 고르게 증착되었다. 제조된 가스센서의 반응속도와 민감도는 비표면적, 미세기공율의 증가와 Pt 증착에 의하여 증가하였다. 결과적으로 수소가스에 대한 탄소나노섬유 상온에서 감응특성은 화학적 활성화와 Pt의 촉매효과에 의하여 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.3.1-3.1
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• 2011

Nanoengineered materials with advanced architectures are critical building blocks to modulate conventional material properties or amplify interface behavior for enhanced device performance. While several techniques exist for creating one dimensional heterostructures, electrospinning has emerged as a versatile, scalable, and cost-effective method to synthesize ultra-long nanofibers with controlled diameter (a few nanometres to several micrometres) and composition. In addition, different morphologies (e.g., nano-webs, beaded or smooth cylindrical fibers, and nanoribbons) and structures (e.g., core-.shell, hollow, branched, helical and porous structures) can be readily obtained by controlling different processing parameters. Although various nanofibers including polymers, carbon, ceramics and metals have been synthesized using direct electrospinning or through post-spinning processes, limited works were reported on the compound semiconducting nanofibers because of incompatibility of precursors. In this work, we combined electrospinning and galvanic displacement reaction to demonstrate cost-effective high throughput fabrication of ultra-long hollow semiconducting chalcogen and chalcogenide nanofibers. This procedure exploits electrospinning to fabricate ultra-long sacrificial nanofibers with controlled dimensions, morphology, and crystal structures, providing a large material database to tune electrode potentials, thereby imparting control over the composition and shape of the nanostructures that evolved during galvanic displacement reaction.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2015

To improve the methanol electro-oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs), Pt electrocatalysts embedded on porous carbon nanofibers(CNFs) were synthesized by electrospinning followed by a reduction method. To fabricate the porous CNFs, we prepared three types of porous CNFs using three different amount of a styrene-co-acrylonitrile(SAN) polymer: 0.2 wt%, 0.5 wt%, and 1 wt%, respectively. A SAN polymer, which provides vacant spaces in porous CNFs, was decomposed and burn out during the carbonization. The structure and morphology of the samples were examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and their surface area were measured using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The crystallinities and chemical compositions of the samples were examined using X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties on the methanol electro-oxidation were characterized using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Pt electrocatalysts embedded on porous CNFs containing 0.5 wt% SAN polymer exhibited the improved methanol oxidation and electrocatalytic stability compared to Pt/conventional CNFs and commercial Pt/C(40 wt% Pt on Vulcan carbon, E-TEK).

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2023

In this study, carbon-coated porous nanofibers were prepared via electrospinning and the performance of Li[Ni_0.93Co_0.07]O₂ (NC) synthesized by electrospinning (E-NC) and co-precipitation (C-NC) was compared. E-NC had a discharge capacity of 206 mAh g^-1 at 0.1C (17 mA/g), which is 10% higher than that of C-NC (189.2 mAh g^-1). E-NC shows a high-rate performance of 118.32 mAh g^-1 (61.7%) at 5C (850 mA/g), which is 50% higher than that of C-NC (78.22 mAh g^-1 = 45.7%). Charge transfer of the carbon-coated porous nanofiber E-NC decreased by 35% compared to C-NC after 20 cycles as observed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results of this study show that the nanofiber structure with carbon coating shortens the Li-ion diffusion path, improves electrical conductivity, resulting in excellent rate performance.

• Carbon letters
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2013

In this study, activated carbons nanofibers (ACNFs) were prepared from polyacrylonitrile-based nanofibers by physical ($H_2O$ and $CO_2$) and chemical (KOH) activation. The surface and structural characteristics of the porous carbon were observed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Pore characteristics were investigated by $N_2$/77K adsorption isotherms. The specific surface area of the physically ACNFs was increased up to $2400m^2/g$ and the ACNFs were found to be mainly composed of micropore structures. Chemical activation using KOH produced ACNFs with high specific surface area (up to $2500m^2/g$), and the micropores were mainly found in the ACNFs. The physically and chemically ACNFs showed both mainly type I from the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry classification.