• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.549-556
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• 2007

The study was carried out to examine on the refiner discharge from Alaska pollock as a collagen resource by characterizing biochemical and functional properties of collagen. The refiner discharge from Alaska pollock surimi manufacturing was a good resource for collagen extraction according to the results of total protein, heavy metal, volatile basic nitrogen, collagen content, amino acid composition, and thermal denaturation temperature (TDT). TDT of acid soluble collagen from refiner discharge showed $20.7^{\circ}C$, which was similar to that of collagen from Alaska pollock muscle and was higher than that of collagen from Alaska pollock skin. TDT of acid-soluble collagen from refiner discharge was, however, lower than those of skin collagens from warm fish and land animal. Acid-soluble collagen from refiner discharge of Alaska pollock could be used as a functional ingredient for food and industrial applications according to the results of water and oil absorption capacities, and emulsion properties. In addition, if the thermal stability of the acid-soluble collagens is improved, collagen from refiner discharge from Alaska pollock could be more effectively used.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2009

This study was conducted to obtain the gelatin fraction with a high anti oxidative activity from Alaska pollock surimi by-products using a two-step enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration. Among gelatin hydrolysates from refiner discharge of Alaska Pollock surimi, the highest antioxidative activity (81.5%) resulted from gelatin hydrolysate sequentially treated with Pronase E and Flavourzyme each for 2 hr. However, no difference was seen in the anti oxidative activity of the second hydrolysate (Pronase E-/Flavourzyme-treated hydrolysate) when compared to the permeate fractionated through a 10-kDa membrane. The results suggest that the Pronase E-/Flavourzyme-treated hydrolysate from refiner discharge gelatin of Alaska pollock surimi can be used as a supplementary raw material for improving health functionality.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2009

Gelatin hydrolysates with a high inhibitory activity against angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) were fractionated from Alaska pollock surimi refiner discharge. The ACE-inhibitory activity, expressed as $IC_{50}$ (mg/mL), was highest (0.49 mg/mL) in gelatin hydrolysates formed by sequential 2-hr treatments of Pronase and Flavourzyme. After fractionation through four different membrane filters with molecular weight cut-offs of 3, 5, 10, and 30 kDa, the highest ACE-inhibitory activity (0.21 mg/mL) was observed with the 3-kDa filtrate.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.894-899
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• 2020

This study investigated the effects of inclusion of pollock oil (PO) in the diet of broodstock on the egg and larval quality of Walleye Pollock Gadus chalcogrammus. The experimental diet comprised of semi-moist pellets prepared either with or without PO (control; Con). The fish assigned to each diet were fed to visual satiation (two meals per day) for 12 weeks. Eggs spawned from both groups of fish were sampled during the spawning season (three months) and the egg and larval quality was determined. Total egg volume, fertilization, and hatchability of eggs from the PO group were higher than those of the Con group. Fatty acid composition of fertilized eggs was not affected by the experimental diet. Oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid content in larvae of the PO group was higher than that in larvae of the Con group. These results demonstrate the beneficial effects of including PO in the broodstock diet of Walleye Pollock, specifically on the quality of the eggs (total egg volume, fertilization, and hatchability) and larvae (fatty acid composition).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2013

This study was conducted to improve the yield of extracts from Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma head and sea tangle Laminaria japonica byproducts using various commercial enzymes, such as Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Neutrase (NH), and Protamex. Among the enzymatic hydrolysates, the yield was highest in hydrolysate incubated with NH for 4 h. NH-treated hydrolysates (NHH) also improved functional properties, such as angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryldrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, as compared to extracts from Alaska pollock head and sea tangle byproducts. Total free amino acid and taste values of NHH were 379.7 mg/100 mL and 24.03, respectively, after digestion for 4 h. These values are 2.2-fold and 1.9-fold higher compared with those of water soluble fractions extracted from Alaska pollock head and non-forming sea tangle, respectively. According to the taste value results, the major taste-active compounds among free amino acids of NHH were glutamic acid and aspartic acid. These results suggest that NHH can be used as an ingredient for natural seasoning preparation.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2019

The present study compared the sensory and physicochemical characterizations of Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma roe according to the L, M, S, 2S, KA, KB, KC, and G grades. The mean weights of the Alaska pollock roe were 81.2 g (74.1-85.7 g) in the L grade, 48.4 g (41.1-54.8 g) in the M grade, 38.6 g (33.5-45.6 g) in the S grade, 29.3 g (25.7-34.2 g) in the 2S grade, 45.7 g (41.4-50.0 g) in the KA grade, 41.4 g (37.7-46.1 g) in the KB grade, 38.3 g (36.0-42.6 g) in the KC grade, and 15.0 g (14.2-15.6 g) in the G grade. The results of the sensory (transparency, physical damage, texture, and odor) and physicochemical (moisture, amino nitrogen and volatile basic nitrogen contents, Hunter redness, and texture) evaluations revealed that, in the normal group, the quality of Alaska pollock roe was highest in the L grade followed by the M, S, and 2S grades whereas, in the cut-group order, the quality was highest in the KA grade followed by the KB, KC, and G grades. The present results suggest that the L, M, S, 2S, KA, and KB grades could be used for high-quality Alaska pollock roe products.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.334-343
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• 2019

We investigated the sanitary characteristics of Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma roe as a raw material based on the standards of several countries. The standards for raw materials of Alaska pollock roe for lead, total mercury, $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, and $^{131}I$ were those of the South Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Clostridium botulinum, methyl mercury, $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, $^{131}I$, $^{239}Pu$, and $^{90}Sr$ were those of the United States Food and Drug Administration; lead, methyl mercury, inorganic arsenic, chrome, $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, and $^{131}I$ were those of the Ministry of Agriculture of China; nitrite ion, $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, $^{239}Pu$, and $^{235}U$ were those of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan; $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, $^{131}I$, $^{239}Pu$, and $^{90}Sr$ were those of Codex; and $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, $^{131}I$, $^{239}Pu$, $^{241}Am$, and $^{90}Sr$ were those of the European Food Safety Authority. The results for the global standard items other than C. botulinum (lead, total mercury, methyl mercury, inorganic arsenic, chrome, $^{134}Cs+^{137}Cs$, and $^{131}I$, S. aureus, and Salmonella spp.) suggest that Alaska pollock roe is safe for use as a raw material.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2020

수온은 양식 대상어의 종자생산에 영향을 미치는 중요한 환경 요인이다. 본 연구는 최근 급격한 자원 감소를 보이고 있는 한해성 어종인 명태의 안정적인 종자생산을 위한 기초자료로 활용하기 위해 수온이 명태의 부화 및 초기 자어 성장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 수정란의 생존율은 5℃가 8℃와 11℃에 비하여 높게 나타났으며, 부화율은 8℃에서 가장 우수하게 나타났다. 그러나 첫 부화, 50% 부화 및 완전 부화까지의 소요 시간은 11℃가 5℃와 8℃에 비하여 빠르게 나타났다. 12주간의 사육기간 동안 자어의 생존율은 5℃가 8℃와 11℃에 비하여 높게 나타났으나, 성장은 11℃가 5℃와 8℃에 비하여 높게 나타났다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 명태 양식 기술 개발 과정 중 수산생물 병원체의 영향을 알아보고자 사육수 내 총 세균수 변화, 분포와 명태에 대한 영향을 분석하였으며, 성장 단계별 명태의 병원체(세균, 기생충 및 바이러스) 조사 및 비정상 개체 발생에 대한 원인 구명을 수행하였다. 자어 단계에서 사육수의 평균 세균수는 $2.11{\times}10^3cfu/mL$로 나타났으며, 비브리오균이 52%로 가장 높게 분포하였다. 치어 및 미성어 단계에서 사육수의 세균수는 $3.43{\times}10^3cfu/mL$(슈도모나스균 90% 분포) 그리고 성어 단계에서는 $3.2{\times}10^2cfu/mL$(슈도모나스 52%)로 나타났다. 명태 사육수 세균총의 변화는 먹이생물의 종류, 공급 및 잔류량에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 판단된다. 외관상 건강한 개체에서는 대량 폐사를 일으킬 수 있는 세균, 바이러스가 검출되지 않았으나, 일부 안구돌출, 턱 주변 조직 출혈을 보이는 비정상 개체에서 아가미 새변의 기포 형성, 각막 조직 및 맥락막 주변 조직 괴사가 관찰되었다. 특히, 병변 부위에서 검출된 세균(P. fluorescens, Vibrio sp., V. pelagius, Planococcus maritumus 그리고 Pseudoalteromonas sp.)이 사육수에도 동일하게 분포하였으며, 사육 과정 중 외상 발생 이후 2차 세균 감염이 발생할 수 있음을 시사한다. 명태의 안정적인 양식 산업화를 위한 요소로 기초 질병 데이터 구축과 더불어 지속적인 질병관리가 필요하다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2009

This study is conducted to partially purify an antioxidative peptide in a two-step gelatin hydrolysate from Alaska pollock surimi refiner discharge, which was obtained by sequential treatment with Pronase E and Flavourzyme. The two-step gelatin hydrolysate was fractionated using chromatographic methods. Based on the same protein concentration of each fraction, the antioxidative activities (85.1-95.4%) of positive fractions fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography were higher than those (27.2-87.8%) from gel filtration. Then, further purification of the positive fractions was performed. Among them, the partially purified A1C1L2G1 and A1C1L2G2 fractions showed 96.2% and 85.1% inhibition, respectively, of linoleic acid peroxidation. The A1C1L2G1 fraction was composed of 15 kinds of amino acids and the predominant amino acids were proline, glycine and alanine. The results obtained in this study suggested that the fraction partially purified through chromatographic methods from the two-step gelatin hydrolysate of Alaska pollock surimi refiner discharge could be useful as a supplementary source for improving health functionality.