• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.389-395
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• 2005

The changes of O-J-I-P transients were investigated using leaves of four subtropical plant species (Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum, Osmanthus insularis, Chloranthus glaber and Asplenium antiquum) under the natural conditions in winter, in order to select the stress indicators for diagnosing physiological states of plants under low temperature. In the O-J-I-P transients of these species, the fluorescence intensity was found to be higher in O-step and lower in P-step in winter than in summer. Particularly, the fluorescence intensity of the P-step in Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum was lower than those of other three plant species, indicating that Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum is the most sensitive to low temperature. Of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters derived from O-J-I-P transients of four subtropical plants, Fm, Fv/Fo, ABS/CS, TRo/CS, $\phi_{po}$ and $\phi_{po}/(1-\phi_{po})$ decreased significantly with the increase of Fo, Sm, N, EToICS, ETo/RC and $\psi_o/(1-\psi_o)$ depending on temperature drop in winter. Therefore, these parameters could be used as indicators for estimating low temperature stress and diagnosing physiological states of plants under the natural conditions in winter.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.18.1-18.10
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• 2016

In this study, to clarify the function of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$, in response to stress challenge, we examined the $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ expression pattern in response to external stress (pathogen-associated molecular pathogen challenge and environmental challenge including temperature and salinity). $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ expression analysis of tissue from olive flounder showed that the messenger RNA (mRNA) was predominantly expressed in the brain, heart, eye, liver, spleen, and stomach. We also tested the mRNA expression of the $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ in the spleen and kidney of olive flounder by RT-PCR and real-time PCR following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), concanavalin A (ConA), or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) and compared with the inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6 in the stimulated flounder tissues. Each of the spleen and kidney and mRNA transcripts of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ were increased 30- and 10-fold than normal tissue at 1-6 h post injection (HPI) with PolyI:C when the expression of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ transcript was similar to LPS and ConA. We also tested the expression of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ in response to temperature and salinity stress. The expression of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ also was affected by temperature and salinity stress. Our results provide clear evidence that the olive flounder $PLC-{\beta}1$ signal pathways may play a critical role in immune function at the cellular level and in inflammation reactions. In addition, $PLC-{\beta}1$ appears to act as an oxidative-stress suppressor to prevent cell damage in fish.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1984

산화이트륨의 전기전도도를 $1 {\times}10^{-5}{\sim}2 {\times}10^{-1}$atm의 산소분압과 $650{\sim}1050^{\circ}$C 의 온도에서 산소분압 및 온도의 함수로 측정하였다. 일정한 산소분압에서 측정된 전기전도도 값을 온도의 역수에 대하여 도시한 결과, 온도 의존성이 적은 영역과 큰 영역이 나타났으며, 온도 의존성이 큰 영역은 두 개의 각기 다른 결함구조를 보여주었다. 전기전도도의 산소분압 의존성은 $850{\sim}950^{\circ}C$ 에서 ${{\sigma}{\propto}Po_2}^{1/6},\;950{\sim}1050^{\circ}C$ 에서 ${{\sigma}{\propto}Po_2}^{3/16}$이며 $650{\sim}800^{\circ}C$에서 ${{\sigma}{\propto}Po_2}^{1/7.5}{\sim}{{\sigma}{\propto}Po_2}^{1/8.3}$이다. ${{\sigma}{\propto}Po_2}^{1/6}$인 영역에서의 detect는 $O_i{''}$며 ${{\sigma}{\propto}Po_2}^{3/16}$인 영역에서의 detect는 $V_M{'''}$이다. 고온영역에서의 carrier type은 electron hole이며 저온영역에서는 이온성의 기여도가 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.59-73
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to phychosomatic health status of physical therapy college mans. 130college mans analysis sex, habitation, religion, blood type, drinking, somoking by the todai health index questionaire. THI was modified front cornell medical index. Physical therapy college man showed complain score (E) Nervousness. (J) Mental irritability. (H) Impulsiveness. (F) Aggressiveness. (G) Irregular life (I), (L) Multiple subjective symtom(I), Live scale(L), (K) Depression. (C) Digestive, (A), (B) Respiratory(A), Eye and Skin(B). (D) Mouth and Anus.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2009

We introduce the notions of a left(right) ${\Gamma}$-filter in a po-${\Gamma}$-semigroups and give a characterization of a left(right) ${\Gamma}$-filter of a po-${\Gamma}$-semigroups in term of right(left) prime ${\Gamma}$-ideals.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1064-1071
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• 2022

Arabinogalactans have diverse biological properties and can be used as pharmaceutical agents. Most arabinogalactans are composed of β-(1→3)-galactan, so it is particularly important to identify β-1,3-galactanases that can selectively degrade them. In this study, a novel exo-β-1,3-galactanase, named PoGal3, was screened from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68, and hetero-expressed in P. pastoris GS115 as a soluble protein. PoGal3 belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 43 (GH43) and has a 1,356-bp gene length that encodes 451 amino acids residues. To study the enzymatic properties and substrate selectivity of PoGal3, β-1,3-galactan (AG-P-I) from larch wood arabinogalactan (LWAG) was prepared and characterized by HPLC and NMR. Using AG-P-I as substrate, purified PoGal3 exhibited an optimal pH of 5.0 and temperature of 40℃. We also discovered that Zn²⁺ had the strongest promoting effect on enzyme activity, increasing it by 28.6%. Substrate specificity suggests that PoGal3 functions as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase, with its greatest catalytic activity observed on AG-P-I. Hydrolytic products of AG-P-I are mainly composed of galactose and β-1,6-galactobiose. In addition, PoGal3 can catalyze hydrolysis of LWAG to produce galacto-oligomers. PoGal3 is the first enzyme identified as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase that can be used in building glycan blocks of crucial glycoconjugates to assess their biological functions.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1977

Rhizopus japonicus S-62에 의한 acid protease의 생산조건 및 효소의 내열성을 검사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 산성 protease의 생산에 있어 wheat bran medium에 관한 sucrose, yeast, ammonium chloride, sodium phosphate monobasic의 최적 첨가 농도는 각각 0.5%, 2.0%, 0.4%이었다. 2) 내열제로서KH$_2$PO$_4$와 NaH$_2$PO$_4$는 가장 효과적이었다. 3) 효소액에 KH$_2$PO$_4$와 NaH$_2$PO$_4$를 각각 2%씩 첨가하고 5$0^{\circ}C$에서 10분간 가열처리하였을 때 잔존청성은 다 같이 100%를 나타내었다. 4. 55$^{\circ}C$이상에서는 KH$_2$PO$_4$와 NaH$_2$PO$_4$의 과열변과는 거의 없었다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.162-166
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• 2000

KD₂PO₄ single crystals were grown from D₂O with reagent KH₂PO₄ and the crystal structure was determined by X-ray and neutron diffraction methods. The crystals are tetragonal at room temperature, I42d, with lattice parameters of a=7.4633(7), c=6.9785(5) Å and Z=4. Intensity data were collected on an Enraf-nonius CAD4 diffractometer with a graphite monochromated MoK/sub α/ radiation (λ=0.7107Å) and on the neutron four circle single crystal diffractometer with Ge(331) monochromated neutron beam (λ=0.997Å). The structure was refined by full-matrix least-square to final R and wR values of 0.030 and 0.072, respectively, for 204 observed reflections with I>2σ(I) by X-ray diffraction and to final R=0.041 and wR=0.096 for 144 observed relfecdtions by neutron diffraction. The O…O distance of 2.516(4)Å obtained by X-ray diffraction is the same as that of 2.515(4)Å by neutron diffraction. On the other hand, the O-D/H distance of 0.84(4)Å by X-ray diffraction is considerably shorter than 1.029(7) Åby neutron diffraction. Hydrogen and deuterium can be readily distinguished by neutrons. In this crystal 66% of H-positions were substituted by D and the rest 34% occupied by H. The phase transition temperature of DKDP obtained with deuteration levels is f193K. This value agrees fairly well with the result of DSC measurement. The nuclear density distribution by neutron diffraction provides an observation of the disordered state of D/H in KD₂PO₄ at room temperature.

• 수완나부미
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.107-137
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• 2015

This article utilizes interdisciplinary methods in order to critically review the existing research on the Mother Goddess of Champa: Po Inâ Nâgar. In the past, Po Inâ Nâgar has too often been portrayed as simply a "local adaptation of Uma, the wife of Śiva, who was abandoned by the Cham adapted by the Vietnamese in conjunction with their conquest of Champa." This reading of the Po Ina Nagar narrative can be derived from even the best scholarly works on the subject of the goddess, as well as a grand majority of the works produced during the period of French colonial scholarship. In this article, I argue that the adaption of the literary studies strategies of "close reading", "surface reading as materiality", and the "hermeneutics of suspicion", applied to Cham manuscripts and epigraphic evidence-in addition to mixed anthropological and historical methods-demonstrates that Po Inâ Nâgar is, rather, a Champa (or 'Cham') mother goddess, who has become known by many names, even as the Cham continue to re-assert that she is an indigenous Cham goddess in the context of a majority culture of Thành Mẫu worship.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2023

Background: To describe domain knowledge consistently and precisely, the establishment of a controlled vocabulary, a so-called ontology, is essential. Internationally, the plant ontology (PO) in the ecology field has been developed for the anatomy and developmental stages of plants in English, Spanish, and Japanese, but there is no Korean version of the PO due to a lack of knowledge on standardization for Korean plants. Objectives: We aimed to establish a Korean plant ontology with core PO architectures. Methods: The latest ontology web language (OWL)-formatted raw version of the PO was collected from the PO consortium site. A formal workflow process and OWL file-handing tools for efficient Korean content development were conducted and executed. Results: The macro- and micro-perspective frameworks of the PO were presented by analyzing the upper model and the internal OWL-leveled physical structure, respectively. We developed and validated Korean knowledge content for a total of 1,957 classes included in the PO and transplanted them into an ontology modeling system. Conclusions: A Korean plant ontology was established for international harmonization through improved compatibility and data exchangeability with multilingual environmental and ecological knowledge bases.