• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2005

The construction of house in Korea firstly has been made up quantitative supply and margin of confined land until the latest. But, residents interest of living environment, demand of high-quality has varied with the latest elevation of life quality Specially, the interest for environment-friendly architecture is increased by the recent well-being trend in 2002, So, construction company and construction materials manufacturing industry are trying to offer more healthy and agreeable indoor aerial environment. Related circles do their best to commercialize and develop environment-friendly finish materials which influence indoor aerial environment. Therefore, in this study, that developing raw material and productive system that can minimize hazardous article quality discharge with formaldehyde in development of correction of deformities board such as plywood that is used mainly by a environment-friendly materials indoor finish, and examines application possibility of construction correction of deformities board through properties of matter examination by purpose, do.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
• /
• pp.111-111
• /
• 2017

There still exist adhesives that have toxic compounds or consist of those materials in both our life and lots of industries. For instance, formaldehyde adhesive had been still used for woodworking and some medical adhesives had been considered as toxicity problems. In this situation, natural adhesives from raw materials have been suggested as an one of considerable interests. Natural adhesives in recent have been reported fabrication methods via biological materials such as proteins, celluloses, and starches. By-products derived from agricultural something have them richly and each has additional special properties. Using these properties to make natural adhesives, unique adhesives would be attained. In particular, rice-based adhesive is such a good example. Rice-based by-product adhesives have interestingly some pros pertaining to high adhesive strength, excellent water resistance and could dramatically be reduced a formaldehyde a harmful component of plywood. Hence, rice-based adhesive like glues could be applied to lots of industries including agricultural and biological technology. This review paper highlighted some recent development on natural adhesives as a promising biomaterial for agricultural and biological technology fields. The design of agricultural by-product-based natural adhesives were described to demonstrate the application of agricultural and biological technology

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.211-226
• /
• 2015

Membrane type Mark III cargo containment system (CCS) is considered in this study to investigate its strength capability under applied loads due to liquefied natural gas (LNG) cargo. A rectangular plated structure supported by inner hull structure is exemplified from Mark III CCS according to classification society's guidance and it is assumed as multi-layered structure by stacking plywood, triplex, reinforced polyurethane (PU) foam and series of mastic upon inner hull structure. Commercially available general purpose finite element analysis package is used to have reliable FE models of Mark III CCS plate. The FE models and anisotropic failure criteria such as maximum stress, Hoffman, Hill, Tsai-Wu and Hashin taking into account the direction dependent material properties of Mark III CCS plate components and their material properties considering a wide variation of temperature due to the nature of LNG together form the strength analysis procedure of Mark III CCS plate. Strength capability of Mark III CCS plate is understood by its initial failure and post-initial failure states. Results are represented in terms of failure loads and locations when initial failure and post-initial failures are occurred respectively. From the results the basic design information of Mark III CCS plate is given.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2001

Permanent-Form is one of system forms for reducing human labor, work costs, oscillation, noise, construction wastes and so on. Permanent-Form is made from precast method in facilities, and carried in construction site to assemble with no demolding. The biggest expense to produce permanent-Form is about manufacturing mold. This papers about structural efficiency evaluation, construction efficiency test. The result of this study is below. (1) In the compressive strength test of column. Fly ash specimen and polymer specimen's strength developed as each 8%, 14% to comparison with standard specimen. The reason of this result from form section area increase and form's reinforcing bar (2) The Degree of column crack in permanent form is lower than another one's The glass fiber's fiber reinforcement effect brings like this. (3) In the flexural load test of beam, the early crack load and maximum load of permanent form use specimen showed 20% higher than standard specimen's. (4) In field application experiment, an constructional error is satisfied with the allowable margin of error, $\pm$5mm (5) When the concrete is placed into the form inside, The transformation degree of permanent form is lower than plywood form's. (6) The concrete packing ability of permanent form is satisfactory. (7) The bonding strength of permanent form shows enough strength - 6kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$.

• 한국생산제조학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.414-420
• /
• 2013

Research on decreasing the weight of composite sandwich panels is in progress. This paper reports the experimental results for the mechanical behavior of a composite sandwich panel. The skins of sandwich panels were made of glass fiber sheets and plywood matrix composites. Their interior layers consisted of glass fiber pultrusion pipes and gold foam. Experimental tests were performed to obtain the mechanical properties and complex mechanical behavior. Before fatigue tests, tensile tests and 3-point bending tests were carried out to obtain the optimal design and determine their strength and failure mechanisms in the flat-wise position. After the static test, a fatigue test were conducted at a load frequency of 5 Hz, stress ratio (R) of 0.1, and endurance limit for the S-N curve. It showed that the failure modes were related to both the core design and skin failure.

• 보존과학회지
• /
• 제22권
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 박물관 내장재료, 유물포장시 사용되는 포장재료에서 나오는 실내대기오염물질로 챔버 테스트 및 오디 테스트를 실시하였다. 오디 테스트 결과 금속에 따라서 목재나 시멘트에 의해 부식되는 형태가 다르게 나타난다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 금속의 부식에 가장 많은 영향을 미친 목질제품은 18T HS(E0)와 9mm합판(F0,E0)이었으며, 시멘트는 6개월이 지난 시멘트였다. 유해가스 챔버 테스트 결과 대부분의 시편에서 부식이 관찰되었으며, 특히 포름산, 아세트산, 아세트알데히드에서 철, 구리, 청동시편의 부식이 심각하게 진행되었다. 포장재의 폭로실험에서는 저습의 조건에서 표면적으로 큰 변화가 나타나지 않으나, 고습의 조건에서는 금속 시편이 변색되거나 부식되는 현상이 나타났다.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.213-221
• /
• 2009

This study aimed at developing furniture for children by Ilgumte which is an expert manufacturer of educational equipments for school and kindergarten and the aim of this investigation is to develop the child-oriented furniture in consideration of Ilgumte's characteristic as a company composed of the disabled people, and furthermore to create a new sales market by developing own technology to improve competitive power. The current status of the child furniture in domestic and international market was researched and design concept on basis of this analysis was set, and through the designing process the new items of furniture having characteristics as follows were developed. First, the simple production way for the disabled to be able to work was selected and plywood used mainly by Ilgumte was presented as main material. Second, moving course, space and storage function were maximum considered, so that children feel convenient at using the furniture in their space, in case of playing as well as leaning. Third, natural wooden texture was mostly reflected for the emotional aspects of children and pink color played a role as partial accents. Finally, difficult production skill and expensive material were excluded for cost down.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.551-559
• /
• 2013

To investigate the adhesion effect of sodium bisulfite content in making blocked isocyanate, wood adhesive PB-1, PB-2, PB-3 and PB-4 containing sodium bisulfite content of 15%, 22.5%, 30% and 37.5% were synthesized respectively. As a result, when the amount of sodium bisulfite increased in adhesives, the tensile strength was found to be proportionally increased. The final adhesive mixtures were manufactured using a two-components system which are prepared by mixing two separate protein and BI solutions due to the precipitate in the adhesives. As PVA was added to adhesives to increase tenacity, the plywood dehiscence phenomenon after cold pressing process was declined. By addition of PVA, the tensile strength was improved up to $6.5{\sim}7kgf/cm^2$ with BI/protein ratio from 1:6 up to 1:8. Phase separation between milk fat and aqueous layer was disappeared after addition of emulsifier, Tween 20. Additon of Tween 20 showed tensile strength up to $5{\sim}6.5 kgf/cm^2$ at NCO/protein ratio of 1:12 ~ 1:14 without phase separation.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.513-521
• /
• 2013

This study aimed to examine whether heat curing methods of concrete subjected to $-10^{\circ}C$ could be effective by varying the combination of heating cable and surface heat insulations. Three different concrete specimens incorporating 30% fly ash with 50% W/B were fabricated to simulate wall, column and slab members with dimensions of $1600{\times}800{\times}200$ mm for slab, $800{\times}600{\times}200$ mm for wall and $800{\times}800{\times}800$ mm for column. For heat curing combinations, Type-1 specimens applied PE film for slab, plywood for wall and column curing. Type-2 specimens applied double layer bubble sheet (2LB) and heating coil for slab, and 50 mm styrofoam for wall and column curing. Type-3 specimen applied 2LB for slab, electrical heating mat for wall and column inside heating enclosure. The test results revealed that the temperature of Type 1 specimen dropped below $0^{\circ}C$ beginning at 48 hours after placement due to its poor heat insulating capability. Type 2 and 3 specimens maintained a temperature of around $5{\sim}10^{\circ}C$ after placement due to favorable heat insulating and thermal resistance.

• 한국가구학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.273-285
• /
• 2013

The bent wood technique has been used for making the bow, the musical instruments and the wagon wheel, The Winsor chair of England in 1730's was the first Lfurniture product by using this method. This method was spread out by Michael Thonet in Austria after the Industrial Evolution. Early making technique of Winsor chair was relatively easy, but Michael Thonet's bent chair was mass produced by the machine and launched the revolution in the industrial furniture. 20th-Century European furniture designers applied the method of layering and forming plywood to bent chairs, enhanced the function and conformability. The bent chair had a big impact on modern chair design. The bent chair has the formative beauty and convenience from the character of softness and colors of wooden materials and has been developed variously by furniture designers. This study is a new approach to use Dyed-Gathered Wood with various colors and patterns as a material of the bend wood. First, bent wood with the Dyed-Gathered Wood enhances a close texture of wooden material textures instead of coating the surface. Second, flexibility of the bent wood with the Dyed-Gathered Wood enables wood bending techniques. Lastly, the Dyed-Gathered Wood is made with relatively cheap woods, replaces expensive imported woods which cause product price rise. This method enables a material cost saving and a stable supply of material.