• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2003

This study investigated the relationship between conflict issues and resolution strategies in pretend play. Also, the relations among frequency of internal state terms, conflict resolution, and communicative strategies were examined. 704 and 5 year old preschoolers, each paired with self-chosen peer, were observed and videotaped during 20-minute play session. Findings revealed that conflict issues were associated with resolution strategies. Internal state language and communicative strategies were related with conflict resolutions in pretend play, which shared with socio-emotional ability.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine if mothers and their children used different interaction strategies depending on the interacting contexts. Sixty-five mothers and their children were observed while they interacted with each other in two contexts, that is, a free play context and a joint problem solving context. The result of this study showed that first, the mothers' strategies and their children's strategies were closely related. When the mothers used positive strategies, their children also responded with positive strategies. In contrast, when the mothers used negative strategies, their children also tended to use negative strategies. Second, the contexts which the mothers and their children interacted affected the strategies that the mothers and their children used. The mothers and the children were more likely to use positive strategies in the context of free play than in the context of the joint problem solving. This result points out the importance of free play as the context of producing a positive atmosphere where the mothers and their children interacted positively and had a good time. Suggestions for further study and implications for parents were provided.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.175-200
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• 2013

이 연구는 놀이가 영유아의 발달과 학습에서 차지하는 의미와 중요성에 비추어볼 때 교사의 문제행동지도를 놀이지도와의 관련성속에서 탐색해보는 것이 필요하다는 문제의식에 기초하여 교사의 놀이성, 놀이신념, 놀이교수효능감과 문제행동지도과의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울시와 충청남도에 근무하는 어린이집 교사 151명을 대상으로 교사의 놀이성과 문제행동지도전략, 놀이신념과 문제행동지도전략의 관계를 살펴보고, 이들 관계에 놀이교수효능감이 매개역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사 놀이성은 예방적 문제행동지도전략과 긍정적 반응 문제행동지도전략에 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 놀이신념은 예방적 문제행동지도전략과 긍정적 반응 문제행동지도전략에 정적 영향을 미쳤고, 부정적 문제행동지도전략에는 부적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째 교사의 놀이성과 놀이신념은 매개변인인 놀이교수효능감에 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 교사의 놀이교수 효능감은 놀이성과 예방적 문제행동지도전략 간의 관계, 놀이성과 긍정적 반응 문제행동지도전략 간의 관계를 매개하였다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2007

This study used qualitative methods to understand kindergarten girls' perception of block play and to devise teacher strategies for encouraging block play for girls who had not participated in block play. Results showed that girls preferred art and home-dramatic play over block play. Girls' preference not to play with blocks was based on harassment by boys and confusion about how to build with blocks and the fact that pride in block structures could not be communicated to their parents at home. Consequently, a girls-only block play area was designed with appropriate accessories along with presentation of some Polaroid pictures. Results were that girls enjoyed block play and made ingenious block structures.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.374-395
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• 2017

Users quite often experience volatile channel conditions which negatively influence multimedia transmission. HTTP adaptive streaming has emerged as a new promising technology where the video quality can be adjusted to variable network conditions. Nevertheless, the new technology does not remain without drawbacks. As it has been observed, multiple video players sharing the same network link have often problems with achieving good efficiency and stability of play-out due to a mutual interference and competition among video players. Our investigation indicates that there may be another cause for under-performance of the streamed video. In an emulated environment, we implemented three algorithms of adaptive video play-out based on bandwidth or buffer assessment. As we show, traffic generated by players employing the same or similar play-out strategies is positively correlated and synchronised (clustered), whereas traffic originated from different play-out strategies shows negative or no correlations. However, when some of the parameters of the play-out strategies are randomised, the correlation and synchronisation diminish what has a positive impact on the smoothness of the traffic and on the video quality perceived by end users. Our research shows that non-correlated traffic flows generated by play-out strategies improve efficiency and stability of streamed adaptive video.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.777-787
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• 2011

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between the day care teachers' efficacy beliefs on play and acceptability of social skills strategies for children with disabilities. 174 daycare teachers participated in this study. For this study, two instruments were used. One was the social interaction program features questionnaire (Odom et al., 1993), developed for the purpose of understanding the types of teachers' social interaction, which was modified. The other was the teachers' efficacy beliefs on play by Cho (1999) which was revised. Data was collected and analyzed by SPSS 12. The overall findings of this study were as follows. First, there was a meaningful difference in daycare teachers' acceptability of social skill strategies for disabilities children by factors. Secondly, there was a strong relationship between their acceptability and their efficacy beliefs on play. Thirdly, there was a meaningful differences between higher group and lower group of scores of teachers' efficacy belief on play in daycare teachers' acceptability of social skill strategies for disabilities children.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2003

This study examined young children's metaplay. 84 preschool subjects were videotaped as they engaged in pretend play with the same-aged peers. Dyads were identified as engaging in frequent or infrequent pretend play. Results showed that frequent pretend play dyads more engaged in request for clarification, and persuading than infrequent pretend dyads. Frequent pretend dvads were more likely to use disagreeing with reason and extending. It was concluded that developmentally useful interactions transpire outside of the pretend frame.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1169-1183
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to explore the strategy of teacher and the strategy of child in teacher-child interaction according to related variables. The participants of this research are 2 classroom teachers and their 54 5-year-old kindergarten children(27 boys and 27 girls). To collect the data, child's classroom activities were observed and videotaped using event sampling 90 times(30 times per beginning, middle, and end). Repeated test, two-way ANOVA, Scheffe test used for data analysis. The results of this research were as followed; First, over time there were differences between strategies of teacher and strategies of child during teacher-child interaction. Second, in child variables there were differences in strategies of teacher and strategies of child during teacher-child interaction according to child's gender. Third, in environment variables there were differences between strategies of teacher and strategies of child according to play rules and play areas.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.407-436
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• 2013

이 연구는 놀이 참여자들의 놀이 특징에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 놀이 틀 유지와 변화를 위한 유아의 또래관계 전략을 살피고 그 의미를 이해하기 위하여 실증적 방식을 지양하고 유아의 생활세계인 어린이집의 만 5세반 자유놀이 시간을 참여관찰 하였다. 이를 위해 2012년 3월부터 10월까지 매주 1-2회에 걸쳐 현장을 방문하였으며, 수집된 자료는 연구자의 관찰기록, 참여자 면담, 참여자 기록물 등이다. 연구결과, 유아는 놀이 틀 유지를 위해 '거절하기', '무력화시키기', '동의적 해석해주기', '놀이의 규칙 바꾸기'와 같은 전략을, 놀이 틀 변화를 위해 '이르기', '내편으로 만들기', '제 3자 받아들이기'와 같은 전략을 사용하였다. 이와 같은 놀이 틀 유지를 위한 유아의 전략들은 유아가 선택과 배제의 변증법과 경계의 떨림이라는 삶의 의미를 경험하는 존재임을 드러내었다. 이 연구는 놀이 틀 유지와 변화를 위한 유아의 구체적인 노력을 드러냄으로써 그동안 부정적인 것으로 인식되어 오던 '사회적 배척'에 대해 유아의 관점에서 이해할 수 있는 시사점을 제공한다. 또한 관련 현장의 교사들이 유아의 또래관계에 개입할 때 유아의 관점을 이해하고 보다 구체적인 개입을 할 수 있도록 도울 수 있을 것이다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed a new method for the determination of strategies that are required in a continuous optimization algorithm based on the fictitious play theory. In order to apply the fictitious play theory to continuous optimization problems, it is necessary to express continuous values of a variable in terms of discrete strategies. In this paper, we proposed a method in which all strategies contain an equal number of selected real values that are sorted in their magnitudes. For comparative analysis of the characteristics and performance of the proposed method of representing strategies with respect to the conventional method, we applied the method to the two types of benchmarking functions: separable and inseparable functions. From the experimental results, we can infer that, in the case of the separable functions, the proposed method not only outperforms but is more stable. In the case of inseparable functions, on the contrary, the performance of the optimization depends on the benchmarking functions. In particular, there is a rather strong correlation between the performance and stability regardless of the benchmarking functions.