• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.137-158
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• 1992

We study the Multiple Product Single Facility Stockout Avoidance Problem (SAP). That is the problem of determining, given initial inventories, whether there is a multiple product single facility production schedule that avoids stockouts over a given time horizon. The optimization version of the SAP where stockouts are pnelized linearly is also studied. We call this problem the Weighted Stockout Problem (WSP). Both problems are NP-hard in the strong sense. We develop Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MIP) formulations for both the SAP and the WSP. In addition, several heuristic algorithms are presented and performances are tested using computational experiments. We show that there exist polynomial algorithms for some special cases of the SAP and the WSP. We also present a method to phase into a target cyclic schedule for infinite horizon problems. These can be used as a practical scheduling tool for temporarily overloaded facilities or to reschedule production after a disruption.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2003

With the development of CNC(Computer Numerical Control) and communication technology, the connotation and functions of Distributed Numerical Control have been greatly enlarged. In this study, we develop and implement a Distributed Numerical Control system that has real time and multi-tasking operation capability for the machining cell with various NC(Numerical Control) and CNC machines. With the consideration of economy, generalization and extension, this system is interfaced with Shop Floor Control System, Machine Control System and Tool Preparation System using advanced networking method. In the implementation phase, we use the ORACLE DBMS (Database Management System) as the DBMS and Microsoft Visual C++ as the programming tools.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.10 s.89
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• pp.952-960
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• 2004

PSK(Phase Shift Keying) is useful because of the power and spectral efficient modulation. In this paper, no additional hardware will be needed to support various transmit mode in the suggested DSP scheme. We design and implement the synchronization algorithm for M-ary PSK(M=2, 4) demodulator based on DSP scheme, instead of complex analog PSK demodulator. TMS320C6203 is used as DSP. We check the all kinds of waveforms via the graph view window after software programming the emulation on the DSP tool. The result of implementation proves that demodulator using the suggested algorithm has equal performance with demodulator using analog circuits.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.280-289
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• 2002

In this work, we present a novel approach to the bit allocation problem that aims to minimize overall distortion subject to a bit rate constraint. The optimal solution can be found by the Lagrangian method with dynamic programming. However, the optimal bit allocation for block-based interframe coding is practically unattainable because of the interframe dependency of macroblocks caused by motion compensation. To reduce the computational burden while maintaining a result close to the optimum, i.e., near optimum, we propose an alternative method. First, we present a partitioned form of the bit allocation problem: a "frame-level problem" and "one-frame macroblock-level problems." We show that the solution to this new form is also the solution to the conventional bit allocation problem. Further, we propose a bit allocation algorithm using a "two-phase optimization technique" with an interframe dependency model and a rate-distortion model.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2017

We evaluated the structural, electrical and optical properties of tungsten (W)-doped $Ge_8Sb_2Te_{11}$ thin films. In a previous work, GeSbTe alloys were doped with different materials in an attempt to improve thermal stability. 200 mm thick $Ge_8Sb_2Te_{11}$ and W-doped $Ge_8Sb_2Te_{11}$ films were deposited on p-type Si (100) and glass substrates using a magnetron co-sputtering system at room temperature. The fabricated films were annealed in a furnace in the $0{\sim}400^{\circ}C$ temperature range. The structural properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (X'pert PRO, Phillips). The results showed increased crystallization temperature ($T_c$) leading to thermal stability in the amorphous state. The optical properties were analyzed using an UV-Vis-IR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, U-3501, range : 300~3,000 nm). The results showed an increase in the crystalline material optical energy band gap ($E_{op}$) and an increase in the $E_{op}$ difference (${\Delta}E_{op}$). This is a good effect to reduce memory device noise. The electrical properties were analyzed using a 4-point probe (CNT-series). This showed increased sheet resistance ($R_s$), which reduces programming current in the memory device.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.263-272
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• 2016

Modular product design has contributed to flexible product modification and development, production lead time reduction, and increasing product diversity. Modular product design aims to develop a product architecture that is composed of detachable modules. These modules are constructed by maximizing the similarity of components based on physical and functional interaction analysis among components. Accordingly, a systematic procedure for clustering the components, which is a main activity in modular product design, is proposed in this paper. The first phase in this procedure is to build a component-to-component correlation matrix by analyzing physical and functional interaction relations among the components. In the second phase, network flow modeling is applied to find clusters of components, maximizing their correlations. In the last phase, a network flow model formulated with linear programming is solved to find the clusters and to make them modular. Finally, the proposed procedure in this research and its application are illustrated with an example of modularization for a vacuum cleaner.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07c
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• pp.1091-1093
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• 1997

조류계산은 전력계통해석에서 가장 기본적인 것이다. 일반적으로 조류계산은 선로의 3상을 평형으로 간주하여 한상에 대해서만 해석하였다. 삼상조류계산의 복잡함에 비해 그 필요성은 크지 않았기 때문이었다. 한편, 80년대에 소프트웨어 위기의 대안으로 제시되었던 객체지향기법(OOP)은 객체의 효율적인 모델링을 통해 복잡하고 거대한 프로그램의 작성을 보다 용이하게 할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 논문에서는 전력계통의 콤포넌트와 그 콤포넌트로 구성된 전력계통을 모델링하였고 계산에서 사용하는 수학적 모델을 모델링하였다. 또한 본 논문에서 사용한 객체지향 언어인 C++의 큰 특징인 template을 적응하였다. 결과적으로 기존의 단상 조류계산과 삼상조류계산이 사용되는 콤포넌트의 모델이 다른 것을 제외하고는 전체적인 구조를 동일하게 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.167-173
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• 2011

This paper considers the problem of revising train departure time to reduce electric power consumption of mass rapid transit (MRT) railways. The motion of a train running between stations is divided into three phases: traction, coasting, and deceleration phases. The traction phase requires high electric power to operate MRT railways. In the coasting phase, the train moves stably by consuming little or no power. The deceleration phase is a braking mode and produces some electric power called regenerated brake power owing to inertia force for the train generated In the traction and coasting phases. The regenerative energy can be used by other accelerating trains within a specific range from the train and thereby the power consumptions of train can be reduced. We developed a mixed integer programming model to solve the problem. To validate the suggested model, a computational experiment was conducted using real data from Korea Metropolitan Subway.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 1985

분해원리(decomposition principle)은 선형계획법문제 중에서도 블록대각구조를 가진 특수 모형에 의한 해법으로 잘 알려져 있다. 그런데 일반적으로 소개되어 있는 분해원리는 변수가 비음의 조건을 가진 문제에 대한 해법이다. 블록대각 구조를 가진 선형계획법 문제는 잘 알려져 있는 바와 같이 하부구조를 가진 기관의 경영, 여러가지 종류의 사료배합 문제 등에 일어난다. 그런데 이런 문제의 대부분의 경우가 변수는 상.하한을 가지는 경우가 된다. 이 논문은 비음의 조건을 가지는 문제에 대한 분해원리를 발전시켜 이런 변수가 상.하한을 가지는 일반적인 문제를 풀 수 있도록 하고자 하는 것이다. 변수가 상.하한을 가지게 되며 우선 진입변수, 탈락변수를 결정하는 문제, 1단계(phase 1) 문제 등에 어려움이 나타난다. 이 논문은 이런 어려움들을 극복하고 나아가 주기억 공간이 제한되어 있는 소형전산기에 알맞는 계산방법을 연구하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.132-132
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• 2011

For the programming volume of PRAM, Ge2Sb2Te5(GST) thin films have been dominantly used and prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD). Among these methods, ALD is particularly considered as the most promising technique for the integration of PRAM because the ALD offers a superior conformality to PVD and CVD methods and a digital thickness control precisely to the atomic level since the film is deposited one atomic layer at a time. Meanwhile, although the IST has been already known as an optical data storage material, recently, it is known that the IST benefits multistate switching behavior, meaning that the IST-PRAM can be used for mutli-level coding, which is quite different and unique performance compared with the GST-PRAM. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate a possibility of the IST materials for the application of PRAM. So far there are many attempts to deposit the IST with MOCVD and PVD. However, it has not been reported that the IST can be deposited with the ALD method since the ALD reaction mechanism of metal organic precursors and the deposition parameters related with the ALD window are rarely known. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to demonstrate the ALD process for IST films with various precursors and the conformal filling of a nano size programming volume structure with the ALD?IST film for the integration. InSbTe (IST) thin films were deposited by ALD method with different precursors and deposition parameters and demonstrated conformal filling of the nano size programmable volume of cell structure for the integration of phase change random access memory (PRAM). The deposition rate and incubation time are 1.98 A/cycle and 25 cycle, respectively. The complete filling of nano size volume will be useful to fabricate the bottom contact type PRAM.