• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.627-651
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• 2005

This study was conducted to attain an in-depth understanding of students' mathematical representations and to present the educational implications for teaching them. Twelve mathematical tasks were developed according to the six types of problems. A task performance was executed to 151 third graders from four classes in DaeJeon and GyeongGi. We analyzed the types and forms of representations generated by them. Then, qualitative case studies were conducted on two small-groups of five from two classes in GyeongGi. We analyzed how individuals' representations became elaborated into group representation and what patterns emerged during the collaborative small-group learning. From the results, most students used more than one representation in solving a problem, but they were not fluent enough to link them to successful problem solving or to transfer correctly among them. Students refined their representations into more meaningful group representation through peer interaction, self-reflection, etc.. Teachers need to give students opportunities to think through, and choose from, various representations in problem solving. We also need the in-depth understanding and great insights into students' representations for teaching.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.756-764
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore the variables affecting the quality of hospital dietary services. The quality of hospital dietary services was investigated in two ways, which can be named by factual quality and perceived quality The variables affecting hospital dietary services were classified into two categories, $\ulcorner$organizational environment variables$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$work behavior variables$\lrcorner$. Quality readiness survey was conducted to investigate $\ulcorner$organizational environment variables$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$work behavior variables$\lrcorner$ on 225 dietitians working in dietary departments of 45 general hospitals which had more than 400 beds. $\ulcorner$Organizational environment variables$\lrcorner$ were categorized into four variable group:'organizational work design', 'organizational culture', 'department head leadership' and 'top management leadership'. $\ulcorner$Work behavior variables$\lrcorner$ were categorized into three variable group: 'individual behavior', 'peer group behavior', and 'behavior toward supervisor'. Top management leadership (p< 0.01)' in the $\ulcorner$organizational environment variables$\lrcorner$ had significant impacts on the factual quality of hospital dietary services.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.495-503
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the social competence of school-aged children according alcohol consumption by their parents. Methods: The participants were 558 5th grade elementary school students. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from September 17 to October 2 2013, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis with the SPSS PC+ 21.0 program. Results: Participants were classified into three groups according to alcohol use; Non-use parent group (52.7%), social use parent group (31.0%), and problem use parent group (16.3%). Participants whose parents were problem users had significantly lower scores on emotional awareness and expression (F=14.45, p<.001), social support (F=5.82, p=.003), and social competence (F=16.33, p<.001) compared to students in the other two groups. In school-aged children with parents who were alcohol abusers, the variables that predicted social competence was friend support (66.0%). Conclusion: These results emphasize the importance of focusing on the crucial role of peer support in the development of social competence in school-aged children of parents who abuse alcohol. Further, for these children, interventions aimed at improving social support and children's emotional awareness and expression may be most beneficial.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore experiences among undergraduate nursing students in a high-fidelity simulation education course for a semester. Method: The participants in this study were 10 nursing students in the senior classes and volunteers. Data collection was conducted using a focus group interview for 100 minutes, which was recorded on video tape. Transcribed data was analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Result: The results of this study were deduced as 4 codes and 22 themes. Study participants reported experiences due to the simulation method itself, interaction among peer group and personal experiences during high-fidelity simulation education. Additionally, experiences related to clinical application were examined. The participants indicated positive outcomes such as developing clinical judgment skills and confidence. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study supported the usability and effectiveness of a high-fidelity simulation education method in undergraduate nursing curriculum. Further studies are needed to provide more reliable and valid educational information.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.35-56
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the Childcare Adaptation Scale for Infants and Toddlers (CASIT), which is rated by teachers of Korean children. Methods: The participants consisted of 326 childcare teachers working with infants (ages 0-2 years). Content validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and item discrimination were examined using PASW 18.0 and AMOS 19.0. Results: The results of an exploratory factor analysis identified the 29-item scale and six dimensions of the scale, including group life adaptation, negative behaviors, positive affect, regular routines, activity/interest, and peer interaction. Convergent validity was examined via confirmatory factor analysis, average variation extracted (AVE), and construct reliability, and acceptable evidences of convergent validity was established. The scales were shown to be highly consistent internally and among raters. Also, the mean between the upper group and lower group of each item regarding item discrimination showed a significant difference. Conclusion: It was concluded that the CASIT, which is a quick and convenient tool for teachers to use, is a valid and reliable instrument.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.868-878
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to test the effectiveness of an 8 session intervention program to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among at-risk prostitutes. Method: An experimental research design was employed. Subjects were 59 prostitutes (29 in the control group and 30 in the experimental group) who agreed to participate in this study. An STD Prevention Framework derived from Cox's Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior guided the overall intervention and the components. The intervention had 8 sessions with STD-prevention strategies and was led by Public Health Nurses. Analysis included change scores, $x^2$-test, and t-test. Result: The results revealed significant increase in feelings and skills of condom use, peer belief on condom use, condom use practice, and satisfaction with service at public health centers (PHC) on STDs knowledge and skills in the experimental group. However, newly contracted STDs were not significant statistically between groups. Conclusion: The 8 session STDs prevention program showed a effect on emotions, skills and' behaviors of condom use even with the limitation of methodological rigors because of subject-specific conditions. In the future, a capacity-building model based on collaborating networks among community-based organizations will be needed to develop in effective STDs prevention.

• 아동학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.1-15
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• 1982

I. Objectives This study was done to analyze and evaluate the attitudes of the working mothers toward the care of infants in group settings. II. Method and Procedures 1. Standardized questionnaire were sent out to look into the following: 1) the attitude of working mothers, who have infants below 4 years of age, regarding their job, care-taker and group settings. 2) the status of taking care of their infants 2. Subjects Women teachers of Seoul and Kyung Ki primary school districts, who have infants below age 4. The selection of these subjects were done by random sampling. III. Results 1. Attitudes regarding their jobs: The first reason for retaining their jobs are for financial reasons; whereas, their intents of self-actualization and contributions to society comes next. 2. The Status of Caretakers 60.7% of the care-takers are family-related members, and 38.3% are not. The educational level of caretakers are as follows, with 19.6% of the caretakers without any formal education, 44% with primary education, and 18.7% having high school education. The reasons for the dissatisfaction by the caretakers are low education, a frequent change of caretaker, and an attitude without affection. The cost of child caring is high, the main reason being the heavy expense spent on the caretakers. 3. Attitudes of care in group settings: 85.9% of the subjects responded with positive reactions for the necessity of having group-settings. The reasons given for the importance of having a group setting are early experience, social interaction with peer group and educational functioning, in addition to protective care. They desire for a family-style care which can raise infants under high quality of care.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.91-112
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• 2009

본 연구는 유아교육기관 교육활동에서의 집단형태에 따른 유아의 참여행동과 교사의 언어를 관찰하였다. 연구대상은 대전시 소재 유치원의 만 5세 2학급 유아 45명과 각 학급 담임이었고, 4주 동안 시간표집법에 의한 16회 관찰을 통해, 활동 집단 형태와 유아의 참여행동 및 교사의 언어를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 교사주도 대집단 활동과 구조화된 활동내용이 많았다. 유아 참여는 대집단활동에서 일방적 응시행동이 많았고 교사의 설명하기가 높게 나타났다. 자유선택활동 또래 간 소집단에서의 유아의 참여는 적극적 반응행동이 높게 나타났으며, 교사의 언어는 칭찬과 인정하기의 빈도가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 중심으로 일과 구성에 나타난 교육활동의 집단형태 운영와 유아의 참여행동 및 교사의 언어 사용에 대해 논의하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.161-177
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• 2020

본 연구는 고등학생을 대상으로 실험집단과 비교집단을 구성하고, 일대다(一對多) 튜토링 협동학습을 실시하였다. 집단 간 점수 차이와 집단별 사전·사후 점수 차이에 대한 유의성 검증은 비모수 통계기법을 사용하였으며, 학생들의 정의적 영역을 살펴보기 위하여 개방형 설문조사 2회와 개별 면담하였다. 실험집단과 비교집단 간 점수 차이는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았지만, 세 집단의 사전·사후 수학 점수 차이 검증 결과는 실험집단만 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 그리고 학생교사는 일반학생을 가르치는 동안 자신을 성찰하고 자기효능감이 향상되었으며, 일반학생은 학생교사에게 도움을 받음으로써 수업에 대한 재미와 관심을 더 두게 되고 자신감이 향상되었다. 수학 교과 역량 측면은 의사소통, 문제해결, 추론, 태도 및 실천 역량이 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.353-363
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 4개 소집단의 학생간 토론 양상을 조사하였다. 소집단 토론 과정에서 나타나는 언어적 상호작용을 녹음 및 녹화한 후, 기록 원고를 작성하고, 분석하였다. 개별 진술, 상호작용 단위, 에피소드 수준의 분류들을 개발하였다. 개별 진술 분석에서 학생들의 이전 성취도와 지식 구성 과정 기여도 사이에는 뚜렷한 관계가 없었다. 상호작용 단위 분석에서는 부분 참여형 상호작용과 대칭적 상호작용이 상대적으로 많이 발견되어 학생간의 상호작용이 부분적이고 피상적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 에피소드 분석에서는 제시된 의견의 수용이나 부분적인 정교화 유형이 가장 흔히 나타났고, 변증법적인 대화는 드물었다.