• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.214-228
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• 2022

The yield criterion, or called yield function, plays an important role in the study of plastic working of a sheet because it governs the plastic deformation properties of the sheet during plastic forming process. In this paper, we propose a novel anisotropic yield function useful for describing the plastic behavior of various anisotropic sheets. The proposed yield function includes the anisotropic version of the second stress invariant J₂ and the third stress invariant J₃. The anisotropic yield function newly proposed in this study is as follows. F(J₂)+ αG(J₃)+ βH (J₂ × J₃) = k^m The proposed yield function well explains the anisotropic plastic behavior of various sheets by introducing the parameters α and β, and also exhibits both symmetrical and asymmetrical yield surfaces. The parameters included in the proposed model are determined through an optimization algorithm from uniaxial and biaxial experimental data under proportional loading path. In this study, the validity of the proposed anisotropic yield function was verified by comparing the yield surface shape, normalized uniaxial yield stress value, and Lankford's anisotropic coefficient R-value derived with the experimental results. Application for the proposed anisotropic yield function to aluminum sheet shows symmetrical yielding behavior and to pure titanium sheet shows asymmetric yielding behavior, it was shown that the yield curve and yield behavior of various types of sheet materials can be predicted reasonably by using the proposed new yield anisotropic function.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.463-476
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• 2021

This study examined significant differences in the impact of workplace bullying on emotional depletion and organizational commitment, and used 400 questionnaires to examine whether there would be significant differences depending on social support. As an analysis method, we used SPSS 24 for sample characteristics, SmartPLS 3 statistical programs for verifiable factor analysis, reliability and validity, path analysis, and structural equation models. Studies have shown that bullying in the workplace affects significant positive (+) for emotional depletion, and that emotional depletion affects significant negative (-) for tissue commitment. The influence relationship between workplace bullying and tissue commitment was partially mediated in the direction of wealth (-), and the effect of emotional depletion on tissue immersion was shown to be significant differences in the control of social support. Implications are that bullying in the workplace affects emotional depletion, so corporate efforts to prevent bullying are urgently needed, suggesting that employees can improve their organizational commitment, by using a system or community that can promote communication with their bosses.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to look at the precise direction and magnitude of cultural elements such as education, gender, power distance, and risk-taking proclivity on ethical decision-making. Data was collected from 194 interviewees in three groups: general business students, accounting major students, and professional auditors in Vietnam. The path analysis is used to test the impact of cultural factors on ethical awareness, ethical judgment, and ethical intention in different dubious scenarios at the personal level as independent variables, intermediate variables, and moderating variables. The metric is the percentage of respondents who believe a particular behavior is unethical based on a set of ethical principles. The researchers used SPSS AMOS software to conduct a confirmatory factor survey to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of latent variables. The results show differences between the two groups of students and professionals on these measures, suggesting that all of the four factors have an effect on ethical decision-making. Based on research results, some recommendations are proposed related to the four factors to improve the ethics of future generations of auditors in Vietnam. This study also contributes to the theory of culture in particular and cultural interference in general in the field of accounting-auditing in Vietnam in the process of international integration.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.481-490
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• 2022

The influence of the food value consumption type of MZ generation on food choice attribute and sustainable food consumption behavior was studied using structural equation modeling. A survey was conducted on April 11~17, 2022, among panels aged 20 to 39. A total of 350 valid replicates (100%) were analyzed using statistical program SPSS The validity of the measurement instrument was verified through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The data reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The hypothesis was verified by performing path analysis through structural equation modeling using AMOS. Regarding the influence of food choice characteristics on sustainable food consumption behavior, health has a significant positive (+) effect on the selection consumption behavior of certified food and local food. Among food value consumption categories social value consumption has a significant negative (-) influence on the consumption behavior of certified food and the choice of local food. Ethical value consumption has a significant positive (+) influence on the selection consumption behavior of certified food and local food. This study is significant because it has identified sustainable food consumption behaviors that domestic consumers can adopt daily. It can use as baseline data for preparing political and institutional measures.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 2021

Ultrasonic Nanocrystal Surface Modification (UNSM) is a peening technology that generates elastic-plastic deformation on the material surface to which a static load of a air compressor and a dynamic load of ultrasonic vibration energy are applied by striking the material surface with a strike pin. In the UNSM-treated material, the structure of the surface layer is modified into a nano-crystal structure and compressive residual stress occurs. When UNSM is applied to welds in a reactor coolant system where PWSCC can occur, it has the effect of relieving tensile residual stress in the weld and thus suppressing crack initiation and propagation. In order to quantitatively evaluate the compressive residual stress generated by UNSM, many finite element studies have been conducted. In existing studies, single-path UNSM or UNSM in a limited area has been simulated due to excessive computing time and analysis convergence problems. However, it is difficult to accurately calculate the compressive residual stress generated by the actual UNSM under these limited conditions. Therefore, in this study, a minimum finite element peening analysis area that can reliably calculate the compressive residual stress is proposed. To confirm the validity of the proposed analysis area, the compressive residual stress obtained from the experiment are compared with finite element analysis results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.2_2
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• pp.327-332
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• 2023

As interest in eco-friendly and fuel-efficient electric vehicles has increased globally, there has also been a growing interest in the efficiency, vibration, and noise of motors for electric vehicles Electric vehicles generally have significantly lower driving ranges per charge compared to the maximum driving range per fueling of internal combustion engine vehicles. Additionally, there are issues with various vibrations and noise generated by the motor that can cause discomfort for passengers. Therefore, research is necessary to reduce losses, vibration, and noise of the motor to improve the driving range of electric vehicles. IPMSM with a purchased design can obtain additional reluctance torque by utilizing the difference in inductance between the d and q axes. However, due to this reluctance torque, torque ripple occurs larger than other motors. The increase in torque ripple also increases noise and vibration. Since the reluctance torque, which is the main cause of torque ripple, is determined by the shape of the motor components, torque ripple can be reduced through shape optimization. In this paper, a rotor shape for reducing torque ripple and core loss that causes vibration, noise, and efficiency to decrease of IPMSM for electric vehicles was proposed. Optimization design was carried out by changing the shape of the q-axis path of the rotor to reduce the difference in inductance of the d and q-axis of the rotor. Finally, in order to verify the validity of the design variables derived through the optimal design, the original model and the improved model were compared through the FEM. Compared to the original model, the improved model's torque verifying ripple was reduced by about 62% and core loss was reduced by about 29%, the superiority of the improved model.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1672-1678
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• 2022

In this paper, the relay antenna was designed in consideration of the performance of the 28GHz band 5G mobile communication relay horn antenna, such as radiation pattern and return loss. A horn array for 5G mobile communication repeater was designed by arranging the antenna elements in phase, and the performance was analyzed. Unlike conventional WCDMA (3G) and LTE (4G), in millimeter wave band communication, high path loss occurs between transmission and reception. In the design of a 5G millimeter wave horn antenna, antenna performance such as isolation and gain between antenna elements as well as gain and bandwidth of the antenna must be additionally considered. The antenna gain of the single horn antenna (1×1) and the array horn antenna (2×4) in the 28GHz band is about 10.44d Bi and 19.58dBi, respectively, and the return loss is designed to be less than -18dB. It has proven its validity and has been shown to be suitable for application to 5G mobile communication relay system.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6D
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• pp.561-567
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• 2010

Recently, several number of Multi-Intermodal Transfer Center are nominated to improve convenience of public transportation user. Due to budget constraints, it should be defined which is the first consideration among the discussed many works. In this circumstance, there are some absurdities in the evaluation of validity of existing methods. Therefore, we suggested the Priority Order Valuation for Multi-Intermodal Transfer Centerer. The evaluation method, we suggested, is considered quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. In this study, we find out that B/C ratio and construction costs are strongly related to the quantitative analysis so that Multi-Intermodal Transfer Centers in metropolitan area are evaluated the positive results. Therefore, both quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis are applied to the Priority Order, metropolitan area and other area are fairly evaluated the results for the Priority Order.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.135-169
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• 2011

This study is for analyzing the management performances of Korean tourism firms, operating as preparing strategically against FTA which is one of the most importantly external environment in international management since in the middle of 1990s. The main purpose is to test empirically some relations between the management performances and the levels of ownership-specifics advantages of Korean tourism ones. To be exact, the dependent variables of management performances are classified with sales, profits and management satisfaction, while the independent ones of the competitive advantages are sorted with the 5 following factors like marketing, product development, service supply, finance and organization culture. The survey of Korean tourism enterprises engaging in management activities in Korea is implemented by collecting questionnaires. And for testing the hypothesis, the analyzing tools are being used for correlation, reliability, validity, multi regression and the path analysis of structural equation modeling. As a result, Marketing is certified as only common factor to influence three dependent variables of sales, profit and management satisfaction positively.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.175-194
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the locomotion orientation on salespeople' sales performance with the mediating effect of selling behavior(adaptive selling behavior, SOCO). And we figure out the relationship between customer-oriented selling behavior and adaptive selling behavior because those relationships are not clear. The authors infer research hypotheses based on literature review. We have confirmed the reliability and validity test and those results can be acceptable. Hypotheses test were conducted with structural equation modeling, AMOS. All paths in the research model reasoned by authors have been supported statistically at the significant level. This study with the theoretical implications is as follows. First, this study is the first attempt to investigate the path between locomotion orientation and adaptive selling behavior and SOCO. Secondly, there is an empirical conflict between our study and Franke and Park(2006)'s study. Our study was contradictory to Franke and Park(2006)'s consequences. And so, figuring out clearly those causal paths remains. This study with practical implications are as follows. First of all, the salespeople' selling performance was affected by adaptive selling behavior, customer-oriented selling behavior, and sales-oriented activities, such as the importance of selling behavior once again proven. It is necessary to enhance the capabilities that can be transformed into action appropriate to the needs of customers each sales step-by-step in the process of salespeople for various system through education and incentives, and to interact with customers and understand their customers relative to salespeople will. In order to enhance adaptive selling behavior, the company needs to do educational program and monitoring system with the positional promotion when salespeople get the high adaptive selling behavior. Secondly, the locomotion orientation of the salespeople is to cause this selling behavior. Management style to increase locomotion orientation is needed, which means, salespeople' superior about something should be conducted. In order to stimulate the selling behavior of the salespeople, most supervisors should use some managerial tools such as feedback, engagement, and rewards.