• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.23 no.A
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• pp.35-39
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• 2003

There are many kinds of electronic ballast for various kinks of fluorescent lamps. The PFC(Power Factor Correction) circuit in electronic ballast is classified in two types. One is the active PFC and the other is the passive PFC circuit. The active type PFC is higher than the passive type, but the cost of the passive type is cheaper than the active type. In this study, we introduced the modified passive PFC method which is called semi-boost PFC, and then we analyzed and experimented the electronic ballast which is composed of the semi-boost PFC, half-bridge, and LCC resonant tank. Experimental results showed that the $$PF{\geq_-}0.98$$, $$CF{\leq_-}1.4$$ and input current $THD{\approx}15%$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.419-426
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• 2002

In this study, the steel strip reinforcement bolted with braced angles is displayed skin friction resistance as well as passive resistance through existing the steel strip reinforcement. To understand pullout behavior characteristics, friction effects between soil and reinforcement are evaluated with the width of reinforcement, magnitude of surcharge, and existence of passive resistance member through laboratory pullout test. To analyze interference effects for passive resistance member, various tests are carried on case that the number, the location, and the spacing of braced angles are different. Using this test result, pullout resistance factor is calculated to consider location of braced angles and degree of interference for spacing ratio.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2005

Purpose: This study aimed to find out the fact that the empowerment would effect on the job satisfaction with priority given to followership style. Method: The subject of this study were 465 nurses who were employed at 3 general hospital in one university. The data were collected through questionnaires survey of empowerment and job satisfaction, followership style from 26 April to 4 May 2004. Result: The empowerment explained 52% of the job satisfaction. The critical factor were 'Opportunity' and 'Resource'. The followership style were Exemplary followers, Pragmatist followers and Passive followers that the empowerment significantly influenced on the job satisfaction. 1) Exemplary followers, The empowerment explained 69% of the job satisfaction. The critical factor were 'Resource' and 'Support'. 2) Pragmatist followers, The empowerment explained 43% of the job satisfaction. The critical factor were 'Resource' and 'Opportunity'. 3) Passive followers, The empowerment explained 36% of the job satisfaction. The critical factor was the only 'Support'. Conculsions: The empowerment was ascertained to influence on job satisfaction. And It differed the critical factor of empowerment according to followership style. Therefore, Organizational manager must take into account followership style when develope the strategy for organizational effectiveness.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.509-516
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• 2004

High-performance Si integrated passive process was developed using thick oxidation process and Cu-BCB process. This passive process leads to low-cost and high-quality RF module with a small form factor. The fabricated spiral inductor with 225 um inner diameter and 2.5 turns showed the inductance of 2.7 nH and the quality factor more than 30 in the frequency region of 1 ㎓ and above. Also WLCSP-type integrated passive devices were fabricated using the high-performance spiral inductors. The fabricated low pass filter had a parallel-resonance circuit inside the spiral inductor to suppress 2nd harmonics and showed about 0.5 ㏈ insertion loss at 2.45 ㎓. And also the high/low-pass balun had the insertion loss less than 0.5 ㏈ and the phase difference of 182 degrees at 2.45 ㎓.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.253-264
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• 2024

Objectives: This study investigated the association between eating habits and the utilization of dietary supplements (DSs) according to food-related lifestyle (FRL) among Korean adults. Methods: This study included a total of 300 participants (150 men and 150 women) in their 20s to 60s living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. We identified two groups by factor and cluster analysis: an 'active pursuit' group and a 'passive pursuit' group. Differences in eating habits and DS utilization between the two groups were analyzed by chi-square test and t-test. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of variables on DS consumption according to FRL. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, alcohol drinking frequency, total dietary score, change in DS consumption after coronavirus disease 2019, and current DS consumption (P < 0.05). The proportion who perceived many health benefits of DSs was higher in the 'active pursuit' group than in the 'passive pursuit' group (P = 0.003). The most commonly consumed type of DSs was multivitamins & minerals for the 'active pursuit' group, and omega-3 fatty acids for the 'passive pursuit' group. The 'an active pursuit' group consumed DSs 2.93 times more (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-5.97) compared to the 'passive pursuit' group, after adjusting for confounders. In the 'active pursuit' group, the health pursuit (odds ratio [OR] = 6.54, 95% CI: 1.44-29.61) and rational consumption pursuit factors (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08-0.83) were associated with DS consumption, whereas only the health pursuit factor had a significant association (OR = 5.37, 95% CI: 2.08-13.88) within the 'passive pursuit' group. However, total dietary score and DSs consumption did not show a relationship. Conclusions: By understanding the consumption characteristics of DSs according to FRL, this can serve as basic data necessary for promoting health through the utilization of DSs and healthy behaviors.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.801-813
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• 2017

Passive force acting on the kicker block used to support a raker is different dependent on soil's type. The passive force incorporating a factor of safety is considered for design of the retaining wall. However, an actual passive force developing on the kicker block is overestimated and it may lead to an unsafe design. In this study, the actual passive forces acting on the kicker block in soil ground are evaluated using 3-D Finite Element Program, PLAXIS. Soft and weathered soils are selected as a soil ground. The relation curves between horizontal displacement and actual passive force of the kicker block for each soil ground are obtained through numerical analyses. From the curves, the actual passive forces are determined as a yielding point, which are about 55.5% and 66% of Rankine's passive forces in soft and weathered soils, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.671-685
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Coping Scale for Infertility-Women (CSI-W). Methods: The initial items were based on an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with seven infertile women. Forty-three items were derived from a pilot survey. Data were collected from 216 women who had experienced intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) more than once. The data were analyzed to verify the reliability and validity of the scale. Results: Seven factors containing 28 items (four factors containing 17 items for active coping and three factors containing 11 items for passive coping) were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis to verify the construct validity. The four factors of active coping were confrontation, self-control, seeking social support (spouse), and seeking social support (colleagues and experts). The three factors of passive coping were distancing, escape, and avoidance. These items were verified through convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (active coping: Cronbach's α = .78; passive coping: Cronbach's α = .81). Conclusion: As its validity and reliability have been verified through various methods, the CSI-W can contribute to assessing the coping strategies of infertile women.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.361-369
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• 2015

For the research object of this study 112 university shooting athletes, registered with Korea Shooting Federation in 2014, have been selected. Statistics processing was carried out through SPSS 16.0 and AMOS 7.0. The following results were obtained by analysis of frequency, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation model analysis to serve it's purpose. First, task orientation had passive influence on self-management. Second, task orientation and ego-orientation had passive influence on perceived exercise performance. Third, self-management had passive influence on perceived exercise performance.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.391-395
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• 2006

In this paper, radiometric calibration of a FTIR spectrometer for passive remote sensing application was introduced and verified. Radiometric calibration is a significant signal processing procedure to retrieve the object radiance from the measured spectrum. The object radiance is measured and registered distorted by the detector's responsivity dependent on wavelength and instrument self-emission. Radiance of two temperature points, hot temperature and cold temperature, from a well-controlled blackbody was measured and used to obtain the scale factor and offset factor which are required for radiometric calibration. For gas phase C2H5OH. radiometric calibration was done and verified through comparison of its emission line width and intensity with the standard spectrum.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.5-15
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• 2023

The evaluation of passive earth pressure plays a crucial role in the design of earth-retaining structures such as retaining walls and temporary earth-retaining walls to withstand horizontal earth pressure. In the earth pressure theory, active and passive earth pressures represent the earth pressures at the limit state, where the wall displacement reaches the maximum allowed displacement. In the design of earth-retaining structures, the passive earth pressure is considered as the resisting force. In this context, the limit displacement at which passive earth pressure occurs is significantly greater than that associated with the active earth pressure. Therefore, it is irrational to apply this displacement directly to the calculation of passive earth pressure. Instead, it is necessary to consider the mobilized passive earth pressure exerted at the allowable horizontal displacement to evaluate the structural stability. This study proposes an allowable wall displacement, denoted as 0.002 H (where H represents the excavation depth), based on a literature review that focuses on sandy soils. To calculate the mobilized passive earth pressure from the wall displacement, a semi-empirical equation is proposed. By analyzing the obtained data on mobilized passive earth pressure, a reduction factor applicable to Rankine's passive earth pressure is proposed for practical application in sandy soils under different wall movement types.