• Journal of English Language & Literature
• /
• v.56 no.2
• /
• pp.357-382
• /
• 2010

Motherhood as an ideological construction has been regarded as an oppressing apparatus enforced by patriarchism. On the one hand, demystifying motherhood helps expose dehumanization of women, and accordingly liberate women from being an ideal mother. On the other hand, however, feminists' attempts to unearth the distorted images of mothers result in devaluation of such values as love and sacrifice attached to motherhood. "Tell Me a Riddle" by Tillie Olsen, who is a declared socialist as well as a feminist, occupies a significant position in a sense that it neither condemns motherhood as evil nor idealizes it. Through the main character, Eva, it examines the meaning of motherhood in a way that a real mother experiences it in a real life, and thus Olsen challenges the readers to ponder upon the mothers' dilemma: a conflict between a desire for self-fulfillment and sacrifice for others. Eva, a mother of seven grown-up children, and now dying, shows an ambivalent attitude toward motherhood. She realizes that she is a victim of idealized motherhood in that, toward the end of her life, she feels uncomfortable accepting her personal desires as they are. Yet at the same time, she appreciates her experiences as a mother in that she could consume her passion for the ideals as she has spent her youth working toward, trying to construct an idealistic socialist country. Eva's real ideal, as a human being, is to live "with" others, not just "for" others. In other words, she does not want to allow herself to live only for others in the name of the mother because she does not have any alternatives to do otherwise. Rather, she desires to live a life of voluntary sacrifice and love. In this way, through Eva, Olsen tries to help us to construct a community where we--not just mothers-can live "with" others.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2021.04a
• /
• pp.39-39
• /
• 2021

지구온난화에 따른 기후변화로 과거에는 재배되지 않았던 아열대 작물의 국내재배가 확대되고 있다. 백향과(Passiflora edulis Sims)는 브라질 남부지역이 원산지인 아열대작물로 국내에서도 전국적으로 재배가 되고 있어서, 국내 재배현황과 재배농가의 관리기술 실태를 조사하여 재배 애로사항 및 발전과제를 도출코져 하였다. 백향과의 국내 재배는 2010년부터 시작되어 2017년에는 201농가 54.7ha로 정점을 이루고, 점차 감소하여 2019년에는 156농가 36.5ha에서 재배되고 있다. 재배농가가 많았던 지역은 남원, 담양, 화순, 김천, 고창 등 이었다. 백향과의 재배체계는 대부분의 농가가 비닐하우스 시설에서 겨울철 난방에 의한 다년 재배로 1년 2회 수확하고 있으며, 극히 일부농가는 1년 재배체계로 매년 묘목을 다시 심는 형태이다. 백향과의 국내 육성품종은 없으며, 외국에서 도입한 자색종 또는 교잡종을 주로 재배하고 있다. 현재 국립종자원에 '일반종', '타이농1하오', '황금' 3품종이 생산/수입 판매 신고되어 있다. 초기에 도입한 접목묘를 재배하면서 국내에서 삽목묘를 육성하여 많은 농가가 재배하고 있다. 백향과는 덩굴성이기 때문에 지주를 설치하여 재배하는데 재식거리, 수형, 가지유인 등을 농가별로 다양한 방법으로 하고 있는 실정이다. 개화기에 인공수분 작업이 필요하고, 수확은 과일이 성숙하여 저절로 낙과하면 주어서 수확한 과일은 주로 생과로 판매하는데 전화 및 인터넷 주문에 의한 직거래가 가장 많고, 일부 마트 및 로컬푸드에 판매하고 있다. 국내재배 안전성 향상을 위하여 필요시 되는 기술개발 과제는 적응 품종육성 및 무병묘 생산 보급, 고품질 백향과 생산을 위한 재배관리 기술, 시설재배 환경관리 기술, 소비 증대를 위한 가공 이용 기술 개발 등으로 전문기관에서의 연구개발이 필요하다.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 2023

In this paper, we examine the roles, mutual relationships, and guidelines for a healthy life as exemplified by the characters Santiago and Manolin in Ernest Hemingway's novel "The Old Man and the Sea" and use this content to compare the happy home life of elderly couples in Korea. Through a metaphorical exploration of the lives of elderly husbands and wives in Korean society, the study examines their significance as the core of the family, particularly during their senior years. Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea" portrays Santiago as a unique embodiment of virtue and humanity. As an elderly male fisherman, he symbolizes a profound connection with the sea, as well as qualities such as courage, patience, and unwavering passion. His story underscores the importance of pursuing new goals and maintaining hope even in old age. The relationship between Santiago and Manolin provides insights into the dynamics of elderly husbands and wives in their domestic lives. Manolin's unwavering support for Santiago and his understanding of Santiago's dreams exemplify the significance of mutual support and the establishment of common goals for elderly couples. These characters serve as exemplary models for understanding and supporting one another within a family setting. Within the context of family life, applying these exemplary models and relationship dynamics fosters mutual respect, collaboration, emotional expression, and effective communication. Supporting each other and working towards common goals can enhance the family atmosphere, resolve conflicts, and enrich domestic life. Furthermore, when elderly couples share common goals and enjoy activities together, they strengthen their bond and create a more fulfilling family life. These shared activities deepen the affection between elderly husbands and wives and contribute to a thriving household. Through the characters of Santiago and Manolin in "The Old Man and the Sea," we present in this study a deeper understanding of the values and roles within the domestic lives and affection of elderly husbands and wives. Mutual respect, collaboration, emotional expression, communication, mutual support, common goals, hope, and shared domestic activities all play pivotal roles in maintaining a healthy family life and establishing happiness and well-being within the family. We expect this study to offer valuable insights into the fields of family studies, elderly welfare, and sociology.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.49-65
• /
• 2023

In response to the growing global concern for the environment, the international community has recently committed to achieving 'carbon neutrality.' As a result, numerous studies have been conducted on mode choice models that include carbon emissions as a variable. However, few studies have established a correlation between individual preferences and carbon emissions. In this study, a new mode of transportation named sustainable public transit (SPT), incorporating carbon-reducing transport options like electric scooters, is proposed. Analyzing the individual preferences of commuters on carbon emissions through factor analysis, a stated preference (SP) survey was conducted. A mode choice model for SPT was constructed using multinomial logit models. The results of the analysis showed that gender, income, and specific preferences, such as a passion for exploring new routes, a preference for intermodal transfers, knowledge of carbon reduction, and carbon reduction practices, significantly influence latent preferences for SPT. Therefore, this study is significant as it considers carbon emissions as an attribute variable during the construction of mode choice models and reflects the individual preference variables associated with carbon reduction.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.319-324
• /
• 2024

This study attempted to examine the characteristics of discourse on the role of schools and to explore its implications. To this end, major daily newspaper articles during the pandemic, in which discourse on the role of schools increased rapidly, were reviewed. As a result, people made the following assumptions about the role of schools. First, schools are institutions that must provide equal learning. Second, schools are institutions that must provide caring education. These findings have led to renewed essential questions about the role of schools. It is also necessary to further subdivide and discuss the role of the school raised in the discourse. The results of this study implicated that all of these roles have the potential to bring about a structure that makes each teacher lean on passion and sacrifice without distinction between the role of the school and the role of the teacher.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.40
• /
• pp.33-53
• /
• 2015

The movement of characters is one of the crucial elements to deliver their emotion flowing inside. Though it is the same movement, it may appear or be expressed differently according to the character's personality or emotion or the particular situation. The purpose of this study is to analyze not only the movement found superficially in an animation but also a character's internal emotion and attitude with Laban's movement analysis system, particularly effort, one of its analysis categories, and examine how effectively Laban's movement analysis often employed at the circles of dance can analyze movement in an animation. is about a monster that constantly makes efforts to realize its dream to be a scarer. Functional movement forms the most part, but expressive movement to show how a character thinks or feels also appears harmoniously. Characters' externally shown movement can express their internal emotion properly sometimes, but they also often move expressing their feelings in moderation. Therefore, this study analyzes the movement of characters found in the four scenes of with LMA's effort. According to the findings, at the scene where Michael enters the door leading to the human world following the scarer, the emotional state of Michael envious of the scarer is expressed with the Vision Drive giving the strong feel of dreaming. At the scene of the second game to choose the best scare team, it shows us the Spell Drive with its careful and light movement having clear intention to survive at the game. At the scene where there is a party held for the teams that have survived, it shows the Passion Drive of being eagerly expressing happy and delightful feelings without considering what is around. At the scene where Michael and Sullivan are pursued by people, the Action Drive was used to express movement that was heavy and strong and was getting faster gradually by focusing the feelings of the characters in haste into one place.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.529-540
• /
• 2021

This study is a test of gender differences between the importance of basic psychological needs and the components of love. The need for research is to verify the relationship between need and love. The purpose of this study is to serve as basic data for preparing a solution to the relationship between lovers and promoting love. Research participants targed a total of 193couples unmarried love couples, 386 person living in Seoul and Gyeonggi metropolitan areas. For the research tools, the basic psychological needs importance scale and components of love scale had been used. Regarding the analysis of the data, as a statistical analysis using SPSS 22, the t-verification, the correlation analysis, and the regression analysis method had been carried out. As a result of the analysis, regarding the importance of the basic psychological needs, regarding the relationship, the females were meaningfully (t=-3.528, p<.01) higher than the males. And, among components of love, regarding the passion and the commitment, the males were meaningfully (t=3.588, p<.001) higher than the females. And, regarding the correlations between the main variables, it appeared that the basic psychological needs importance of the males has a correlation with the components of love. And, regarding the females, it appeared that, among the basic psychological needs importance, only the relationship and the capability have the relationships with the components of love. Regarding the influence of the basic psychological needs importance on the component of love, it appeared that the relationship need importance of the males has a positive (+) influence on the component of love. And, regarding the autonomy need of the males, it appeared that, among the component of love, it has a negative (-) influence on the passion and the commitment. Regarding the females, it appeared that, differently from the males, only the need for a relationship has a positive (+) influence on the components of love. It was found that women's relationship needs had a positive effect on the components of love, but women's desire for autonomy did not affect the components of love, unlike men. Therefore, the importance of the basic psychological needs of love couples influenced the love relationship, and the relationship between the variables showed gender differences. If love couple understands and meets the importance of each other different basic psychological needs when a conflict arises, it will be a helpful resource for resolving conflict and promoting love.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Arts Education Studies
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.97-147
• /
• 2010

Under the recent trend of globalization, a new proposal on education has not been able to avoid the request for multi-cultural trend. Furthermore, education has been exposed to circumstances which are far different from the previous situations in which global cooperation and intercultural understanding have been more emphasized. 'Educational Nomadism'is a metaphor of creating new value and significance of education. In fact, transnational education which could be a crisis and opportunity at the same time has recently been the mainstream throughout the world. In terms of education, Korea has encountered base hollowing-out in which excessive dependence on the US education and autonomous education coexist. In fact, the world has spent a lot of time and money to have better educational background on a resume through redundant expense by the government and parents. Under this critical situation, it's urgent to change Korea's modern education into a creative educational system in connection with an advanced foreign educational system and further develop the advantage of Korea's education. A parent's investment in his/her child is a support to create new culture as well as an assistance for hope and better future of Korean education. A new direction of parents' education fever that has opened a door to global communitas can stir up infinite potential through which the flow of education fever can be changed to the resources of new civilization. The global cooperation and efforts for communitas means the communication with this world. Through this communication, the culture in which people are forced to zero-sum competition can leap into the education for change of civilization which creates pleasure of self sufficiency and donation.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.27-64
• /
• 2010

The main focus of this article investigates Jung's analytic implications of the Spiritual Exercises by St. Ignatius of Loyola. The Exercises is referred to not only as the tool for transformation that transformed Ignatius from a soldier of the world into a soldier of God and led him to a completely changed life but also as a tool which galvanizes self-realization, i.e., individuation process, in which a faithful experiences the presence of God in his life and is in search for himself in a new way. The interest in the Exercises regarded as a Western version of Yoga of the East which is a tool for transformation led Jung to give a series of 20 lectures on the Exercises in a seminar held in Zurich from 1939 to 1940. Curiosity about Jung's understanding on the Exercises provokes my desire to step into this research. The Exercises is a book for spiritual exercises that prepare and dispose one's soul to rid itself of all disordered attachments and to order one's life. The Exercises is made up of four Weeks. The First begins with 'Principle and Foundation' which illustrates what human beings are created for. It leads retreatants to rid themselves of disordered attachments and to have a new perspective on life by the consideration and contemplation of sins as the subversion of the Principle and Foundation. The Second is the period in which retreatants accept Christ as the Master of their lives through the meditation and contemplation of the life of Christ. In the Third, retreatants take part in the salvation history of Christ not only by actively participating in the Passion of Christ but also by incorporating the Passion into their lives. The Fourth aids retreatants to undergo their transformation and experience it deeply in order to participate in the new life of Christ who by His resurrection overcame death. In conclusion, Jung viewed the Exercises as a Western tool which plays the similar role of Yoga of the East which engenders inner transformation. The four-week-long retreat helps retreatants to meditate on God who unifies everything and is Himself/Herself the perfect union or the unity so that imperfect retreatants are given opportunities to undergo complete metamorphosis into the immortal, indivisible, and impeccable God. Jung understood that this metamorphosis leads human beings to the totality, that is, the genuine self as the image of God. The author interprets that it is the transformation that the Exercises tries to attain, which resonates with individuation, the key element of analytic psychology.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.389-401
• /
• 2012

The focus of the present study is on examining a research trend of teachers' professional development in mathematics. In do this, this study investigated the meaning and standards of professional development about mathematics, examining the characteristics of successful mathematics education professional programs, and looking for the processes of teachers' professionalization about mathematics. The findings of this study point out as follows: Teachers' professional development about mathematics implies the improvement of the quality of mathematics instruction following improving the quality of mathematics learning through well-structured mathematics teacher education programs. To do this, teachers need to have shared vision about how to teach mathematics, to have profound knowledge related to the mathematics subject, and to actively participate in teachers' professional development programs in mathematics. The results suggest the common characteristics of successful programs of mathematics teachers' professional development. The results of this study suggest that teachers need to have passion and efforts to improve teachers' professionalization about mathematics, and research on teacher professional development should be based on understanding about teachers. Also, more teacher-researchers to connect educational theories with educational practices are recommended, and a model for teachers' professional development program of mathematics appropriate to the context of Korea needs to be developed.