• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to improve last mile delivery capability and ensure customers' satisfaction by approaching an analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and identifying criteria framework to determine locations of last mile delivery centre(LMDC). Research design, data, and methodology - Traffic congestion and emission policy in cities are barriers of last mile delivery in dense areas. The urban consolidation centre(UCC) cannot increase last mile delivery efficiency in dense cities because of their space and traffic limitation. In this paper, we develop a case to improve last mile delivery efficiency and to ensure customers' satisfaction by concentrating on LMDC. In addition, AHP has been applied to identify criteria framework and determine LMDC locations. The weighted priorities are derived from parcel delivery industry experts and have been calculated using Expert Choice software. Results - The framework criteria have assisted decision makers to place LMDC in a dense area to enhance customer's satisfaction with last mile delivery service. Conclusions - AHP has provided ranking framework criteria of LMDC potential for parcel delivery industry. The LMDC helps by improving last mile delivery efficiency to final destination amids conditions of CO₂ emissions, traffic congestion, and pollution problems. It especially concerns delivery service activities when delivering parcels to customers rather than UCC.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.25-35
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to partition a last-mile delivery network into zones and to determine locations of last mile delivery centers (LMDCs) in Bangkok, Thailand. Research design, data, and methodology - As online shopping has become popular, parcel companies need to improve their delivery services as fast as possible. A network partition has been applied to evaluate suitable service areas by using METIS algorithm to solve this scenario and a facility location problem is used to address LMDC in a partitioned area. Research design, data, and methodology - Clustering and mixed integer programming algorithms are applied to partition the network and to locate facilities in the network. Results - Network partition improves last mile delivery service. METIS algorithm divided the area into 25 partitions by minimizing the inter-network links. To serve short-haul deliveries, this paper located 96 LMDCs in compact partitioning to satisfy customer demands. Conclusions -The computational results from the case study showed that the proposed two-phase algorithm with network partitioning and facility location can efficiently design a last-mile delivery network. It improves parcel delivery services when sending parcels to customers and reduces the overall delivery time. It is expected that the proposed two-phase approach can help parcel delivery companies minimize investment while providing faster delivery services.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.271-279
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• 2009

The shift from a product-based to a service-based economy also caused to emission of greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide and air pollution. This study investigates the environmental issues of global warming and the environment impact of greenhouse gases produced by service companies. This study proposes several environment strategies which could applied to service companies and examines the benefits and drawbacks of roles of IT to decrease greenhouse gases. This study also conducts case study for the corporate sustainability of United Parcel Service Inc. (UPS), one of the world largest logistics company.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.4 s.82
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• pp.81-91
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• 2005

The Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP) is one of the NP-complete (None-deterministic Polynomial time complete) route optimization problems. Its calculation time increases very rapidly as the number of nodes does. Therefore, the near optimum solution has been searched by heuristic algorithms rather than the real optimum has. This paper reviews the Ant System Algorithm(ANS), an heuristic algorithm of TSP and its applicability in the parcel delivery service in Korea. ASA, which is an heuristic algorithm of NP-complete has been studied by M. Dorigo in the early 1990. ASA finds the optimum route by the probabilistic method based on the cumulated pheromone on the links by ants. ASA has been known as one of the efficient heuristic algorithms in terms of its calculation time and result. Its applications have been expanded to vehicle routing problems, network management and highway alignment planning. The precise criteria for vehicle routing has not been set up in the parcel delivery service of Korea. Vehicle routing has been determined by the vehicle deriver himself or herself. In this paper the applicability of ASA to the parcel delivery service has been reviewed. When the driver s vehicle routing is assumed to follow the Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (NNA) with 20 nodes (pick-up and drop-off places) in $10Km{\times}10Km$ service area, his or her decision was compared with ASA's one. Also, ASA showed better results than NNA as the number of nodes increases from 10 to 200. If ASA is applied, the transport cost savings could be expected in the parcel delivery service in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2010

Door to door service is a typical method for individual parcel deliveries. In the current delivery information system, a delivery person manually inputs the information of many delivery results, which causes inefficiency and difficulties of tracking deliveries. This study suggests an enhanced delivery information system which has the following two characteristics. Firstly, a tagged RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) transmits the delivery result information to the main server by just collecting RFID at a place of destination. Secondly, with the characteristics of rewritable method, the collected RFID is to be input new information and tagged to other parcels.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.97-105
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• 2011

In order to determine home delivery service routes, conditions specified for each parcel such as customer-assigned delivery times and parcel contents should be considered, so the conventional route search algorithms have some limits to be applied for home delivery services. In this study, a multi-purpose route searching algorithm is suggested in order to deal with every requirement of deliveries that vary in delivery distances, contents and appointed times. A simulation study to verify the performances of the system with example data of Seoul and Kyungki provinces shows that it significantly improves the customer satisfaction and the productivity of delivery businesses.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.129-138
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• 2017

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the service process of corporate courier services in order to offer service providers possible directions for adaptation of new technologies and assurance of better quality services. Methods: Through the analysis on the parcel service process of company Y by applying service blueprinting method, the overall process and failure service points of corporate courier services can be recognized and investigated. Next, the several newer technologies, augmented reality glasses, exoskeleton, and drone are applied to the service process of company Y as they are suggested by the literature review and referenced to DHL's report on the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Then, service options to overcome the service failure points to improve the service process can be produced. Results: The parcel service process of the company Y is utilized as a hub-and-spoke structure by having distribution and delivery centers which separates customers into two types, ones using the total services and the others only using the delivery service. In addition, the main cause of the service failures is determined that it is due to the limited working hours of delivery centers compared to the workload. Conclusion: This research contributes in better understanding of corporate courier services and providing information for benchmarking. An empirical research on the costs and the efficiencies of applying the new technologies is suggested for the further improvement in the processes of corporate courier services.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

Fruit and vegetables are subjected to complex dynamic stresses in the transportation environment. During a long journey from the production area to customers using parcel delivery service, there is always some degree of vibration present. Vibration inputs are transmitted from the vehicle through the packaging to the fruit. Inside, these cause sustained bouncing of fruits against each other and container wall. These steady state vibration input may cause serous fruit injury, and this damage is particularly severe whenever the fruit inside the package is free to bounce, and is vibrated at its resonance frequency. The determination of the resonance frequencies of the fruit and vegetables may help the packaging designer to determine the proper packaging system providing adequate protection for the fruit, and to understand the complex interaction between the components of fruit when they relate to expected transportation vibration inputs. Instrumentation and technologies are described for determining the vibration response characteristics of the fruits with frequency range 3 to 150 Hz. The resonance frequency of the pear ranged from 53 to 102 Hz and the amplitude at resonance was between 1.08 and 2.48 G. The resonance frequency and amplitude at resonance decreased with the increase of the sample mass, and they were slightly affected by mechanical properties such as bioyield deformation and rupture deformation. Regression analysis was performed among the relatively high correlated parameters from the results of correlation coefficient analysis.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.119-120
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• 2006

In this paper, we suggest postal RFID adaptation model, tag data structure and code which can be used for real time trace and track of parcel processing and pallet management. This paper also shows postal RFID application system architecture and testbed based on the proposed tag data structure and code, and shows recognition performance of tag on parcel and pallet by speed and mounting tag material such as can, water, and paper using implemented postal RFID system for postal logistics. The contribution of this paper is to stimulate deployment of RFID technology for postal logistics service and SCM (Supply Chain Management).

• IE interfaces
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.142-152
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• 2012

Recently, the postal service encounters the various changes in the overall mail environment including the reduction of letter volume, keen competition of the private parcel service and EMS, diversification of customers' demand and etc. In this environment, Korea Post is considering new concept of postal service in order to provide the mail service based on informatization and automation to a client and secures the predominance in competition. We analyze the current environment of postal service for applying the gCRM (Geographic Customer Relationship Management). We propose some possible application fields and present an efficient phased application plan for each field.