• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.258-261
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• 2001

제지부산물인 종이소각재의 산도교정 효과와 적정 혼합비율을 구명하기 위하여 산도가 다른 두 육묘상토를 사용하여 개량제 혼합비율별로 발아율, 생육상황 및 시험전후 토양의 이화학적인 특성을 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 종이소각재는 pH가 11.4로 강알카리성이었으며, 중금속 함량은 부산물 비료의 규제농도 보다는 낮았다. 2. 처리별 발아 및 묘의 생육은 배합토에서는 종이소각재를 0, 5% (v/v)혼합시 발아율이 높았고, 후기생육은 10% (v/v) 혼합이 가장 좋았다. 피트머스의 경우는 소각재 5% (v/v) 혼합율이 높았고, 생육은 10, 15% (v/v) 혼합시 가장 양호하였다. 3. 개량제 혼합 비율별 육묘상토의 이화학적 변화정도는 배합토와 피트머스 모두 종이소각재 처리가 소석회보다는 산도교정 정도는 낮았으나 산도교정 효과는 인정되었으며, 혼합비율이 높을수록 유기물 함량은 적었고, 치환성 양이온의 함량은 많았다. 4. 육묘상토의 중금속함량은 피터머스와 종이소각재를 혼합한 경우 그 함량이 증가하였으며 특히 크롬 (Cr)의 경우 토양오염 우려기준치 보다 높았다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.369-374
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• 2002

In this paper, setting and hydration heat development characteristics with three binder types, type IV cement＋fly ash, type IV cement＋slag powder and type IV cement ＋ limestone powder. were investigate. As results, it was shown that the limestone powder decreased the initial setting time regardless of replacement ratio, especially the range of 20~50% replacement ratio, and the 2nd peak was shifted ahead when the limestone powder replacement ratio increased. But for the f1y ash and the limestone powder, contrary results were obtained compared with the limestone powder.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.613-618
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• 1999

This paper discuss the chemical, physical and mineral properties of classified fly ashes by electrostatic precipitator and calcinated fly ashes at 50$0^{\circ}C$. The electrostatic precipitator in coal fired power plant has a number of hopper in the direction of flue gases. The properties of fly ashes collected at each hopper in the electrostatic precipitator are different. Superfine, fine and ordinary fly ashes can be collected respectively at each hopper. The carbon content in fly ash is influenced on the viscosity of paste. By calcination, the carbon content in fly ash is decreased and the fluidity of paste is improved.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2014

화력발전소에서 발생되는 플라이애시는 콘크리트의 첨가재로 사용되는 것이 석탄회 재활용 방안 중 최선으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 석탄회는 최근 더 이상 매립이 불가능하여 콘크리트에 다량 첨가가 시도되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 현재까지 하이볼륨 플라이애시(High Volume Fly Ash : HVFA) 시멘트 콘크리트의 연구분야는 주로 재료적인 분야에 대해서만 수행되어지고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 하이볼륨 플라이애시 시멘트 콘크리트의 구조재료로의 적용을 위해서는 탄성계수, 응력-변형률 관계 및 구조 부재 거동 등에 대한 연구가 필수적이다. 이를 위하여 본 논문에서는 플라이애시 치환율 0, 35 및 50%, 압축강도 20, 40 및 60MPa 그리고 인장철근비 2수준을 실험변수로 하여 플라이애시 시멘트 철근콘크리트 보 18개를 제작하여 이들의 휨거동을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 플라이애시를 첨가하지 않은 일반 콘크리트(FA=0%)와 35, 50% 플라이애시 시멘트 콘크리트 부재의 휨거동은 크게 차이나지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 HVFAC의 휨거동을 평가하기 위하여 해석적 모델을 제안하였고, 컴퓨터 프로그램을 개발하여 실험결과와 해석결과를 비교한 결과, 거동 차이가 적어 제안된 해석 모델은 적절한 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2016

본 연구는 화력발전소에서 배출되는 바텀애시의 재활용에 대한 실험적 연구이다. 바텀애시는 플라이애시 보다 다공성 및 높은 흡수율 등의 특징으로 재활용에 대한 연구가 제한적인 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 바텀애시를 결합재로 사용하기 위해 비표면적을 $4,000cm^2/g$까지 미분쇄하였으며, 바텀애시 기반 지오폴리머 모르타르의 플로우, 압축강도 시험 및 미세구조 분석을 실시하였다. 지오폴리머 모르타르의 플로우 측정 결과 활성화제 몰농도가 증가함에 따라 추가배합수가 증가하여 플로우 값이 향상되었다. 압축강도를 검토한 결과 양생온도와 몰농도가 높을수록 압축강도가 증가하였고, 미세구조 분석을 통하여 지오폴리머 반응으로 생성된 지오폴리머 겔을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 활성화제 사용 시 지오폴리머 반응은 온도 상승에 비례하여 촉진되기 때문에 적절한 활성화제 몰농도와 고온양생을 통하여 바텀애시 기반 지오폴리머 콘크리트의 제작이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2015

It is well known that the use of PCC as a filler for printing paper making brought about the serious deterioration of strength properties of paper, although PCC could be helpful to reduce the energy consumption. The use of modified PCC with NCC was tried to solve and/or reduce the strength deterioration problem. NCC was prepared from SwBKP by the acid hydrolysis. There was no significant changes in chemical properties and crystalline structure. However the cyrstallinity of NCC was higher than those of SwBKP. The different dosage of NCC was applied to modify the properties of PCC. 0.1% of NCC dosage was enough to improve ash retention and paper properties. The use of modified PCC with NCC as a filler improved ash retention, bulk, opacity and formation without the serious deterioration of strength properties. Thus the use of modified PCC with NCC might be helpful for not only reduction of energy consumption but also increase of filler dosage without the significant sacrifice of strength properties by the optimization of retention system.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2014

Increasing emphasis on energy conservation and environmental protection has led to the investigation of the alternatives to customary building materials. Some of the significant goals behind understaking such investigations are to reduce the greenhouse gasemissions and minimize the energy required formaterial production.The usage of concrete around the world is second only to water. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is conventionally used as the primary binder to produce concrete. The cement production is a significant industrial activity in terms of its volume and contribution to greenhouse gas emission. Globally, the production of cement contributes at least 5 to 7 % of $CO_2$. Another major problem of the environment is to dispose off the fly ash, a hazardous waste material, which is produced by thermal power plant by combustion of coal in power generation processes. The geopolymer concrete aims at utilizing the maximum amount of fly ash and reduce $CO_2$ emission in atmosphere by avoiding use of cement to making concrete. This paper reports an experimental work conducted to investigate the effect of curing conditions on the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete prepared by using fly ash as base material and combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as alkaline activator.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.533-544
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• 2018

The importance of using materials cost effectively to enhance the strength and reduce the cost, and weight of earth fill materials in geotechnical engineering led researchers to seek for modifying the soil properties by adding proper additives. Lightweight fill materials made of soil, binder, water, and Expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads are increasingly being used in geotechnical practices. This paper primarily investigates the behavior of sandy soil, modified by EPS particles. Besides, the mechanical properties of blending sand, EPS and the binder material such as fly ash and cement were examined in different mixing ratios using a number of various laboratory studies including the Modified Standard Proctor (MSP) test, the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test, the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test and the Direct Shear test (DST). According to the results, an increase of 0.1% of EPS results in a reduction of the density of the mixture for 10%, as well as making the mixture more ductile rather than brittle. Moreover, the compressive strength, CBR value and shear strength parameters of the mixture decreases by an increase of the EPS beads, a trend on the contrary to the increase of cement and fly ash content.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.335-340
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• 2002

By the recently, Environmental pollution is serious by the highly economic growth and expansion of lively country basic industry. Especially, in case of industrial waste and life waste leaped into a pollution source. Also, research for processing of waste and recycling countermeasure is a pressing question on national dimension because it is prohibited an ocean disposal and reclamation. In this study, it looked for fracture characteristic value of recycling a coal ash to decrease environmental pollution by picky and exhaustion of natural resources and to reduce self-weight to prepare for a tall building and earthquake. So a coal ash examined to be possible to do as construction material. It achieved compressive strength test and three points bending test with initial notch depth rate and age for variables to show a basic research data. From the basis of the three points bending test, the fracture parameters - notch sensitivity, fracture energy, initial compliance were experimentally proposed. From the results of the compressive strength test, the elastic modulus was experimentally proposed. Also on the basis of the three points bending test, the fracture parameters - notch sensitivity, fracture energy, initial compliance were experimentally proposed. The results that the strength and fracture energy value are lower than concrete or mortar is described in this paper. Also, it shows that the deflection at fracture decreases as the age increases and the notch sensitivity decrease. However, it is judged to be available to construction material if research is continuously gone forward.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2018

This paper presents results of a compressive investigation conducted on weathered soil stabilized with ground bottom ash (GBA) and red mud (RM). The effects of water/binder ratio, RM/GBA ratio, chemical activator (NaOH and $Na_2SiO_3$) and curing time on unconfined compressive strength of stabilized soils were examined. The results show that the water/binder ratio of 1.2 is optimum ratio at which the stabilized soils have the maximum compressive strength. For 28 days of curing, the compressive strength of soils stabilized with alkali-activated GBA and RM varies between 1.5 MPa and 4.1 MPa. The addition of GBA, RM and chemical activators enhanced strength development and the rate of strength improvement was more significant at the later age than at the early age. The potential environmental impacts of stabilized soils were also assessed. The chemical property changes of leachate from stabilized soils were analyzed in terms of pH and concentrations of hazardous elements. The observation revealed that the soil mixture with ground bottom ash and red mud proved environmentally safe.