• Title/Summary/Keyword: Paper Sludge

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A Study on Bloating of Porous Foam by Pressure Infiltration with H2O2 (과산화수소의 가압침투에 의한 다공성 발포체에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Gui-Shik;Jeong, Ji-Hyun
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.86-91
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    • 2016
  • This paper is concerned chiefly with the method of porous foam manufacture using basalt stone powder sludge. The hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) of bloating agent has lots of problems to manufacture porous lightweight aggregate due to fast reaction rate with cement or calcium hydroxide($Ca(OH)_2$). The $H_2O_2$ injecting method using nozzle for manufacturing porous lightweight aggregate is proposed, in this study. This method is to inject $H_2O_2$ at the pressure of 10 MPa on upper side of slurry mixing materials such as stone powder sludge and quick-lime(CaO) by injector. The specimen was dried in furnace at $100^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour and cured at ambient temperature for 30 days. We analyzed the characteristics including specific gravity and water absorption. The experiments were found that the porous foam has low specific gravity, high water absorption and uniform distribution of porous more than manufactured foam by general bloating methods.

Characteristics of White Portland Cement Clinker Produced from Low-temperature Sintering Technology using Fluorine based Semiconductor Sludge (불소 함유 반도체 슬러지를 활용한 저온 소성 기술로 제조된 백색 포틀랜드 시멘트 클링커 특성)

  • Su-Hyeon Park;Hyun-Yeop Na;Bong-Choon Hwang;Ju-il Eom;Yun-Yong Kim
    • Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.169-177
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    • 2024
  • In this paper, the effect on cement clinker and cement quality was studied to prove the effect of reducing the sintering temperature of cement clinker as a mineralizer to recycle fluorine based semiconductor sludge, an industrial by-product. In addition, a verification study was conducted to compare the properties of clinker and cement at different temperatures when natural fluorite, previously used as a mineralizer, was used. As a result of the study, semiconductor sludge showed sufficient effectiveness as a mineralizer and could replace natural fluorite, an existing mineralizer.

Changes of Physico-chemical Properties of paper Mill Sludge amended with Pig Manure in Composting Process (제지슬러지와 돈분을 이용한 퇴비화 과정중 이화학적 특성 변화)

  • Min, Kyoung-Hoon;Chang, Ki-Woon;Yu, Young-suk
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.86-92
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to determine the optimal mixing ratio of the paper mill sludge(PMS) and pig manure(PM). Since the former contains lots of total carbon and low nitrogen, it was used as carbon source. Also, dried paper mill sludge(DPMS) was added to the mixture to control the water content. The treatments was composed of four as follows, PMS-100(PM 0%+PMS 80%+DPMS 20%), PMS-85(15+65+20), PMS-70(30+50+20), and PMS-55(45+35+20). The mixtures were composted under aerobic condition in $1.25m^3$ static piles. The piles were aerated for 15 minutes per day and turned over the mixture once a week at the early stage of composting. To estimate the maturity of composts, the changes of physico-chemical properties such as temperature, pH, C/N ratio and color were monitored every week. The 25-30 and 55-60% as optimal condition of C/N ratio and moisture content were respectively recommended for effective composting by the evaluation of the changes of phsico-chemical properties for materials taken from compost files during the composting period. When the 30 and 45% of PM were mixed with PMS, the maturity time at least demanded to the stable state were shortened and the qualify of the final product was improved in a view of nutritional components.

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The effects of some additives on Methane Fermentation of Paper Mill Sludge treated with Alkali (알칼리 처리된 제지슬러지의 메탄발효에 미치는 몇몇 첨가제의 효과)

  • Choi, Jong-Woo;Lee, Kyu-Seung;Park, Seung-Heui
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.134-142
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    • 1995
  • In order to elevate the efficiency of methane fermentation using the paper mill sludge, this experiment was conducted at two temperature conditions($35^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$), and overlooked the addition effects of ethyl acetate as a substrate, nickel as a constituent of $F_430$, and sulfur as a cell growth factor and reductant. The cellulose of paper mill sludge was degraded to lower molecular materials by heating at $60^{\circ}C$ and NaOH treatment. Methane forming rates were 4.8% from NaOH-treated paper mill sludge added with ethyl acetate, 16.5% with sodium sulfide, 19.8% with nickel trioxide, 31.9% with mixture, and 9.6% with control at $60^{\circ}C$, but 0.21% with ethyl acetate, 2.14% with nickel acetate, 3.02% with nickel sulfate, 3.34% with nickel trioxide and 0.62% with control at $35^{\circ}C$. Therefore, methane yield was increased by approximately 10-fold at $60^{\circ}C$ than $35^{\circ}C$, and fermentation liquid added with mixture(nickel trioxide+ethyl acetate+sodium sulfide) at $60^{\circ}C$ showed the medium pH(7.0), higher COD value and lower nitrogen content.

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Effect of dielectrics on NOx removal of Metal particle-$Al_2O_3$ hybrid type reactor (금속파티클-$Al_2O_3$ hybrid 반응기의 NOx 제거에 미치는 유전체 영향)

  • Kim, J.S.;Park, J.Y.;Jung, J.G.;Kim, T.Y.;Goh, H.S.;Kim, H.M
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2002.07b
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    • pp.917-921
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, we made different types of non-thermal plasma reactors such as Metal-particle reactor with $Al_2O_3$ to measure NOx removal characteristic and the dielectric effect for NOx removal. NOx removal rate is not so good when we use just dielectric of $Al_2O_3$ at the Metal-particle reactor, also we just put sludge pellets(100%) without Metal-particle reactor with $Al_2O_3$ and dielectric such as $TiO_2$, $BaTiO_3$ to measure the effect of sludge for NOx removal so that NOx removal rate is almost the same. However NOx removal rate is more than 90% in case of the reactor of composition shape used both dielectric of $Al_2O_3$ and sludge pellets at the same time. In case of the shape of plasma reactor with dielectric, the Metal-particle reactor with $Al_2O_3$, and the metal-particle reactor with both $Al_2O_3$ and dielectric such as $TiO_2$, $BaTiO_3$ at the same time, they are almost the same effect for NOx removal, so we made MNPR(Metal-particle Non-thermal Plasma Reactor with $Al_2O_3$) to reduce these kinds of demerits. Finally, we think MNPR should be much better than other reactors for NOx removal.

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Pretreatment of Waste-activated Sludge for Enhancement of Methane Production (메탄발효 효율향상을 위한 하.폐수 슬러지의 전처리 기술)

  • NamKung, Kyu-Cheol;Jeon, Che-Ok
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.362-372
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    • 2010
  • Although different disposal routes of waste-activated sludge are possible, anaerobic digestion plays an important role for its abilities to further transform organic matter into methane. The potential of using methane as energy source has long been widely recognised and the present paper extensively reviews the principles of anaerobic digestion, the process parameters and hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is recognised as rate-limiting step in the complex digestion process. To accelerate the digestion and enhance the production of biogas, various pre-treatments can be used to improve the rate-limiting hydrolysis. These treatments include mechanical, thermal, chemical and biological interventions to the feedstock. All pre-treatments result in a lysis or disintegration of sludge cells, thus releasing and solubilizing intracellular material into the water phase and transforming refractory organic material into biodegradable species. The reader will finally be guided to extensive discussion for anaerobic digestion processes.

Effects of Raw Materials and Bulking Agents on the Thermophilic Composting Process

  • Tang, Jing-Chun;Zhou, Qixing;Katayama, Arata
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.925-934
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    • 2010
  • Three typical biological solid wastes, namely, animal manure, garbage, and sewage sludge, were compared with regard to the composting process and the changes in microbial community structure. The effects of different bulking agents such as rice straw, vermiculite, sawdust, and waste paper were compared in manure compost. The differences in the microbial community were characterized by the quinone profile method. The highest mass reduction was found in garbage composting (56.8%), compared with manure and sludge (25% and 20.2%, respectively). A quinone content of $305.2\;{\mu}mol/kg$ was observed in the late stage of garbage composting, although the diversity index of the quinone profile was 9.7, lower than that in manure composting. The predominant quinone species was found to be MK-7, which corresponds to Gram-positive bacteria with a low G+C content, such as Bacillus. The predominance of MK-7 was especially found in the garbage and sludge composting process, and the increase in quinones with partially saturated long side-chains was shown in the late composting process of manure, which corresponded to the proliferation of Actinobacteria. The effects of different bulking agents on the composting process was much smaller than the effects of different raw materials. High organic matter content in the raw materials resulted in a higher microbial biomass and activity, which was connected to the high mass reduction rate.

The Morphological Characteristics of Anaerobic Granular Sludge (혐기성 입상슬러지의 형태학적 특성)

  • Shin, Hang Sik;Bae, Byung Uk;Paik, Byung Cheon
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 1991
  • In this paper, the microscopic results of granular sludge from the two-phase UASB reactors are presented, particularly on the acidogenic phase where the distillery waste water is directly delivered. Distillery wastewater as a feed contained SS of 3.6~10.6 g/l and COD of 17.3~30.4 g/l. A 12.5 l and a 4.7 l UASB reactors were used for acidogenic and methanogenic phases, repectively. Morphological studies on the granular sludge consortia were made with both scanning and transmission electron microscopies. It was interesting enough to find the different colored and shaped granules at the acidogenic on the 90th day and at the methanogenic phase on the 120th day. The acidogenic granular sludge mainly consisted of acidogenic bacteria, such as long chains of large rods, short plump rods, and various size of cocci. Whereas the filamentous bacteria of Methanothrix spp. prevail in the methanogenic granule, with dirverse bacteria entrapped therein.

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Preparation and Characterisation of Titanium Dioxide Produced from Ti-salt Flocculated Sludge in Water Treatment (수처리 티탄염 응집 슬러지에서 생산한 산화티탄의 제조와 특성 조사)

  • Shon, Hokyong;Okour, Yousef;Saliby, Ibrahim El;Park, Jun;Cho, Dong-Lyun;Kim, Jong Beom;Park, Hee Ju;Kim, Jong-Ho
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.241-250
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    • 2009
  • During the past few years, titanium salts were investigated as alternative coagulants for the removal of organic matter of different molecular sizes in contaminated water. The flocculation efficiency of Ti-salt was comparable to those of $FeCl_3$ and $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ salts, commonly used coagulants. Incinerated sludge-$TiO_2$ showed higher surface area and photocatalytic activity than commercially available $TiO_2$. Metal-doped forms were produced by adding coagulant aids such as iron (Fe-), aluminium (Al-) and (Ca-) calcium salts during Ti-salt flocculation to increase pH. Ca- and Al- doped $TiO_2$ showed very high photocatalytic activity compared to Fe-doped $TiO_2$. When tested in a pilot scale plant for treatment of dye wastewater to check practical feasibility of the novel process, the removal ratio of the chemical oxygen demand was comparable to those of commonly used coagulants but the settling of sludge was faster. The $TiO_2$ generated after sludge incineration showed a high photocatalytic activity for degradation of volatile organic compounds and increased the rate of hydrogen production by water photosplitting. $TiCl_4$ coagulant and $TiO_2$ produced from different water sources with different concentrations had low acute toxicity compared to heavy metals and commercial $TiO_2$ when examined based on D. Magna mortality. This paper presents the production, characterisation and the photoactivity of $TiO_2$ produced from Ti-salt flocculated sludge. Different case studies are discussed to highlighted recent advances in this field.

A Study on the Thermal Characteristics of Waste Organic Sludges Generated from the Industrial Complex -Paper and Beverage Manufacturing Industries- (산업단지에서 배출되는 폐 유기성 슬러지의 열적 특성 -제지업 및 음식료업을 중심으로-)

  • Shon, Byung-Hyun;Lee, Joo-Ho;Jung, Moon-Hun;Kim, Min-Choul;Ko, Ju-Hyun;Park, Hung-Suck;Lee, Gang-Woo
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.1359-1367
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    • 2008
  • We analyzed the physical and chemical properties such as proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, heating values, thermogravimetric analysis, and combustion test for the organic sludges generated from paper and beverage manufacturing industries in the industrial complex. The average water and combustible content of the organic sludges from paper and beverage manufacturing industries were 66.07% and 14.67%, 54.98% and 26.77%, respectively. From the ultimate analysis of the organic sludges, C, H, O, N, and S compositions were 21.75%, 3.42%, 32.70%, 0.63%, and 0.30%, respectively. For beverage manufacturing industries, C, H, O, N, and S compositions were 39.88%, 4.28%, 23.20%. 2.65%, and 0.35%, respectively. According to the results of investigating the lower heating values by Dulong's equation, 1 sludge(T company) was on the range of over 2,000 kcal/kg. This sludge could be directly applied to industries which try to use the energy by direct incineration. From the TGA test, the minimum combustion temperature of A company's sludge was about $700^{\circ}C$ for direct use for energy and that of 3 sludges(C, I, and T company) were at least over $800^{\circ}C$.