• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.603-605
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• 2005

In this paper, we deal with a calibration method for low cost motion capture sensor using PSD (Position Sensitive Detection). The PSD sensor is employed to measure the direction of incident light from moving markers attached to motion body. To calibrate the PSD optical module, a conventional camera calibration algorithm introduced by Tsai. The 3-dimensional positions of the markers are measured by using stereo camera geometry. From the experimental results, the low cost motion capture sensor can be used in a real time system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1427-1430
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• 2005

In this paper, the range finder system using a PSD sensor suitable for low-cost localization sensor of a mobile robot. Because the distance-voltage output of a PSD sensor has a non-linear property, the linearizing function is proposed through the experimental characteristics of the sensor. And the characteristics are tested and the distance-voltage data are measured in various colors and materials of object. For a known environment, a mobile robot scans the surroundings using a PSD sensor that can rotate $360^{\circ}$. Finally, the performance and accuracy of the developed system are verified according to the comparison the distance by proposed function with real distance

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.668-672
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 이동로봇의 저가형 위치인식센서로 적합한 PSD(Position Sensitive Detector)센서를 이용하여 거리계측시스템을 개발하였다. PSD 센서는 거리-전압 출력이 비선형적인 단점을 가지고 있어 센서의 특성실험을 통해 선형화가 가능한 변환함수를 제안하였다. 제안한 방법을 검증하기 위하여 거리계측시스템의 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어를 구성하였다 또 피측정체의 색상 및 재질에 따른 출력특성을 실험하고 거리-전압 데이터를 측정하였다. 실측한 데이터를 바탕으로 제안한 선형화함수의 계수를 추출하였다. 마지막으로 제안한 함수에 의한 거리와 실제거리를 비교하여 시스템의 성능 및 정확성을 검증하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.583-585
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• 2004

In this paper we will deal with a calibration method for low cost motion capture system using psd(position sensitive detection) optical sensor. To measure the incident direction of the light from LED emitted marker, the PSD is used the output current ratio on the electrode of PSD is proportional with the incident position of the light focused by lens. In order to defect the direction of the light, the current output is converted into digital voltage value by opamp circuits peak detector and AD converter with the digital value the incident position is measured. Unfortunately, due to the non-linearly problem of the circuit poor position accuracy is shown. To overcome such problems, we compensated the non-linearly by using least-square fitting method. After compensated the non-linearly in the circuit, the system showed more enhanced position accuracy.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.582-584
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• 2006

This paper describes a monocular PSD-based motion capture sensor to employ with commercial video game systems such as Microsoft's XBOX and Sony's Playstation II. The system compact, low-cost, and only requires a one-time calibration at the factory. The system includes a PSD(Position Sensitive Detector) and active infrared (IR) LED markers that are placed on the object to be tracked. The PSD sensor is placed in the focal plane of a wide-angle lens. The micro-controller calculates the 3D position of the markers using only the measured intensity and 2D position on the PSD. A series of experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of our prototype system. From the experimental results we see that the proposed system's compact size, low-cost, ease of installation, and high frame rates are suitable for high speed motion tracking in games.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2008

Perceiving a 3D moving target is important for automated machines including robots in a factory. Although stereovision or ultrasonic ranging is often employed for the purpose, the former requires high-cost systems, and the latter suffers from low-resolution. In this paper, we propose a PSD sensor array to acquire the 3D profile of an object conveyed by a belt. Rectangular parallelepiped target objects at random positions and orientations are assumed. Nine PSD sensors are configured in a $3{\times}3$ array above the belt, and fired in a sequence so that cross-talk can be avoided. Time gaps among sensor readings are compensated to get a result that is obtainable when sensors' measurements are made simultaneously along a sensing line. The system designed is tested with various objects in experiments.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 학술회의 논문집 정보 및 제어부문 B
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• pp.507-510
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• 2003

In this paper, optical sensor system using PSD(Position Sensitive Detection) is proposed to obtain the three dimensional position of moving markers attached to human body. To find the coordinates of an moving marrer with stereo vision system, two different sight rays of an moving marker are required. Usually, those are acquired with two optical sensors synchronized at the same time. PSD sensor is used to measure the position of an incidence light in real-time. To get the three-dimension position of light source on moving markers, a conventional camera calibration method are used. In this research, we realized a low cost motion capture system. The proposed system shows high three-dimension measurement accuracy and fast sampling frequency.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.568-570
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• 2004

This paper presents a study of a position finding system using PSD Sensor and Pan/Tilt. The position of PSD(Position Sensitive Detector) sensor is calculated by the degree of pan-tilt and the difference in height between pan-tilt and PSD. For that, the DSP which control pan-tilt is used for precise operation. The PIC microcontroller process PSD sensor data that indicate light incident position. A user using computer can acquire the conditions of pan-tilt and PSD and issue an order.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 학술회의 논문집 정보 및 제어부문 A
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• pp.71-74
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• 2003

The signal processing algorithm for a PSD(Position Sensitive Detector) using amplitude modulation/demodulation is addressed in this paper. Dark currents and external noises such as daylight and fluorescent lights are eliminated by using amplitude modulation/demodulation and a low pass filter. The proposed amplitude modulation/demodulation method for a PSD sensor is compared with pulse amplitude modulation method. The proposed amplitude modulation is proved to be more accurate and robust than PAM method by analysis and experiments. Multiple measurements using one PSD sensor by amplitude modulation/demodulation is also addressed. The Power variation of light source is compensated by normalization process using a divider.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.724-728
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• 2005

This paper represents a development of a range finder sensor module for indoor 2-D mapping and modified Hough transformation for map building. A range finder sensor module has been developed by using optic PSD (Position Sensitive Detector) sensor array at a low price. While PSD sensor is cost effective and light weighting, it has switching noise and white noise. To remove these noises, we propose a heuristic filter. For line-based map building, also we proposed advanced Hough transformation and navigation algorithm. Some experiments were illustrated for the validity of the developed system.