• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.1974-1980
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in growing pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of copra meal (CM) with β-mannanase supplementation. Methods: Twenty barrows (initial body weight: 34.43±0.11 kg) surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were individually housed in metabolism crates. Pigs were allotted to 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 4 replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments were: i) NC, negative control, corn-soybean meal (SBM) based diet, ii) PC, positive control, basal diet + 0.10% β-mannanase supplementation (800 IU/kg), iii) CM6, PC diet with 6% CM supplementation, iv) CM12, PC diet with 12% CM supplementation, and v) CM18, PC diet with 18% CM supplementation. A nitrogen-free diet was used to estimate basal endogenous losses of AA for SID calculation. All experimental diets contained 0.5% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker. Each period consisted of a 4-d diet adaptation period and a 3-d ileal digesta collection period. Results: There were no differences in apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and SID of all AA between the NC and PC treatments except that the PC treatment had lower AID and SID of glycine than the NC treatment (p<0.05). There were linear decreases in AID and SID of lysine (p<0.05) and aspartic acid (p = 0.06; tendency) with increasing levels of CM in the diets with β-mannanase. Conclusion: The β-mannanase supplementation had no effect on AA digestibility in pigs fed the corn-SBM based diet but increasing levels of CM reduced SID of lysine and aspartic acid.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.2301-2306
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• 2008

SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) has become an universal standard for multimedia communications for both wired and wireless networks since it has been adopted as a standard protocol for IMS platform in 3GPP standardization organization at November 2000. In this paper, we design and implement a SIP-based softphone client program which provides telephony service between internet users and a call center equipped with VoIP gateway. A softphone client based on PC-to-phone connection should guarantee to provide interoperability with various VoIP gateways and higher portability to be able to operate on different PC environments. The softphone client program in this paper has been developed with SIP 2.0 standard protocol to support interoperability and with JAIN SIP and JMF package to achieve higher portability.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.906-909
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• 2001

In order to investigate fatty acid contents and effects of cell growth on the production of an extracellular protease and toxicity of exotoxin, several symbiotic bacteria with highly effective toxins were isolated from seven species of entomopathogenic nematodes belong in Steinernematidae(Steinernema glaseri XR-DR, S. glaseri XR-NC, S. glaseri XR-MK, S. carpocapsae XR-PC, S. maticola XR-MO, S. Longicaudum XR-LC) and Heterorhabditidae sp.(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora XR-HY). In the cell growth and exotoxin toxicity, XR-PC and XR-MK were superior to other species when cultured in vitro. The protease activity of XR-DR was remarkable compared to other species. In the case of XR-HY, the protease activity increased in parallel with cell growth. Interestingly the fatty acid contents of XR-PC and XR-HY were significantly different from those of other species 12:0, 14:0, 13:0 iso, 16:1 cis 5 and 17:0 cyclo.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.78.2-78.2
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• 2012

Orion A 분자운은 별탄생이 활발하게 일어나는 영역이면서 태양계에 비교적 가깝다. 그렇기 때문에 낮은 분해능으로도 자세한 관측이 가능하다. Orion A 분자운까지의 거리가 450 pc 이므로 대덕전파안테나 1' beam으로 0.13 pc 가 된다. 이곳에는 필라멘트 구조가 있는데 FCRAO를 통한 다파장관측을 통해서 필라멘트 구조가 확인되었다.(Melnick et al. 2011). 필라멘트는 길이 4.8 pc, 너비 1.5 pc 로 대덕전파망원경의 1' beam으로 자세한 관측이 가능하였다. 2010년 11월-2011년 5월까지 Orion A 분자운을 대덕전파망원경을 이용하여 $^{12}CO$, $^{13}CO$(J=1-0) 분자선 관측을 하였으며, 관측영역은 적경: 5h 32m - 5h 37m, 적위: $-5^{\circ}$ 14' - $-5^{\circ}$ 37'으로 ($1^{\circ}{\times}1^{\circ}$) 영역을 관측하였다. 그 결과 필라멘트구조를 확인할 수 있었으며 일자 형태로 분포되어 있다는 구조적 결과 얻었다. 관측된 필라멘트 덩어리의 전형적인 크기는 약 0.7 pc, 밀도는 약 $10^4cm^{-3}$, 질량은 약 500 $M_{\odot}$이다. 매우 밀한 곳은 1000 M${\bigodot}$이상의 질량분포도 나타내고 있다. 이것은 이 지역이 일반적인 분자운과 비교했을 때 고밀도 영역임을 나타내고 있다. 더욱 자세한 밀도구조와 질량분포를 밝혀보고 별탄생과의 관련성을 연구하고자 한다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1685-1689
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• 2009

Phytochelatins (PCs) are small polypeptides synthesized by PC synthase (PCS). They are present in various living organisms including plants, fission yeast, and some animals. The presumed function of PCs is the sequestration of cytosolic toxic heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) into the vacuoles via vacuolar membrane localized heavy metal tolerance factor 1 (HMT-1). HMT-1 was first identified in fission yeast (SpHMT-1), and later in Caenorhabdtis (CeHMT-1). Recently, its homolog has also been found in PC-deficient Drosophila (DmHMT-1), and this homolog has been shown to be involved in Cd detoxification, as confirmed by the heterologous expression of DmHMT-1 in fission yeast. Therefore, the dependence of HMT-1 on PC in Cd detoxification should be re-evaluated. I heterologously expressed SpHMT-1 in cytosolic PC-deficient yeast, Saccharomycea cerevisiae, to understand the dependence of HMT-1 on PC. Yeast cells expressing SpHMT-1 showed increased tolerance to Cd compared with control cells. This result indicates that SpHMT-1 is not strictly correlated with PC production on its function. Moreover, yeast cells expressing SpHMT-1 showed increased tolerance to exogenously applied glutathione (GSH) compared with control cells, and the tolerance to Cd was further increased by exogenously applied GSH, while tolerance in control cells was not. These results indicate that the function of SpHMT-1 in Cd detoxification does not depend on PCs only, and suggest that SpHMT-1 may sequester cytosolic GSH-Cd complexes into the vacuole.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.117-123
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• 2013

Hot water soluble extract was prepared from Hericium erinaceus and its neuritogenic activity on PC12h cells was analyzed, which is a clone originating from a rat pheochromocytomon. The moisture content of freeze dried hot water extract was 12.08%. The extract was mainly composed of carbohydrate (51.24%) followed by crude protein (24.04%), crude fat (0.26%), dietary fiber (5.09), and ash (12.18%). Fatty acids, glucan and inorganic constituents were found as minor components. The neuritogenic activity of hot water extract was evaluated under microscopic observation of neurite outgrowth in PC12h cells and by measuring the neurite length of induvidual cell. The extract exhibited strong effect of neurite outgrowth in a dose-dependent manner from 0.01 mg/mL to 1 mg/mL, in which longer neurite outgrowth was observed as the treatment dose increased.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.1021-1024
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• 2009

We successfully prepared high-flow polycarbonate (PC) by blending commercial PC with a low molecular weight PC oligomer. The oligomer was synthesized by the addition of a large quantity of mono functional phenol groups, and the chain end group was reacted with p-tertiary butyl phenol (PTBP) to block the reactivity. The viscosity average molecular weight ($M_v$) for the oligomer was about 4,000-5,000 g/mol, compared to ~19,000 g/mol for the PC blend obtained by blending 10 wt% of the prepared oligomer with the commercial grade PC ($M_v$ of 21,000 g/mol). The blended PC had a melt flow index of 45, which is 2.5 times higher, and a processing temperature that was $20^{\circ}C$ lower, than that of commercial grade PC having a similar $M_v$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.229-232
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• 2000

This research aims at developing a low-cost PC-NC system based on one-CPU and investigating the feasibility of its application to a simple-function lathe. Its hardware consists a two axes motion control board including a 24bit counter, 8253 timer, a 12bit DA converter, DIO board for PLC operation and a PC with Intel Pentium 466MHz. The fundamental real-time MC functions such as G-code interpretation, interpolation, position and velocity control of axes are performed. User programming interface with functions of icon manipulation, tool-path simulation and NC-code generation was implemented. In order to achieve real-time control and safety, axis control, NC interpretation, interpolation and user communication are completely executed during every interrupt interval of I msec.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.829-833
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• 2002

Angiogenesis is an essential event in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, effective inhibition of this event is a promising strategy for treating angiogenesis-related diseases, including cancer. The current study investigated two unique bafilomycin-type macrolide inhibitors of angiogenesls, PC-766B' (1) and PC-766B (2). The strain RK97-56 which produced the inhibitors was identified as Nocardia sp. by chemotaxonomic analyses, and the purification of the inhibitors was guided by their anti-angiogenic activities. PC-766B' (1) and PC-766B (2) exhibited potent inhibitory activities towards endothelial cell migration stimulated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.259-267
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• 2015

This study was conducted to comparatively evaluate antioxidant capacity (AC) of seven cultivars of kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) and their protective effects on neuronal PC-12 cells. The contents of total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) of kiwifruits were also examined. Five cultivars of kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis (cv. Haehyang and cv. Haegeum), A. eriantha (cv. Bidan), A. arguta ${\times}$ A. deliciosa (cv. Mansoo), and A. arguta (cv. Chiak), were bred in Korea, while two cultivars, A. deliciosa (cv. Hayward) and A. linguiensis (accession number 041AE), originated from New Zealand and China, respectively. Skin extracts of kiwifruit showed higher TP, TF, and AC than flesh extracts. The highest levels of TP and AC were found in cv. Bidan flesh extract among cultivars studied, but the TF content of cv. Bidan flesh extract was the lowest. The kiwifruit bred in Korea had higher AC than their counterparts. AC of kiwifruit had a highly positive linear correlation with TP and TF. The flesh extracts from cv. Hayward, cv. Haehyang, and cv. Haegeum significantly (p < 0.05) prevented PC-12 cells from oxidative stress induced using $H_2O_2$ compared to a control with $H_2O_2$ only. Overall, our results suggest that kiwifruit bred in Korea may offer a good source of antioxidants and serve as functional materials.