• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.284-288
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to clarify the effects of supplying methods of selenium on the growth and Se uptake of hydroponically grown tomato plants. Tomato seeds (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Momotaro T-93, Daki Seed Co.) were sown in plug tray with fifty holes, and raised for sixty days. Tomato seedlings transplanted to coco fiber slabs were supplied with the nutrient solutions adjusted to EC $2.3dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and pH $5.8\~6.2$ recommended by the Japanese Horticultural Experiment Station. Selenium forms used were inorganic $SeO_2$ (here in after referred to Se) and organic selenium chlenium with sugar fatty acid ester (here in after referred to chelated-Se). 10 ppm selenium solutions were treated to tomato plants with foliar applications, drenching, and foliar application plus drenching. Growth characteristics in terms of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and chlorophyll content were significantly increased in the plot of foliar application ot Se, and in the plot of foliar application plus drenching of chelated-Se than other plots, respectively. Transported contents of selenium into the tomato fruits were highest as 0.302 ppm in the plot of foliar application plus drenching of chelated-Se. Also, it had tended to be higher in the plot of foliar application plus drenching than in the plots of foliar application or drenching in both of Se and chelated-Se. Foliar application and drenching of organic chelated-Se were effective to produce the functional tomato fruits.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.501-506
• /
• 2015

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of the National Train-the-Trainers Program for Hospice and Palliative Care Experts (TTHPC) sponsored by the National Cancer Center of Korea between 2009 and 2012. This program was developed to improve the teaching skills of those in the field of hospice and palliative care (HPC). Materials and Methods: Training was offered in eight 1-day sessions between 2009 and 2012. The effect of the program was measured using Kirkpatrick's model of educational outcomes. First, levels 1 and 2 were evaluated immediately after the 1-day program (n=120). In 2012, the level-3 evaluation test was administered to trainers who offered at least one HPC training (n=78) as well as to their trainees (n=537). Results: The level-1 evaluation addressed participant reactions to and satisfaction with the program. Participants (n=120) were generally satisfied with the content, the method, and the overall course (mean range: 3.94-4.46 on a five-point Likert scale). The level-2 evaluation (learning) showed that participants gained knowledge and confidence related to teaching HPC (4.24 vs. 4.00). The level-3 evaluation (behavioral), which assessed trainers' application of teaching skills to HPC, showed that trainees rated the teaching methods of trainers (mean range: 4.03-4.08) more positively than did trainers (p<0.05). Female trainers were more likely than were male trainers to plan sessions in consideration of their trainees' characteristics (4.11 vs. 3.58; p<0.05), and nurse trainers were more likely than physician trainers to use a variety of instructional methods (4.05 vs. 3.36; p<0.05) Conclusions: We conducted systematic evaluations based on Kirkpatrick's model to assess the effectiveness of our train-the-trainers program. Our educational program was practical, effective, and followed by our HPC experts, who needed guidance to learn and improve their clinical teaching skills.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 2014

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes major economic losses to the Korean pig industry. ELISA tests using recombinant nucleocapsid protein of PRRSV have been most commonly used for PRRS diagnostics. In the current study, two commercial PRRSV ELISA kits (Bionote PRRSV Antibody ELISA and IDEXX 3XR PRRS Antibody ELISA) have been compared using sera collected from 19 swine farms in various stages of PRRSV infection confirmed by professional diagnostic centers. Thus 130 sera collected from 5 different farms with active PRRSV infection, 130 sera from 6 different farms with PRRS-stabilized status, and 140 sera from 8 different farms with PRRS-free status were evaluated to determine the correlation of test results between those ELISA kits. Both ELISA kits showed a good correlation [PRRSV-positive farms ($R^2$=0.6375) and stabilized farms ($R^2$=0.8928)] in sample-to-positive (S/P) ratio va lues. Among the 140 sera from negative farms, one sample was falsely positive by either of the ELISA kits. In conclusion, both of the ELISA kits showed a good correlation when applied on field samples collected from farms at various stages of PRRSV infection. Bionote ELISA or IDEXX ELISA gave a false positive result on 1 out of 140 negative samples so their specificity was calculated as 99.3%. Therefore, Bionote ELISA would be a good complementary and alternative method for IDEXX ELISA kit, and vice versa.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2011

Purpose : Prehospital emergency care for shockable rhythm is one of major concerns of emergency medical services. But, in Korea, prehospital medical service systems are not yet well established. We tried to offer one of the fundamental data to develop of these system. Method : After application of exclusion criteria, 200 patients who had shockable rhythm from January to December, 2008 were included in this study. Restrospective review of Prehospital care Reports of these patients was done. Result : Total 200 cases of shockable rhythm and prehospital arrest were analyzed. The rates of assessment of vital signs were 89.0%, the rate of level of consiousness was 99.5%. Just 6.0% were communicated with medical director providing the prehospital care. The frequency of defibrillation was performed 58.5%. Conclusion : Survival rate was higher in defibrillation group than that of nondefibrillation group(20.5% vs 2.4%, p=0.000).

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.91-106
• /
• 2016

Two-dimensional elastoplastic finite element formulation is employed to investigate the load- carrying capacity degradation of reinforced concrete piers wrapped with steel plates due to occurrence of corrosion at the pier base. By comparing with experimental results, the employed finite element analysis method is verified to be accurate. After that, a series of parametric studies are conducted to investigate the effect of corrosion ratio and corrosion mode of steel plates located near the base of in-service pier P2 on load-carrying capacity of the piers. It is observed that the load-carrying capacity of the piers decreases with the increase in corrosion ratio of steel plates. There exists an obvious linear relationship between the load-carrying capacity and the corrosion ratio in the case of even corrosion mode. The degradation of load-carrying capacity resulted from the web's uneven corrosion mode is more serious than that under even corrosion mode, and the former case is more liable to occur than the latter case in actual engineering application. Finally, the failure modes of the piers under different corrosion state are discussed. It is found that the principal tensile strain of concrete and yield range of steel plates are distributed within a wide range in the case of slight corrosion, and they are concentrated on the column base when complete corrosion occurs. The findings obtained from the present study can provide a useful reference for the maintenance and strengthening of the in-service piers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.341-348
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the operators' perception of the allowable price range and the optimal price of kindergarten meals by using the PSM (price sensitivity measurement) technique and provide basic data on calculating kindergarten meal costs reflecting realistic meals. From April to May 2021, 779 kindergartens in Seoul were surveyed, based on 246 (31.6%) of the respondents. According to the survey, kindergarteners spent 3,506 won for meals on average, followed by 3,822 won for kindergarten attached to elementary school, 3,316 won for public kindergartens, and 2,896 won for private kindergartens (p<0.001). The allowed price range for the kindergarten meal service workers was estimated at 3,447~3854 won, 3,447 won for PMC (Point of Marginal Cheapness), and 3,854 won for PME (Point of Marginal Expensiveness). The appropriate cost of the kindergarten meal service provider was 3,950 won for kindergartens attached to elementary school, 3,425 won for public kindergartens, and 3,546 won for private kindergartens.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 한국막학회 1999년도 The 7th Summer Workshop of the Membrane Society of Korea
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 1999

Perfluoropolymers represent the ultimate resistance to hostile chemical environments and high service temperature, attributed to the presence of fluorine in the polymer backbone, i.e. to the high bond energy of C-F and C-C bonds of fluorocarbons. Copolymers of Tetrafluoroethylene (TEE) and 2, 2, 4Trifluoro-5Trifluorometoxy- 1, 3Dioxole (TTD), commercially known as HYFLON AD, are amorphous perfluoropolymers with glass transition temperature (Tg)higher than room temperature, showing a thermal decomposition temperature exceeding 40$0^{\circ}C$. These polymer systems are highly soluble in fluorinated solvents, with low solution viscosities. This property allows the preparation of self-supported and composite membranes with desired membrane thickness. Symmetric and asymmetric perfluoropolymer membranes, made with HYFLON AD, have been prepared and evaluated. Porous and not porous symmetric membranes have been obtained by solvent evaporation with various processing conditions. Asymmetric membranes have been prepared by th wet phase inversion method. Measure of contact angle to distilled water have been carried out. Figure 1 compares experimental results with those of other commercial membranes. Contact angles of about 120$^{\circ}$for our amorphous perfluoropolymer membranes demonstrate that they posses a high hydrophobic character. Measure of contact angles to hexandecane have been also carried out to evaluate the organophobic character. Rsults are reported in Figure 2. The observed strong organophobicity leads to excellent fouling resistance and inertness. Porous membranes with pore size between 30 and 80 nanometers have shown no permeation to water at pressures as high as 10 bars. However high permeation to gases, such as O2, N2 and CO2, and no selectivities were observed. Considering the porous structure of the membrane, this behavior was expected. In consideration of the above properties, possible useful uses in th field of gas- liquid separations are envisaged for these membranes. A particularly promising application is in the field of membrane contactors, equipments in which membranes are used to improve mass transfer coefficients in respect to traditional extraction and absorption processes. Gas permeation properties have been evaluated for asymmetric membranes and composite symmetric ones. Experimental permselectivity values, obtained at different pressure differences, to various single gases are reported in Tab. 1, 2 and 3. Experimental data have been compared with literature data obtained with membranes made with different amorphous perfluoropolymer systems, such as copolymers of Perfluoro2, 2dimethyl dioxole (PDD) and Tetrafluorethylene, commercialized by the Du Pont Company with the trade name of Teflon AF. An interesting linear relationship between permeability and the glass transition temperature of the polymer constituting the membrane has been observed. Results are descussed in terms of polymer chain structure, which affects the presence of voids at molecular scale and their size distribution. Molecular Dyanmics studies are in progress in order to support the understanding of these results. A modified Theodoru- Suter method provided by the Amorphous Cell module of InsightII/Discover was used to determine the chain packing. A completely amorphous polymer box of about 3.5 nm was considered. Last but not least the use of amorphous perfluoropolymer membranes appears to be ideal when separation processes have to be performed in hostile environments, i.e. high temperatures and aggressive non-aqueous media, such as chemicals and solvents. In these cases Hyflon AD membranes can exploit the outstanding resistance of perfluoropolymers.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.325-333
• /
• 2022

Heart failure (HF) has become one of the severe public health problems. The detailed role of mitochondrial function in HF was still unclear. Benzoylaconine (BAC) is a traditional Chinese medicine, but its role in HF still needs to be explored. In this study, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) was executed to mimic the injury of H9C2 cells in HF. The viability of H9C2 cells was assessed via MTT assay. OGD/R treatment markedly decreased the viability of H9C2 cells, but BAC treatment evidently increased the viability of OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells. The apoptosis of H9C2 was enhanced by OGD/R treatment but suppressed by BAC treatment. The mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated via JC-1 assay. BAC improved the mitochondrial function and suppressed oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expression of p-AMPK and PGC-1α were reduced in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells, which was reversed by BAC. Rescue assays indicated that AMPK attenuation reversed the BAC-mediated protective effect on OGD/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, BAC alleviated myocardial injury in vivo. In a word, BAC modulated the mitochondrial function in OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury by activation of the AMPK/PGC-1 axis. The findings might provide support for the application of BAC in the treatment of HF.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.161-164
• /
• 2010

For the development of a sporeless strain of P. ostreatus we used sporeless strain ASI 2069. We have recovered both nuclear types of strain ASI 2069 as monokaryons of nh9, nh15, nh26 and nh36 (here after referred to as neohaplonts) by protoplasting the mycelium. Crosses between neohaplonts and SSI's(single spore isolates) obtained from a sporulating commercial strain ASI 2180. Five excellent strains are selected from 30 bred strains by quality of fruitbodies and spore number. To development of molecular markers linked to sporeless strain of P. ostreatus, we are screened helicase, recombinase(DMC1) and topoisomerase(Spo11) genes related meiosis by PCR and sequencing. Among three genes, Spo11 gene was identified into molecular marker of sporeless from neohaplonts and bred strains of P. ostreatus.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• 제50호
• /
• pp.61-87
• /
• 2017

National Assembly is a constitutional institution that is required to first consult the will of the people and it should do its effort continuously so that security of citizens using parking lot would be enhanced at the same time while improving parking service in order to increase customer satisfaction of the people. Under this recognition, in this study, Doonchi parking lot of National Assembly under consigned management was first reviewed in a perspective of criminal prevention through environmental design(CPTED) and particularly, fence installation and reinforcement work for securing 'territoriality' and operation of all round shooting camera and installation of No-trespassing warning board at entrance were suggested. Second, it was recommended to change independent control system in which CCTV security system of National Assembly Doonchi parking lot is operated separately from National Assembly safety situation room and integrate it with National Assembly safety situation room(revised to double safety system) and performance of CCTV camera was made to be increased to over 2m. In addition, video recording mode was converted to NVR mode for application to IP camera in the future and in order to avoid dead zone of security monitoring area and based on site inspection result, addition 3 places of newly installing CCTV were indicated. Third, it was recommended to introduce parking fare billing and management system through unmanned equipment in parking lot management and operation.(specialized management of professional parking service provider was reviewed). By doing so, risk of cash handling by charging personnel was removed by reducing current 7 working personnel to 3 and particularly, by converting parking lot management mode being operated temporarily from 9 A.M. to 9 P.M. at present to 24 hours operation mode and providing more specialized parking service, citizens visiting National Assembly were provided with convenience and image of National Assembly was also enhanced. This study was carried out in parallel with various literature and case studies, including data from the Office of the Defense Protection in the National Assembly.