• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.145-149
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• 2002

Fully integrated with European system. Duisburg: 7 hrs; Hamburg 21: Dresden 30. Antwerp: 3; Paris: 10; Basel 14. 2600 kilometers--2000 km electrified with 1500V overhead wire.(omitted)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.1500-1506
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• 2011

Tyrosinase is a widespread enzyme with great promising capabilities. The Lineweaver-Burk plots of the catecholase reactions showed that the kinetics of mushroom tyrosinase (MT), activated by $Co^{2+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ at different pHs (6, 7, 8 and 9) obeyed the non-essential activation mode. The binding of metal ions to the enzyme increases the maximum velocity of the enzyme due to an increase in the enzyme catalytic constant ($k_{cat}$). From the kinetic analysis, dissociation constants of the activator from the enzyme-metal ion complex ($K_a$) were obtained as $5{\times}10^4M^{-1}$ and $8.33{\times}10^3M^{-1}$ for $Co^{2+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ at pH 9 and 6 respectively. The structural analysis of MT through circular dichroism (CD) and intensive fluorescence spectra revealed that the conformational stability of the enzyme in these pHs reaches its maximum value in the presence of each of the two metal ions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate rice yield and soil chemical properties affected by incorporation levels of green barley (GB) and hairy vetch (HV). The GB and HV were applied to the pots at 500, 1,000, 1,500, and $2,000kg\;10^{-1}$ (GB500, GB1000, GB1500, GB2000, HV500, HV1000, HV1500, and HV2000, respectively), and inorganic fertilizer ($N-P-K=9-4.5-5.7kg\;10a^{-1}$) treatment as control. After rice harvesting, chemical properties of soil such as pH, OM, T-N, and available $P_2O_5$ in GB and HV treated treatments were improved over those in Control treatment. The rice yield ranged from 433 to $512kg\;10a^{-1}$ for GB treatments and 490 to $532kg\;10a^{-1}$ for HV treatments, indicating that rice yield was affected by incorporation levels of GB and HV. The rice yields in GB2000, HV1000, HV1500 and HV2000 treatments increased by 3.3, 3.1, 6.4 and 7.4% compared with Control treatment, respectively. Therefore, minimum incorporation level of GB and HV for increasing rice yield was $2,000kg\;10a^{-1}$ of GB and $1,000kg\;10a^{-1}$ of HV.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.43 no.1 s.343
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• pp.37-44
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• 2006

This paper proposes an interconnect delay fault test (IDFT) solution on boards and SoCs based on IEEE 1149.1 and IEEE P1500. A new IDFT system clock rising edge generator which forces output boundary scan cells to update test data at the rising edge of system clock and input boundary scan cells to capture the test data at the next rising edge of the system clock is introduced. Using this proposed circuit, IDFT for interconnects synchronized to different system clocks in frequency can be achieved efficiently. Moreover, the proposed IDFT technique does not require any modification of the boundary scan cells or the standard TAP controller is simple in terms of test procedure and is small in terms of area overhead.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.54-64
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• 2002

Recently System On a Chip(SoC) design based on IP cores has become the trend of If design To prevent the testing problem from becoming the bottleneck of the core-based design, defining of an efficient test architecture and a successful test methodology are mandatory. This paper describes a test architecture and a test control access mechanism for SoC based on IEEE 1149.1 boundary,scan. The proposed SoC test architecture is fully compatible with IEEE P1500 Standard for Embedded Core Test(SECT), and applicable for both TAPed cores and Wrapped cores within a SOC with the same test access mechanism. Controlled by TCK, TMS, TDI, and TDO, the proposed test architecture provides a hierarchical test feature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.585-590
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• 1997

Between December 1994 and October 1996, 57 premature infants with evidence of a hemodynamically significant PDA associated with cardiopulmonary compromise underwent indomethcin therapy(Group I, n=48) or surgical ligation(Group II, n=9) because of indomethacin failure. The gestational alee(29.6$\pm$ 3.1weeks vs. 28.1 $\pm$ 1.6weeks) and birth weight(1,413 $\pm$ 580gm, ,098 $\pm$ 235gm) showed no significant differences between the two groups. Medical management included fluid restriction, diuretics, and indomethacin therapy(one or two cycles). Surgical libation was done at the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) without moving the patient to the operation room. There was no complication associated with the operation. There were 9 deaths in Group I(19%, 9/48) and 2 deaths in Group II(22% , 219). The main causes of deaths were persistent bronchopulmonary dysplasia with sepsis(n=8) and intrapulmonary hemorrhage(n=3). The rate of medical treatment failure including death and complication in premature infants whose body weights were less than 1500gm was higher(41%, 15/38) than in premature infants whose body weights were more than 1500gm(16%, 3/19). Early surgical ligation of PDA may be applicable in the premature infant with a large size, low birth weight(<1500 gm), or associated intracardiac anomalies. Perfoming the operation in the NICU may be safe in s ead of moving the patient to the operating room.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.611-617
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• 1996

The effects of nutritional sources on growth of Pseudomonas sp. P2 were investigated in medium containing biphentyl as a carbon source. To determine characterization of Pseudomonas sp. P2, the incubation time was determined to 100 h of the log phase in the growth curve. The optimal compositions for the growth of Pseudomonas sp. P2 degrading polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were 1000 mg/L $NH_4NO_3$, 1000mg/L KH_2PO_4$, 100mg/L MgSO_4$.$7H_2O$, 30mg/L $CaCl_2$.$2H_2O$, 200mg/L NaCl, and 10mg/L $FeSO_4$.$7H_2O$. Pseudomonas sp. P2 showed the degradability of 59.3%, 57.6%, 51.4%, and 48.7% at 500mg/L, 1000mg/L, 1500mg/L, and 2000mg/L of the PCBs within insulating oil after 100 h incubation under the optimum conditions, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.922-930
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• 2021

Objective: It is uncertain why a b-value range of 1500-2000 s/mm² is optimal. This study was aimed at qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the optimal b-value range of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging (sDWI) for evaluating prostatic index lesions. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 92 patients who underwent DWI and targeted biopsy for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-suggested index lesions. We generated sDWI at a b-value range of 1000-3000 s/mm² using dedicated software and true DWI data at b-values of 0, 100, and 1000 s/mm². We hypothesized that lesion conspicuity would be best when the background (i.e., MRI-suggested benign prostatic [bP] and periprostatic [pP] regions) signal intensity (SI) is suppressed and becomes homogeneous. To prove this hypothesis, we performed both qualitative and quantitative analyses. For qualitative analysis, two independent readers analyzed the b-value showing the best visual conspicuity of an MRI-suggested index lesion. For quantitative analysis, the readers assessed the b-value showing the same bP and pP region SI. The 95% confidence interval (CI) or interquartile range of qualitatively and quantitatively selected optimal b-values was assessed, and the mean difference between qualitatively and quantitatively selected b-values was investigated. Results: The 95% CIs of optimal b-values from qualitative and quantitative analyses were 1761-1805 s/mm² and 1640-1771 s/mm² (median, 1790 s/mm² vs. 1705 s/mm²; p = 0.003) for reader 1, and 1835-1895 s/mm² and 1705-1841 s/mm² (median, 1872 s/mm² vs. 1763 s/mm²; p = 0.022) for reader 2, respectively. Interquartile ranges of qualitatively and quantitatively selected optimal b-values were 1735-1873 s/mm² and 1573-1867 s/mm² for reader 1, and 1775-1945 s/mm² and 1591-1955 s/mm² for reader 2, respectively. Bland-Altman plots consistently demonstrated a mean difference of less than 100 s/mm² between qualitatively and quantitatively selected optimal b-values. Conclusion: b-value range showing a homogeneous background signal may be optimal for evaluating prostatic index lesions on sDWI. Our qualitative and quantitative data consistently recommend b-values of 1500-2000 s/mm².

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.33-41
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• 2004

In this paper, a polarimetric fiber optic current sensor(P-FOCS) is experimented and fabricated, and then a possibility to the commercial utilization of the P-FOCS is also investigated. The P-FOCS measures an applied current by a Faraday rotation linearly proportional to a magnetic field generated by the applied current. The bending-induced linear birefringence in the sensing fiber is minimized by using the low birefringent fiber. Also, all fiber-optic components are used to avoid optical losses coming from the use of bulk components. A signal processing circuit is constructed and used to eliminate the effects of intensity variations in the output signal due to losses coming from misalignments of components such as fiber connectors. Using the optical source of 632.8nm wavelength, Faraday rotation is measured by passing through the sensing fiber within the solenoid of about 1500 turns which is equivalent to a current source of about 7500A. In the range of 1000A to 7500A, the measurement error for linearity is within about 1.5%.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.335-450
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• 1986

The thermodynamic dissociation constants of $[Co(en)]_3Cl_3\;and\;[Co(NH_3)_6Cl_3$ in aqueous solutions at $25{\circ}$ and at the pressure from 1 bar to 2000 bars were measured by conductometric method. The dissociation constants were increased with pressure elevation because of volume decreasing by the formation of charged ions during dissociation reaction. That is, the $pK^T$ values of $[Co(en)]_3Cl_3$ were 2.16 for I bar, 2.08 for 500 bars, 2,08 for 1000 bars, 2.05 for 1500 bars and 2.03 for 2000 bars, respectively and those of $[Co(NH_3)_6Cl_3$ were 2.02 for 1 bar 1.96 for 500 bars, 1.90 for 1000 bars, 1. 88 for 1500 bars and 1. 87 for 2000 bars, respectively. Comparing and analyzing the values of Stokes' radii and $K^T$, the formation of ion pair compound was affected by not only the electrostatic interaction, but also the Interal Conjugate Base(ICB), which was increased by the elevation of the pressure.