• 한국음향학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 FVQ-DHMM(fuzzy vector quantization-discrete hidden Markov model)에서 강인한 출력확률의 추정을 위해서 코드워드 종속 거리 정규화와 출력확률에 대한 instar 형태의 퍼지 평활화 방법을 제안한다. FVQ-DHMM은 DHMM의 변형된 모델로, 상태별 출력확률이 입력패턴에 대한 각 코드워드와의 가중치와 출력확률의 곱에 대한 합의 형태로 추정된다. FVQ-DHMM의 성능이 가중치 요소와 상태별 출력분포에 영향을 받으므로, 가중치 요소와 상태별 출력분포를 강인하게 추정하는 방법이 필요하게 된다. 실험결과, 제안된 코드워드 종속 거리 정규화(CDDN : codeword dependent distance normalization)를 적용한 방법이 기존의 FVQ-DHMM에 비해 24%의 오인식률 감소가 있었으며, 상태별 출력분포에 대해서 평활화를 적용한 경우 79%의 오식율을 감소 시킴을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 제안된 CDDN과 퍼지 평활화의 사용이 향상된 인식율을 얻는데 주요하며, 결과적으로 제안된 방법이 FVQ-HMM을 위한 강인한 출력확률의 추정을 위한 대안으로 유용함을 보여준다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2021

본 논문은 루프필터 전압 감지기와 주파수 전압 변환기를 이용하여 잡음 특성을 개선한 위상고정루프의 구조를 제안한다. 루프 필터 전압 변화는 저항과 커패시턴스로 구성된 회로에 의해서 출력이 결정된다. 시정수 값이 작은 회로를 지나는 신호는 루프 필터의 평균 출력 전압과 거의 같은 값을 가진다. 시정수 값이 큰 회로를 지나는 신호는 루프 필터 평균 출력 값을 가지며, 추가된 루프필터 전압 감지기에서 기준 신호가 된다. 루프필터 전압 감지기 출력은 보조 전하펌프의 전류 크기를 제어한다. 루프 필터 출력 전압이 상승하면 루프필터 전압 감지기는 루프 필터 출력 전압을 하강하게 하고, 또는 루프 필터 출력 전압이 하강하면 루프필터 전압 감지기는 루프 필터 출력 전압을 상승하게 한다. 또한 주파수 전압 변환기도 필터 출력 전압 변동 폭을 줄여주어 제안된 위상고정루프의 잡음 특성을 개선해준다. 제안된 위상고정루프는 1.8V 0.18㎛ CMOS 공정을 이용하여 설계한다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 0.854ps 지터와 30㎲ 위상 고정 시간을 보여준다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.88-97
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• 2012

This paper presents a method for the digital control of a high power factor AC/DC converter employing the power balance control technique to achieve a fast response of the output voltage control. To avoid the effects of an output voltage ripple in the voltage control loop, the average output voltage is sampled and used as a feedback signal for the output voltage controller. The proposed control technique was verified by simulations using MATLAB/Simulink and its implementation was realized by a dsPIC30F4011 digital signal processor to control a CUK topology AC/DC converter with a 48V output voltage and a 250 W output power. The experimental results agree with the simulation results. The proposed control technique achieves a fast transient response with a lower line current distortion than is achieved when using a conventional proportional-integral controller and the power balance control technique with the conventional sampling method.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2014

In the design of battery chargers, limiting the output ripple current according to the manufacturer's recommendation is important for reliable service and extended battery life. Ripple components can cause internal heating of the battery and thus reduce the service life of the battery. Care must be exerted in the design of the switching converter for the charge application through the accurate estimation of the output current ripple value. This study proposes a method to reduce the output current ripple of the converter and presents a detailed analysis of the output current ripple of the DC-DC boost converter to provide a guideline for the design of the battery charger.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1604-1607
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• 2004

In this paper, we consider a problem of asymptotic output regulation of a class of uncertain nonlinear systems by output feedback. The system under consideration is in the Parametric-Pure-Feedback Form, which does not satisfy the existing conditions such as the triangularity condition or the Lipschitz condition. We propose a linear output feedback controller with a scaling factor, which asymptotically regulates the output of the considered system.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권7호
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• pp.1405-1410
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• 2009

Output voltage of a DC/DC power converter system is likely to be distorted if variable loads exist in the output terminal. This paper presents a new disturbance observer(DOB) approach to maintain a robust regulation of the output voltage of a boost type DC/DC converter. Unlike the buck-type converter case, the regulation problem of the boost converter is very complicated by the fact that, with respect to the output voltage to be regulated, the system is non-minimum phase. Owing to the non-minimum phase property the classical DOB approach has not been applied to the boost converter. Motivated by a recent result on the application of DOB to non-mimimum phase system, an output feedback control law is proposed by using a parallel feedforward compensator. Simulation results using the Simulink SimPowerSystems prove the performance of the proposed controller against load variation.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.191-199
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• 2016

In this study, we investigate the safety requirements and test methods of a radiofrequency stimulator. The main test items include controls of a minimum output, accommodation range, and output parameters that have been known as the safety requirements in conformity with international standards. As the test criteria for controlling the minimum output, an increase or decrease in a unit of 1 mA or 1 V or less was applied to the output amplitude regulator for both continuous and discontinuous control, and the output at the minimum setting was manipulated to not exceed 2% of the maximum setting. For controlling the output parameters, one of the representative test criteria states that the current limit of 250 mA should be equal to or less than 1,500 Hz. Consequently, when applying the radiofrequency stimulator on the human body, we need to ensure that the safety requirements conform to the international standards.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.593-603
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• 2016

This paper presents the development of linear quadratic regulation and output tracking algorithms using output feedback when both the measurement and performance output equations contain direct feedthrough terms. Although all physical systems can be modeled without direct feedthrough, there are still many situations where system models with direct feedthrough are important. For this situation, we modify previous work on the same topic for systems without direct feedthrough. It is shown that for the regulation problem, the optimal output feedback gain for a direct feedthrough case can be directly obtained, via a transformation, from the approach used for systems without direct feedthrough. However, for the tracking problem, a new set of coupled matrix equations for determining the optimal output feedback gain is derived from the necessary conditions for minimizing the cost function. The effectiveness of the developed algorithms is demonstrated using numerical examples.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1166-1173
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• 2009

In this paper, we studied on the power amplifier which has the output of the optimal to 100MHz-2GHz band. Optimal output power match was fabricated using the two types; one is the linear tapering and the other is the impedance transformer. In the case of output power match using linear tapering, output power was 35.35dBm at 2GHz and 31.41dBm at 100MHz. The other case of output match using impedance transformer, output power was 34.8dBm at 2GHz and 33.25dBm at 100MHz. Comparison of the results in the two cases, impedance transformer type present the improved results by l.84dB of output power.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.212-217
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• 2014

The electric power output characteristics of magnesium fuel cell were investigated with regard to internal resistance. A equivalent circuit with the series-connected three internal resistance was introduced to analyze of the response to change of power. The power output analysis was employed in order to investigate the effect of internal resistances for the electrolyte concentration, air electrode area, Mg electrode area and distance between the electrodes. It was confirmed that internal resistance is generated by the electrolyte, air electrode and metal electrode, then those Internal resistances had a significant effect on the power output decrease. The power output was a maximum when the load resistance maches the internal resistance of the magnesium fuel cell. The fuel efficiency was only 50% at maximum power output. Higher fuel efficiency was achieved when the load resistance is greater than the internal resistance.