• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2002년도 제38회 학술심포지움
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• pp.48-60
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• 2002

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine that stimulates the production of granulocytes, macrophages, and white blood cells. The effects of osmotic pressure on secretion of human GM-CSF into the culture medium were investigated in suspension cultures of transgenic tobacco cells. An increase in osmotic pressure caused by the addition of mannitol decreased the cell size index, with the effect being more pronounced when cells were measured wet rather than dry. Increased osmotic pressure enhanced the secretion of hGM-CSF. At 90 g/L mannitol, the maximum concentration tested, hGM-CSF was present in the culture medium at 980 ug/L. As the concentration of mannitol increased, the total amount of protein secreted also increased, but was disproportionately enriched in GM-CSF NaCl, another osmoticum, had very similar effects on cell growth and hGM-CSF production, but did not cause enrichment for hGM-CSF Additionally, protein-stabilizing polymer was added to culture broth to enhance stability of secreted recombinant protein. Finally, above two method were applied together to maximize the productivity.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.444-454
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• 2002

이 연구에서는 고등학교 화학과 생물 교과서, 대학교 화학 및 생물 교재를 중심으로 삼투압과 반투막의 개념에 대한 설명 유형을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 삼투압에 개념에 관련된 설명 유형은 대략 4개 정도의 유형이 있었으며, 반투막에 관한 설명 유형은 3가지 정도가 있었다. 특히 이러한 설명 유형 사이에는 시각의 차이가 있어서 같은 개념이 전혀 다른 현상으로 이해될 수 있는 경우도 있었다. 이러한 설명 유형의 차이는 학생들의 이해에 혼란을 가져올 수 있으므로 교과서 구성에서 재고할 필요가 있다고 본다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2000

다상 에멀젼의 제조에 있어 염이 존재하지 않을 시 삼투 현상으로 인해 내부의 수상이 외부로 모두 방출되어 다상 에멀젼이 형성되지 않음으로 내상에 NaCl 과 같은 염의 최소한의 함량이 필요하다. 그러나 이에 따른 부작용으로 내상에 염이 존재하면 외상에서 내상으로의 삼투압이 형성되게 된다. 따라서 삼투압의 균형은 다상 에멀젼의 초기 수시간 동안의 안정화에 중요하며, 삼투압 균형에 있어 내상이 외상보다 높은 것이 안정성이 높다는 것을 실험으로 확인하였으며, 본 연구 결과 삼투압을 감소시키는 방법으로 외부 수상에 NaCl같은 전해질이나 베타인, 글루코스와 같은 삼투 효과가 있는 단당류 보습 성분의 투입이 필요하다. 특히, 베타인과 글루코스는 우수한 삼투압 감소 효과가 있었으며 이에 따른 다상 에멀젼의 입자 안정성 증가도 확인할 수 있었다 또한 내부 수상에 사용한 전해질 중에서 NaCl 이 MgSO4 보다 내부 W/O 상의 지속력 및 W/O/W 다상의 입자 안정성 면에서 우수하였다. 이는 NaCl 이 MgSO4 보다 물에 대한 용해도와 삼투압 자체가 크고 2 가 이온에 비해 다상 에멀전 형성시 주요 계면활성제에 미치는 영향이 적어 안정성이 증가된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.325-329
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• 2019

This study was designed to compare the effects of continuous release of an anti-glaucoma drug applied by an osmotic pump and by conventional eye drop instillation in normal beagle dogs, by measuring drug concentration in the blood and monitoring intra-ocular pressure (IOP). In group 1, an osmotic pump filled with Trusopt® was implanted subcutaneously over the right eye of each dog and the IOP was measured. In group 2, the right eye of each dog was administered with 2% dorzolamide (Trusopt®, Merck, USA) three times per day. Blood was sampled once per week in all groups. The IOP of the end of this study was 16.7 ± 0.58 mmHg in group 2 and 17.7 ± 2.52 mmHg in group 2. Dorzolamide concentration in blood increased continuously over 4 weeks up to 585.8 ± 79.42 ㎍/L in group 1, and 747.3 ± 27.89 ㎍/L in group 2. We achieved satisfactory results in the osmotic pump group, which had a similar effect on IOP, and low fluctuations in IOP. Therefore, the results of this study should allow osmotic pumps to be consider as an alternative method to eye drops for the effective, safe, and convenient treatment of glaucoma.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2003

Microfluidic chips such as lab-on-a-chip (LOC) include micro-channels for sample delivery, mixing, reaction, and separation. Pressure driven flow or electro-osmotic flow (EOF) has been usually employed to deliver bio-samples. Having some advantages of easy control, the flow characteristics of EOF in microchannels should be fully understood to effectively control the electro-osmotic pump for bio-sam-pie delivery. In this study, a micro PIV system with an epifluorescence inverted microscope and a cooled CCD was used to measure velocity fields of EOF in a glass microchannel and a PDMS microchannel. The EOF velocity fields were changed with respect to electric charge of seeding particles and microchannel materials used. The EOF has nearly uniform velocity distribution inside the microchannel when pressure gradient effect is negligible. The mean streamwise velocity is nearly proportional to the applied electric field. Glass microchannels give better repeatability in PIV results, compared with PDMS microchannels which are easy to fabricate and more suitable for PIV experiments.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to confirm the effect of the type of dissolution media and paddle speed on nifedipine (ND) release profile from osmotic granule and the storage stability. Osmotic granule was manufactured by fluidized bed coating method. At each coating step, morphology of osmotic granule was differed. The size of osmotic granule was $750\;{\mu}m$ at 3 wt% membrane thickness. ND release was changed in diverse dissolution media, paddle speed. ND release is governed by not only osmotic pressure but diffusion from osmotic granule. ND release from osmotic granule decreased as storage period increased. These may be caused by liquid excipient which has low molecular weight. Storage stability of osmotic granule could be improved by removing liquid excipient from semipermeable membrane.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.2137-2139
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• 2004

Cancer cell lysis at pulsed DC is realized using micromachined electrodes. In this research, quantitative analyses are performed on cell lysis results. The cell volume increasing at the pulses applied are analyzed in different medium conditions on osmotic pressure and conductivity, and the cell lysis procedures are studied in detail experimentally. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is used as the medium. To change the conductivity of PBS, NaCl concentration of PBS is adjusted, and inositol is used with PBS to control the effects of the osmotic pressure to cell lysis performance.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.435-441
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• 2008

More time is required for consolidating soft clay when its hydraulic conductivity around the vertical drains is reduced by soil disturbance. One of the methods to be proposed to solve such problem is the electro-osmotic flow application. This study presents the experimental results of model tests using a modified oedometer and a large-scale cylinder with a sand drain. Results show that the development of negative excessive pore water pressure due to the DC electrical field in saturated clay can be transformed to additional loads causing more consolidation settlement.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.299-305
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• 2006

삼투압 환경에서 D-alaninepeptidase가 세균의 생존에 미치는 영향을 D-alaninepeptidase에 노출시킨 세균의 생존율로 살려본 바, 균을 D-alaninepeptidase와 삼투압에 동시에 노출시켰을 때, 균의 생존율이 대조군에 비하여 현저히 감소되었는데, 그람 양성 구균보다 그람 음성 간균의 생존감소율이 더욱 컸다. D-Alaninepeptidase와 높은 삼투압 환경에 노출시킨 균의 경우, 삼투압에만 노출시킨 대조군에 비하여 균체의 와해 또는 손상을 받은 비정형적 균의 수가 많이 증가했음을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. D-Alaninepeptidase와 항생제에 동시에 노출시킨 세균들(항생제 내성 균주 포함)의 항생제(gentamycin, vancomycin, kanamycin)에 대한 감수성을 원판확산법으로 살펴본바 D-alaninepeptidase에 노출시킨 세균들의 항생제 감수성이 증가하는 추세였는데 Proteus vulgaris 균주들의 vancomycin에 대한 감수성 증가는 괄목할 만하였다. 따라서 D-alaninepeptidase에 의하여 세균벽이 취약해져 삼투압이나 항생제 같은 외적 환경에 균이 민감해지는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 2005

To identify salt-tolerance characteristics of corn seedling was treated in solution of 0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl of hydroponic cultivation. In photosynthesis of corn seedling, there was no large difference between 50mM and 0 mM NaCl solution, however, in 100 mM NaCl solution, the tolerance gradually decreased to $76\%,\;49\%,\;and\;31\%$ after one day, four days, and seven days, respectively, in comparison to 0 mM NaCl solution. Osmotic potential of corn in seedling period was significantly decreased with increasing saline level, however, free proline content in the plant on the ground was significantly increased with increasing saline level and with the lapse of time. In terms of correlation among major characteristics, there was a highly significant positive difference between osmotic pressure potential and photosynthesis, However, highly negative correlation was found between osmotic pressure potential and free proline content. In addition, it was expected that young seedling of corn with saline tolerance may be utilized in the transplantation in salt-accumulated land. Based on above-shown result, in terms of saline tolerance of Chalok-2 variety, growth suppression was serious with 100mM NaCl solution. However, growth was expected that seedling growth would be favorable under 50 mM NaCl solution.