• Title/Summary/Keyword: Organ systems

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Research of Improvement, and System of the Information Security Management Evaluation (보안관리수준 평가 체계에 대한 분석 및 개선안 연구)

  • Min, Byung-Gil;Lee, Do-Hoon
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.101-112
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    • 2006
  • It will not be able to guarantee the secure operation for the information and communication systems with only technical security. So, ISMS(Information Security Management System) research and standardization are active going on. Korea published "The national cyber security management regulation" and "The national cyber security manual" in 2005. According to the regulation and manual, the government organ and public institution must accomplish the security management assessment to itself for systematic management of an information security. We studied related standards and security management systems of the Australia and the USA, and analyzed the security management evaluation system in "The national cyber security manual" in efficient security management focus. We presented the improvement direction of national security evaluation system through the research. We propose the additional control, selective control set and improvement of the evaluation process for efficient security management. Proposed system possible composition of suitable to each organ and flexible adaptation of rapidly changed information environment.

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A Dose Volume Histogram Analyzer Program for External Beam Radiotherapy (방사선치료 관련 연구를 위한 선량 체적 히스토그램 분석 프로그램 개발)

  • Kim, Jin-Sung;Yoon, Myong-Geun;Park, Sung-Yong;Shin, Jung-Suk;Shin, Eun-Hyuk;Ju, Sang-Gyu;Han, Young-Yih;Ahn, Yong-Chan
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.240-248
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: To provide a simple research tool that may be used to analyze a dose volume histogram from different radiation therapy planning systems for NTCP (Normal Tissue Complication Probability), OED (Organ Equivalent Dose) and so on. Materials and Metohds: A high-level computing language was chosen to implement Niemierko's EUD, Lyman-Kutcher-Burman model's NTCP, and OED. The requirements for treatment planning analysis were defined and the procedure, using a developed GUI based program, was described with figures. The calculated data, including volume at a dose, dose at a volume, EUD, and NTCP were evaluated by a commercial radiation therapy planning system, Pinnacle (Philips, Madison, WI, USA) for comparison. Results: The volume at a special dose and a dose absorbed in a volume on a dose volume histogram were successfully extracted using DVH data of several radiation planning systems. EUD, NTCP and OED were successfully calculated using DVH data and some required parameters in the literature. Conclusion: A simple DVH analyzer program was developed and has proven to be a useful research tool for radiation therapy.

Prognostic Accuracy of the Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment for Outcomes Among Patients with Trauma in the Emergency Department: A Comparison with the Modified Early Warning Score, Revised Trauma Score, and Injury Severity Score

  • Kang, Min Woo;Ko, Seo Young;Song, Sung Wook;Kim, Woo Jeong;Kang, Young Joon;Kang, Kyeong Won;Park, Hyun Soo;Park, Chang Bae;Kang, Jeong Ho;Bu, Ji Hwan;Lee, Sung Kgun
    • Journal of Trauma and Injury
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.3-12
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: To evaluate the severity of trauma, many scoring systems and predictive models have been presented. The quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is a simple scoring system based on vital signs, and we expect it to be easier to apply to trauma patients than other trauma assessment tools. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study of trauma patients who visited the emergency department of Jeju National University Hospital. We excluded patients under the age of 18 years and unknown outcomes. We calculated the qSOFA, the Modified Early Warning Score (mEWS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and Injury Severity Score (ISS) based on patients' initial vital signs and assessments performed in the emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was mortality within 14 days of trauma. We analyzed qSOFA scores using multivariate logistic regression analysis and compared the predictive accuracy of these scoring systems using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: In total, 27,764 patients were analyzed. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis of the qSOFA, the adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality relative to a qSOFA score of 0 were 27.82 (13.63-56.79) for a qSOFA score of 1, 373.31 (183.47-759.57) for a qSOFA score of 2, and 494.07 (143.75-1698.15) for a qSOFA score of 3. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the qSOFA, mEWS, ISS, and RTS in predicting the outcomes, for mortality, the AUROC for the qSOFA (AUROC [95% CI]; 0.912 [0.871-0.952]) was significantly greater than those for the ISS (0.700 [0.608-0.793]) and RTS (0.160 [0.108-0.211]). Conclusions: The qSOFA was useful for predicting the prognosis of trauma patients evaluated in the ED.

Modeling Jamming Avoidance Response of Pulse-type Weakly Electric Fish (전기물고기의 방해 회피 반응 모델링과 응용)

  • Soh, JaeHyun;Kim, DaeEun
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.924-929
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, we suggest a phase difference algorithm inspired by weakly electric fish. Weakly electric fish is a fish which generates electric field though its electric organ in the tail. The weakly electric fish search for prey and detect an object by using electrolocation. The weakly electric fish have Jamming Avoidance Response (JAR) to avoid jamming signal. One of pulse-type weakly electric fish Gymnotus carapo also have JAR to reduce the probability of coincidence of pulses. We analyze this response signal and design the phase difference algorithm. We expect that simple algorithm inspired by weakly electric fish can be used in many engineering fields.

An Exploratory Study on the Application Strategy of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Human Resource Management (인적자원관리를 위한 조직시민행동의 적용전략에 관한 탐색적 연구)

  • Song Kyung-Soo
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.4
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    • pp.201-224
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    • 2000
  • Since Organ(1977) published a paper on the importance of organizational citizenship behavior, studies of organizational citizenship behavior have increased continuously. An exploratory study on the application strategy of organizational citizenship behavior for human resource management is very scarce. Many organizational researchers so far, have focused on investigating in-job behavior. Yet, from a decade, organizational researchers have recognized that in-job behavior alone can not explain sufficiently job performance or organizational effectiveness. Thus, they have paid attention to extra-job behavior, which is generally called as organizational citizenship behavior. Focusing on the importance of human resource management in organizational citizenship behavior, this paper is to examine an exploratory study on the application strategy of organizational citizenship behavior.

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Clearing and Labeling Techniques for Large-Scale Biological Tissues

  • Seo, Jinyoung;Choe, Minjin;Kim, Sung-Yon
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.439-446
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    • 2016
  • Clearing and labeling techniques for large-scale biological tissues enable simultaneous extraction of molecular and structural information with minimal disassembly of the sample, facilitating the integration of molecular, cellular and systems biology across different scales. Recent years have witnessed an explosive increase in the number of such methods and their applications, reflecting heightened interest in organ-wide clearing and labeling across many fields of biology and medicine. In this review, we provide an overview and comparison of existing clearing and labeling techniques and discuss challenges and opportunities in the investigations of large-scale biological systems.

What is the disease burden from childhood and adolescent obesity?: a narrative review

  • Eun Byoul Lee
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.150-157
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    • 2024
  • The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has increased and exacerbated during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both in Korea and globally. Childhood and adolescent obesity poses significant risks for premature morbidity and mortality. The development of serious comorbidities depends not only on the duration of obesity but also on the age of onset. Obesity in children and adolescents affects almost all organ systems, including the endocrine, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, reproductive, nervous, and immune systems. Obesity in children and adolescents affects growth, cognitive function, and psychosocial interactions during development, in addition to aggravating known adult comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and cancer. Childhood and adolescent obesity are highly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in later life can be considerably decreased by even a small weight loss before the onset of puberty. Childhood and adolescent obesity is a disease that requires treatment and is associated with many comorbidities and disease burdens. Therefore, early detection and therapeutic intervention are crucial.

Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the ERP System Context: The Relationships between Work Efficiency, Information Quality, Intention of IT Innovation, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (ERP시스템 영역에서의 조직시민행동: 업무효율성, 정보의 질 및 IT혁신의도와의 관계)

  • Yoon, Cheol-Ho
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.29-47
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    • 2006
  • Many companies have been implementing Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems for their organizational transformation in order to survive and achieve strategic advantages in an increasing competitive business environment. Thus, it is meaningful to identify factors that affect ERP system operation positively. Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) are discretionary, extra-role behaviors of employees which go beyond the prescribed formal roles, and are known as to be the contribution factors for organization performance. The purpose of this study is to develop the measurements for the OCB constructs in ERP system context and empirically test the relationships between the OCB construct and ERP system success. The four constructs - altruism, conscientiousness and courtesy, civic virtue, and sportsmanship - and fifteen measurements on the OCB were developed based on previous studies (i.e. Organ 1988) and empirically verified by confirmatory factor analysis. The results of testing the relationships between the OCB and ERP system success show that the OCB have a significant direct impact on the information quality and intention of IT innovation while they have an indirect impact on work efficiency mediated by information quality. This study enhances the OCB model into information system arena and helps better understand the user behaviors of information systems.

The art of reporter proteins in science: past, present and future applications

  • Ghim, Cheol-Min;Lee, Sung-Kuk;Takayama, Shuichi;Mitchell, Robert J.
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.43 no.7
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    • pp.451-460
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    • 2010
  • Starting with the first publication of lacZ gene fusion in 1980, reporter genes have just entered their fourth decade. Initial studies relied on the simple fusion of a promoter or gene with a particular reporter gene of interest. Such constructs were then used to determine the promoter activity under specific conditions or within a given cell or organ. Although this protocol was, and still is, very effective, current research shows a paradigm shift has occurred in the use of reporter systems. With the advent of innovative cloning and synthetic biology techniques and microfluidic/nanodroplet systems, reporter genes and their proteins are now finding themselves used in increasingly intricate and novel applications. For example, researchers have used fluorescent proteins to study biofilm formation and discovered that microchannels develop within the biofilm. Furthermore, there has recently been a "fusion" of art and science; through the construction of genetic circuits and regulatory systems, researchers are using bacteria to "paint" pictures based upon external stimuli. As such, this review will discuss the past and current trends in reporter gene applications as well as some exciting potential applications and models that are being developed based upon these remarkable proteins.

Comparative Study of Health Care System in Three Central Asian Countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan

  • Dronina, Yuliya;Nam, Eun Woo
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.342-356
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    • 2019
  • Background: The objectives of the study are to find out the effect of the implementing reform in three Central Asian countries, identify its impact on health status and health care delivery systems. This study address to identify strong and weak points of the health systems and provide a recommendation for further health care organization. Methods: A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of implemented policy on health care system efficiency and equity. Secondary data were collected on selected health indicators using information from the World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure Database, European Health Information Platform, and World Bank Open Data. Results: In terms of population status, countries achieved relatively good results. Infant mortality and under-5 mortality rate decreased in all countries; also, life expectancy increased, and it was more than 70 years. Regulations of the health systems are still highly centralized, and the Ministry of Health is the main organ responsible for national health policy developing and implementation. Among the three countries, only Kyrgyzstan was successful in introducing a national health system. Distribution of health expenditure between public expenditure and out-of-pocket payments was decreased, and out-of-pocket payments were less the 50% of total health expenditure in all countries, in 2014. Conclusion: After independent, all three countries implemented a certain number of the policy reform, mostly it was directed to move away from the old the Soviet system. Subsequent reform should be focused on evidence-based decision making and strengthening of primary health care in terms of new public health concepts.