• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.893-920
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• 2012

This study is to investigate causal relationship between individual life satisfaction and air pollution, using ordered probit model with the KLIPS panel dataset for 1998-2008. As determinants, both individual economic and socio-demographic characteristics are considered. Empirical results show that the degree of air pollution has negative effects on individual life satisfaction. The effects of other variables are similar to those of existing studies. This study found that life satisfaction increases along with income increase. However, at a certain point, the increase of life satisfaction becomes smaller even with an increase in income, indicating non-linear effect. It implies that the Easterlin's paradox can be applied to Korea's case. The increase of the other person's income measured by income per capita in the region where respondent resides has negative effects on life satisfaction. On the other hand, a person who has married, own house, stayed healthy, and highly been educated is likely to have higher life satisfaction. Additionally, a person with many household members, urban resident, unemployed or self-employed are negatively correlated with life satisfaction.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.305-312
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• 2015

The present study showed WHtR to be significantly better than BMI and WC for prediction of metabolic-related diseases in the middle-aged and older people in Korea, based on Bayesian ordered probit model analysis. The variations of WC, BMI and WHtR were compared according to the number of metabolic-related diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris and diabetes. It was found that the three measures showed the similar variation except a very few extreme cases for age less than 40. For subjects over the age of 40, WC was not significant and WHtR gave more influence in greater variability than BMI on the number of metabolic diseases. Also, the rate of change for WHtR was higher than for BMI as the number of metabolic-related diseases increased. Specifically, the difference of the marginal effect of WHtR between no disease and only one disease was 1.81 times higher than that of BMI. Moreover, it was pointed out that the threshold value of WHtR for obesity should be considered differently by age.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.89-100
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the effect of the Strong Small Farm Development Project by Rural Development Administration is positively associated with participating farmers. The data that used in this study is a survey data that targets 442 farming households who have participated in the strong small farm development project. This study applies ordered-probit model to evaluate level of the participants' satisfaction of the project. This study found that participants' level of satisfaction is closely associated by satisfaction level of project contents that contains education and consulting, friendly attitude toward the project, active participation of the project, and understanding of the project's contents and their importances. Based on research findings, this research provides some implications of future upbringing policy for strong small farms and the principal point of the policy that leads to succeed in implementing the project when formulating agricultural policy in participants view. the strong small farms.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.62-80
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing the attitude toward the increasing role of private health insurance(PHI). In the Korea Welfare Panel Data 2007, a sample of 1,675 (adjusted by weight value: 1,607) respondents on an opinion on promoting PHI was used in the study. With independent variables including socio-demographic characteristics, health status, health-related behavior, and opinions on welfare service, ordered-probit model was used to analyze the attitude toward PHI. Negative opinion on the increasing role of PHI were responded by 54.6%(n=877) of the respondents, whereas 22.2%(n=373) were positive and 23.2%(n=357) were neutral. Old people, the better off, those with worse self-assessed health status, and those having an experience of health examination tend to have the positive attitude toward the increasing role of PHI. Women, those with chronic diseases or disorders and those who do not agree that comprehensive welfare benefits reduce work incentive showed negative attitude toward PHI. When comparing the needs for PHI before and after medical utilization, ex-ante need tends to strengthen the tendency to support private health insurance. This study will contribute to the discussion on the optimal mix of public and private health insurance in Korea by a better recognition of attitude toward PHI and health care system.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.543-558
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the amount of willingness to pay for environment-friendly agricultural processed foods by the level of consumption intention. To accomplish the objective of the study a consumer survey was conducted for quantitative analysis regarding consumption pattern. The ordered-probit selection model, Heckman-type two-stage method was employed for an empirical analysis on determining the amount of willingness to pay. The estimation results showed that in the case of consumers who are to keep their consumption at the present level, those with high quality contentment compared to price, brand contentment, and purchasing chiefly in the special store, have the higher amount of willingness. The estimation results also showed that in the case of consumers who are to increase their consumption, those with high quality contentment compared to price, brand contentment, certificate contentment, and having family members who suffer from diseases such as atopy, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, have the higher amount of willingness. Therefore For those who are to increase their consumption, enhancement of quality, enhancement of contentment with certificate, promotion are useful to increase the amount of willingness to pay.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.367-382
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• 2018

Prediction models for a corporate bond rating in existing studies have been developed using various models such as linear regression, ordered logit, and random forest. Financial characteristics help build prediction models that are expected to be contained in the assigning model of the bond rating agencies. However, the ranges of bond ratings in existing studies vary from 5 to 20 and the prediction models were developed with samples in which the target companies and the observation periods are different. Thus, a simple comparison of the prediction accuracies in each study cannot determine the best prediction model. In order to conduct a fair comparison, this study has collected corporate bond ratings and financial characteristics from 2013 to 2017 and applied prediction models to them. In addition, we applied the elastic-net penalty for the linear regression, the ordered logit, and the ordered probit. Our comparison shows that data-driven variable selection using the elastic-net improves prediction accuracy in each corresponding model, and that the random forest is the most appropriate model in terms of prediction accuracy, which obtains 69.6% accuracy of the exact rating prediction on average from the 5-fold cross validation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

South Korea is seeking for a solution to the problems of traffic congestion and environment: the increase of bicycle use. However many people feel that using a bicycle is inconvenient. Therefore, we developed bicycle level of service model from the user's perspective so that the existing bicycle roads can be evaluated and improved. The purpose of this paper is to develop a bicycle level of service (LOS) model by considering user's satisfaction and multiple factors that affect bicycle LOS. Bicycle LOS criteria is estimated by applying an ordered probit model, which is suitable for research relating to choice. In addition, we determine the bicycle LOS using three-level(A-C) LOS structure from the user position considering the satisfaction level that people can distinguish clearly. The results show that the bicycle LOS is largely determined by the bicycle road width. Other factors are involved as well, including bicycle road type, the number of access and egress point on the bicycle road corridor, pedestrian volume, and frequency of meetings.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.101-115
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• 2008

This study reports UTIS(Urban Traffic Information System), which has been generalized in developed countries through brisk research and development and is being promoted for introduction by National Police Agency and Road Traffic Authority to reduce the astronomical amount of social expenses including traffic congestion expenses. Also this study investigates the proper charges for using by the preestimate of demand and contentment according to methods of payment after the service is introduced. The results of this study are as follows. First, demand forecast model is constructed by Binary Logit Model. Second, forecast models of using aspects of UTIS service according to methods of payment are established by Ordered Probit Model. Third, the proper charges for using of UTIS service according to methods of payment are presented to the supplier in the aspects of users. For this, preferences by using aspects and methods of payment are captured. And unit elasticity of coefficient of utilization is understood through responsiveness analysis according to methods of payment.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

Over the past five years (2010-2014), the total number of traffic accidents has decreased from 226,878 to 223,552 with decrease of 0.37 percent each year. The death toll has also decreased from 5,505 to 4,762. However, the number of rental car accidents and fatalities has been steadily increased. Despite of its growth, no previous study has been conducted on rental car accident severity. This study analyzed data of 18,050 rental car accidents in South Korea collected from 2010 to 2014 and then processed in order to identify which factors could affect the accident severity. Seventeen factors related to rental car accident severity were grouped into four categories: driver, vehicle, roadways and environment. As a result of the ordered probit model analysis, fourteen variables excluding age, intersection, and day of week were found to affect the severity of rental car accidents. The results of the study summarized as follows. First of all, violation of traffic regulations such as speeding increase the severity of rental car accidents. Secondly, rental accident severity is higher at curved sections of complicated roadway, which the driver's field of view is impaired. The results of this study can be used to reduce the severity of rental car accidents in transportation safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.94-103
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• 2015

This study analyzes the influence factors on elderly pedestrian accident. Elderly people are easy to be badly injured by car accidents compared to younger people. Therefore, various plans and measures are required to protect elderly pedestrian from accidents. However, pedestrian accidents studies only focused on microscopic factors such as attribute of driver, pedestrian, road design. In order to prevent pedestrian accident and reduce the severity of the accident, not only microscopic factors but macroscopic variables such as urban planning and facility should be considered. In this regard, this study develops an ordered probit model introduced the characteristics of urban facility which were not considered in the previous studies. The result shows that there is higher level of accident severity in such areas as large commercial area, well-developed area with transportation infrastructure service and non-pedestrian safety zone. Thus, various and appropriate countermeasures should be prepared in order that pedestrian accident can be prevented in the areas mentioned above. In addition to the aforementioned variables, it is revealed that other variables including vehicle speed, gender and age of pedestrian, weather condition, type of vehicle, etc. partly affect the severity of pedestrian accident.