• KSBB Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 1991

The media compositions and culture conditions were optimized for mycelial growth of Coriolus versicolor and Lentinus edodes. Media composition for optimal growth of Coriolus versicolor was 2.0% glucose 0.4% peptone and 0.6% yeast extract. Media composition for optimal growth of Lenttnus edodes was 2.0% glucose 2.0% starch 0.4% bacto-soytone and 0.6% yeast extract. The media supplemented with KH2PO4, 0.046% KH2PO4 0.1% and MgSO4, .7H2O 0.05% supported better mycelial growth than the media without mineral salts. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth ranged from $25^{\circ}C$-28$^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH range for mycelial growth of Coriolus versicolor was 5.2~5.6 while that of Lentinus edodes appeared to be 5.75.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2003

This research aims the production of anti-tumor substances through in vitro culture of hairy roots transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes in Artemisia sylvatica MAX and the effect of culture conditions on optimum growth of hairy roots. We investigated the optimum medium, pH, carbon source, sucrose, light, Fe and polyamine conditions of various lines of hairy roots (NK3, NK4, YX. NK3-10) induced from Artemisia sylvatica to increase the optimum growth of hairy roots. MS medium was the best for optimum growth of hairy root clone, NK3-S10. The optimum culture period was 4 weeks for NK3-S10. The optimum sucrose concentration was 3.5%. The optimum concentration of FeSO$_4$, spermine and spermidine was 0.1 mM, 10 mM and 100 mM, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-18
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• 1964

Ke Ho Lee and Kun Hyung Chang (Army Research and Testing Lab.): Studies on koji for optimum condition of growth and identification of Aspergillus spp. Cpart 2). Kor. J. Microbiol. Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 17-18 (1964). The experiments reported in this paper are concerned with the identifications, the growth conditions and lethal temperatures of the three strains of Aspergillus spp. which have been isolated from the soils and Meju (fermented soy bean in Korea). The results obtained in the light of the manual of Raper and Thom for identification of the Genus, Aspergillus, have been shown that the three strains of Aspergillus spp. are pertained to Aspergillus flavusoryzae group. The optimum temperature, pH and the lethal temperatures of the Aspergillus spp. have been measured.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.477-483
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• 1999

For Trametes sp. CJ-105, a kind of white-rot fungi which was collected from the mountain of Korea and was proven to be effective in decolorizing a wide range of structurally different synthetic dyes, the optimum conditions for mycelial growth and laccase(E.C. 1.10.3.2) production were investigated. Among various carbon sources, glucose showed the highest potential for the mycelial growth and laccase production, the optimum concentration being 2% glucose. For the nitrogen source, asparagine was good for the mycelial growth, while ammonium tartrate for laccase production(optimum concentration: 0.04%). The addition of thiamine and biotin increased both th emycelial growth and laccase production. When 2,5-xylidine was added as an inducer after the first day of culture, the production of alccase was seven-times higher than that in the absence of the inducer. The optimum pH and temperature conditions for laccase production by Trametes sp. CJ-105 were pH 5.0 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. In the 5L fermentation, the production of laccase reached a maximum of 340U/ml at the time when the ammonium ion was being rapidly depleted.

• ALGAE
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

Some Chlorella species grow heterotrophically with organic substrate in dark condition. However, heterotrophic Chlorella species are limited and their optimum culture conditions are not fully known. In this study, three heterotrophic Chlorella species, two strains (C4-3 and C4-4) of C. vulgaris and one Chlorella sp. (C4-8) were examined on optimum culture conditions such as carbon source, temperature, and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in Jaworski's medium (JM). And the growth and fatty acid composition of Chlorella were analyzed. For three heterotrophic Chlorella species, glucose (1-2%) as a carbon source only increased the growth and the range of optimum culture temperature was $26-28^{\circ}C$. Doubled concentrations of the nitrogen or phosphorus in JM medium also improved the growth of Chlorella. Chlorella cultured heterotrophically showed significantly higher growth rate and bigger cell size than those autotrophically did. C. vulgaris (C4-3) cultured heterotrophically showed the highest biomass in dry weight ($0.8g\;L^{-1}$) among three species. With respect to fatty acid composition, the contents of C16:0 and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) were significantly higher in autotrophic Chlorella than in heterotrophic one and those of total lipid were not different between different concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in JM medium. Among three Chlorella species in this study, C. vulgaris (C4-3) appeared to be the most ideal heterotrophic Chlorella species for industrial application since it had a high biomass and lipid content.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.446-451
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• 2008

The growth of Porphyridium cruentum and its porphyran polysaccharide production were measured as functions of light intensity, temperature, light quality (fluorescent, blue, red, and green) and nitrate concentration. The optimum light intensity, temperature, and nitrate concentration for the growth of Porphyridium cruentum and for its polysaccharide production were 1,400 lx, $25^{\circ}C$, and 0.03%, respectively. The maximum cell concentration and polysaccharide content under the optimum conditions were 1.95 and 0.23 mg/mL, respectively. Light quality did not influence growth or polysaccharide production. The best results for growth and polysaccharide production were obtained using fluorescent light.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1981

In order to use as a starter after drying, optimum growth conditions of Str. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus were investigated. The results were as follows. The growth of Str. thermophilus was reached at stationary phase after 12 hours incubation and L. bulgaricus was after 6 hours. Str. thermophilus was grown well, in the medium containing 10% of skim milk, 2% of sucrose, 0.1% of KCl and 0.015% (v./v.) of soy-sauce. In the case of L. bulgaricus, 10% of skim milk, 2% of glucose, 0.5% of bacto-peptone, 0.1% of $K_2HPO_4$ and 0.02% of pyridoxine was suitable for the maximum growth.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 1993

To find out the optimum conditions for indigo cell culture in air-lift bioreactor, effects of media composition including nutrients and precursors of the indigo colorants on the cell growth and characteristics of the cell growth under various cultural conditions were analyzed. Optimum cultural conditions were tested and the growth characteristics were analyzed in external and internal loop type air-lift bioreactors during 14-day culture. Better cell growth was obtained when the inoculum size was higher in the range of 0.5∼2.5% packed cell volume tested. In the sucrose concentration of 2 to 4%, the cell growth was better when the sucrose concentration was 4% (w/w) in both types of reactors. Sucrose was used up in the early stage of exponential phase of growth At the optimum concentration of a Precursor tryptophan at 1 U UW was 3.8 g/l in internal loop bioreactor, and 3.5 g/l in external one after 14 days of cultivation. Addition of indole showed negative effect on cell growth of suspension culture in air-lift biorector culture and cell mass of 2.5 g/l and 2.2 g/l were obtained in external and internal loop bioreactor, respectively. Selected inorganic nitrogen source potassium nitrate showed about 110% increase in cell growth than that of control. DCW was 16.34 g/l under optimum conditions during 14-day cultivation in internal loop bioreactor.

• Mycobiology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.65-67
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• 2005

Cystoderma amianthinum, one of edible fungi belongs to Agaricaceae of Basidiomycota, has a good taste and flavor. This study was carried out to obtain the basic informations for the optimum mycelial growth of C. amianthinum. The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 5 in potato dextrose agar (PDA). C. amianthinum showed the favorable growth in the PDA and yeast malt extract agar (YMA). The favorable carbon and nitrogen sources promoting mycelial growth were fructose and histidine, respectively. The optimum C/N ratio was about 30 : 1 in case that 1 % glucose was supplemented to the basal medium as a carbon source.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.213-219
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• 2009

Optimum conditions for production of semi-solid Al-Zn-Mg alloy billets was carried out by the Taguchi design method. And, Al-Zn-Mg alloy billets contained Sc (free, 0.1 and 0.3 mass %) were fabricated at optimum conditions. Evolution of microstructure in semi-solid state was investigated through various liquid fractions, holding times and holding temperatures. The Al-Zn-Mg alloy billets reheated at $615^{\circ}C$ during 30min are grain growth and it was fractured due to increasing liquid fraction before quenching. And, during reheating up to $600^{\circ}C$, grain growth of Al-Zn-Mg alloy billets contained Sc (0.1 and 0.3 mass %) was not occurred in comparison with those of Al-Zn-Mg alloy without Sc. It was thought that $Al_3Sc$ phases have a pinning effect in grain boundary and Sc content of 0.1 mass% is able to inhibit grain growth effectively through reheating process.