• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2016

The arrangement design of a submarine has been performed based on data of parent ships and experts' experiences. To support such a task, it is necessary to accumulate and use systematically the data, and to optimize the task. The expert system for the first issue and the optimization method for the latter issue can be used. At this time, a suitable data structure to share the data on the arrangement design of the submarine should be used. In this study, the data structure named an arrangement template model (ATM) is proposed. To check the applicability of the ATM, a prototype program which consists of the expert system and the optimization method is developed. Finally, the developed program is applied to a small submarine of US Navy. As a result, it is confirmed that the ATM can be used to share the data between the expert system and the optimization method.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.43-58
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• 2015

There are many studies on the optimization of steel trusses in literature; and, a large number of them include a shape optimization. However, only a few of these studies are focused on the prestressed steel trusses. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the amounts of the material and cost savings in steel plane trusses in the case of prestressing. A parallel-chord simply supported steel truss is handled as an example to evaluate the used approach. It is considered that prestressing tendon is settled under the bottom bar, between two end supports, using deviators. Cross-sections of the truss members and height of the truss are taken as the design variables. The prestress losses are calculated in two steps as instantaneous losses and time-dependent losses. Tension increment in prestressing tendon due to the external loads is also considered. A computer program based on genetic algorithm is developed to solve the optimization problem. The handled truss is optimized for different span lengths and different tendon eccentricities using the coded program. The effects of span length and eccentricity of tendon on prestressed truss optimization are investigated. The results of different solutions are compared with each other and those of the non-prestressed solution. It is concluded that the amounts of the material and the cost of a steel plane truss can be reduced up to 19.9% and 14.6%, respectively, by applying prestressing.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 고정익과 회전익의 두 가지 모드로 운용되는 canard rotor wing(CRW) 항공기에 대한 사이징과 성능해석 프로그램이 개발되었다. 개발된 프로그램은 기존의 항공기 데이터를 이용하여 각 모드에 대한 검증을 수행하였고 정찰 임무형상에 대해 최적설계 문제를 정의하였다. canard rotor wing의 로터 최적화를 위해 고정익 모드와 회전익 모드에 대해 가중치를 이용한 다중목적함수를 구성하였다. 6개의 서로 다른 가중치와 설계제약조건에 대해 최적설계가 수행되었고 그 결과 개선된 로터형상을 도출하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2023

Automotive wheel bearings are a critical component of vehicles that support their weight and facilitate rotation. Life and stiffness are significant performance characteristics of wheel bearings. Designing wheel bearings involves finding optimal design variables that satisfy both performances. CO₂ emission reduction and fuel efficiency regulations attribute to the recent increase in design requirements for lightweight and compact automotive parts while maintaining performance. However, achieving a design that maintains performance while reducing weight poses challenges, as performance and weight are generally inversely proportional. In this study, we perform design optimization of automotive wheel bearings considering life and stiffness. We develop a program that calculates the basic rated life and modified rated life based on international standards for evaluating the life of wheel bearings. We develop a regression equation using regression analysis to address the time-consuming stiffness analysis during repetitive analysis. We perform ANOVA and main effect analyses to understand the statistical characteristics of the developed regression equation. Furthermore, we verify its reliability by comparing the predicted and test results. We perform design optimization using the developed life prediction program, stiffness regression equation and weight regression equation. We select bearing specifications and geometry as design variables, weight as the cost function, and life and stiffness as constraints. Through design optimization, we investigate the influence of design variables on the cost function and constraints by comparing the initial and optimal design values.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.2347-2355
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• 1996

Purpose of the present study is to develop a computational design program for shape optimization, combining the numerical optimization technique with the flow analysis code. The present methodology is then validated in three cases of aerodynamic shape optimization. In the numerical optimization, a feasible direction optimization algorithm and shape functions are considered. In the flow analysis, the Navier-Stokes equations are discretized by a cell-centered finite volume method, and Roe's flux difference splitting TVD scheme and ADI method are used. The developed design code is applied to a transonic channel flow over a bump, and an external flow over a NACA0012 airfoil to minimize the wave drag induced by shock waves. Also a separated subsonic flow over a NACA0024 airfoil is considered to determine a maximum allowable thickness of the airfoil without separation.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권4호
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• pp.148-155
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• 1996

A loop structure optimization algorithm is proposed for generting a set of efficient codes for loop structure in order to optimize RISC compiler codes. Since there are so many loop structure in the program, most of the execution time is used to process looping codes. Thus, reduction of loop instructions is more effective than optimizing codes outside the loop. The proposed algorithm presents a method to combine several different loops into a simple loop. Therefore, rather than executing each loop independently, loops in the program are serached, analyzed, and finally created some relative informtion such as dependency and range. In doing so, the loops in the program can efficiently be recombined and restructured. As a result, the overall execution time for the program of the sequential programming language is reduced.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2003

In this paper, the method of determining the economically-optimal design section of rubble mound breakwater, using ADS program, was studied to supplement the deterministic approach. First of all, the design waves are computed, according to the return periods, using the Weibull distribution from the data of waves at the location of the breakwater. In order to take an optimal section, according to the return periods, the ADS program was used. The restriction conditions and objective functions are decided from the references of the specifications and standard manuals for Coastal and Harbor Construction Work. Results from this study support the ADS program as an appropriate method for determining the economically-optimal section of rubble mound breakwater, comparing the construction costs and the initial and damage repair costs for its life time.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2005

We has designed, fabricated, and measured a Single flux quantum (SFQ) toggle flip-flop (TFF). The TFF is widely used in superconductive digital electronics circuits. Many digital devices, such as frequency counter, counting ADC and program counter be used TFF Specially, a program counter may be constructed based on TFF We have designed the newly TFF and obtained high bias margins on test. In this work, we used two circuit simulation tools, WRspice and Julia, as circuit optimization tools. We used XIC for a layout tool. Newly designed TFF had minimum bias margins of +/- $37\%$ and maximum bias margins of +/-$37\%$(enhanced from +/- $37\%$). The designed circuits were fabricated by using Nb technology The test results showed that the re-optimized TFF operated correctly on 100kHz and had a very wide bias margins of +/- $53\%$.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.190-196
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• 2009

This study proposes a structural design method for the upper control arm installed at the rear side of a SUV. The weight of control arm can be reduced by applying the design and material technologies. In this research, the former includes optimization technology, and the latter the technologies for selecting aluminum as a steel-substitute material. Strength assessment is the most important design criterion in the structural design of a control arm. At the proto design stage of a new control arm, FE (finite element) analysis is often utilized to predict its strength. This study considers the static strength in the optimization process. The inertia relief method for FE analysis is utilized to simulate the static loading conditions. According to the classification of structural optimization, the structural design of a control arm is included in the category of shape optimization. In this study, the kriging interpolation method is adopted to obtain the minimum weight satisfying the strength constraint. Optimum designs are obtained by ANSYS WORKBENCH and the in-house program, EXCEL-kriging program. The optimum results determined from the in-house program are compared with those of ANSYS WORKBENCH.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2019

횡류식 환기 시스템이 설치된 터널에서 급, 배기구 포트 개구면적의 최적화는 외부로부터 터널 내에 급기되는 신선공기의 분배를 균일하게 하고 터널 내 오염물질을 효율적으로 배출하여 터널 이용자에게 안전하고 쾌적한 터널 환경을 제공하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위하여 횡류 환기방식이 적용된 대심도 복층터널 내부에 균일한 급기 또는 배기풍량을 얻기 위해서 급, 배기구 포트 면적계산 및 최적화하기 위한 프로그램이 개발되었다. 개발된 포트 면적 계산 및 최적화 프로그램의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 현재 운영 중인 반횡류 환기방식을 적용하고 있는 터널의 덕트 내 풍속을 측정하였다. 또한 동일한 터널에 대한 3차원 수치해석을 수행하였고 CFD 결과를 측정된 값과 비교하였다. 분석결과, 프로그램이 예측한 값과 현장측정결과의 오차율은 약 6.72%를 보이고 있으며, 3차원 수치해석 결과와의 오차율은 약 4.86%로 나타났다. 두 결과 모두 10% 이내의 오차율을 보이고 있으므로, 이 포트 개구면적 최적화 프로그램을 사용해서 횡류식 터널의 급기 및 배기 포트의 최적화 설계가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.