• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.30-33
• /
• 2014

Colloidal systems or colloids consist of microparticles or nanoparticles (solute) uniformly suspended in a liquid (solvent), also called colloidal suspensions. They can mimic and exhibit microscopic or atomic aspects of molecular and atomic systems. They have been increasingly studied because of their similarity with atomic systems. They can be microscopically observed by optical microscopes because they are large enough in size and slow in motion to be monitored; microscopic methods are very useful and powerful in research on colloidal systems. Recently, confocal laser microscopy has been known as a powerful tool to obtain information of real-space and real-time behaviors of colloidal suspensions. In particular, it is possible to exactly track individual colloids in three dimensions with confocal microscopy. In this article, we briefly discuss the usefulness of confocal microscopy in colloidal systems that are currently used as model systems to resolve important questions in materials science.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.645-648
• /
• 2005

Microscopy has enabled the development of many advanced technologies, and higher level microscopic techniques are required according to the increase of research in nano-technology and bio-technology fields. Therefore, in many applications, we need to measure the dimension of micro-scale parts accurately, not just to observe their shapes. To establish the meter-traceability in microscopy, gratings have been widely used as a magnification standard. KRISS provides the certification service of magnification standards using an optical diffractometer and a metrological AFM (MAFM). They are based on different measurement principles, and so can give complementary information for each other. In this paper, we describe the configuration of each system and measurement procedures to certificate grating pitch values of magnification standards. Several measurement results are presented, and the discussion about them are also given. Using the optical diffractometer, we can calibrate a grating specimen with uncertainty of less than 50 pm. The MAFM can measure a grating specimen of down to 100 nm pitch value, and the calibrated values usually have uncertainty less than 500 pm.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.199-208
• /
• 2007

본 장치는 실험자가 레이저 빔과 광학 렌즈를 조정하여 이미지 및 회절도형의 형성, 보강 및 소멸간섭과 같은 파동광학 현상을 이해하도록 제작된 실험 장치이다. 실험장치는 광원으로 쓰이는 레이저빔과 빔의 광축을 정렬하는 광원 부분과 시료대, 대물렌즈, 중간렌즈, 확대렌즈, CCD system, 컴퓨터, 그리고 렌즈를 상하 조절하는 경통부분으로 구성된다. 본 장치를 통해서 다양한 회절격자의 이미지 및 회절도형을 최대 약 44배 확대할 수 있고, 최대 약 5um의 분해능을 가지고 분석할 수 있다. 이 장치는 전자현미경 이용자들이 TEM의 원리를 보다 쉽게 이해하는데 도움을 주리라 기대한다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.421-430
• /
• 2021

The multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) enables high-speed imaging by the concurrent scanning and detection of multiple foci generated by lenslet array or diffractive optical element. The MMM system mainly suffers from crosstalk generated by scattered emission photons that form ghost images among adjacent channels. The ghost image which is a duplicate of the image acquired in sub-images significantly degrades overall image quality. To eliminate the ghost image, the photon reassignment method was established using maximum likelihood estimation. However, this post-processing method generally takes a longer time than image acquisition. In this regard, we propose a novel strategy for rapid noise reduction in the MMM system based upon Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation. Ballistic signal, scattering signal, and scattering noise of each channel are quantified in terms of photon distribution launched in tissue model based on MC simulation. From the analysis of photon distribution, we successfully eliminated the ghost images in the MMM sub-images. If the priori MC simulation under a certain optical condition is established at once, our simple, but robust post-processing technique will continuously provide the noise-reduced images, while significantly reducing the computational cost.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국광학회 2002년도 하계학술발표회
• /
• pp.122-123
• /
• 2002

능동적으로 안정화시킨 반도체 레이저의 빛살되먹임을 이용한 근접장 광학현미경(Near-field Scanning Optical Microscope)을 이용하여 칼코게나이드계 유리인 a-As$_2$S$_3$에서 광조사에 따른 자체집광 현상과 구조변화를 관찰하였다. 여러 비선형 광학현상 중 광 커르 효과(Optical Kerr effect)에 기인하는 자체집광(Self-focusing)은 광범위하게 연구되어 왔다. (중략)

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.40-44
• /
• 2021

In this paper, LED arrays with segmented mirrors and a mask are presented as a new dark-field illuminator for reflective Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM). The illuminator can overcome the limitations of the size and the position of samples that the dark-field illuminator using a parabolic mirror has had. The new concept was demonstrated by measuring a USAF 1951 target, and it resolved a pattern in group 10 element 6 (274 nm) in the USAF target. The new design of the dark-field illuminator can enhance competitiveness of the reflective FPM as a versatile measurement method in industry.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제23권8호
• /
• pp.469-475
• /
• 2013

Al-doped ZnO(AZO) thin films were synthesized using atomid layer deposition(ALD), which acurately controlled the uniform film thickness of the AZO thin films. To investigate the electrical and optical properites of the AZO thin films, AZO films using ALD was controlled to be three different thicknesses (50 nm, 100 nm, and 150 nm). The structural, chemical, electrical, and optical properties of the AZO thin films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emssion scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Hall measurement system, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. As the thickness of the AZO thin films increased, the crystallinity of the AZO thin films gradually increased, and the surface morphology of the AZO thin films were transformed from a porous structure to a dense structure. The average surface roughnesses of the samples using atomic force microscopy were ~3.01 nm, ~2.89 nm, and ~2.44 nm, respectively. As the thickness of the AZO filmsincreased, the surface roughness decreased gradually. These results affect the electrical and optical properties of AZO thin films. Therefore, the thickest AZO thin films with 150 nm exhibited excellent resistivity (${\sim}7.00{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$), high transmittance (~83.2 %), and the best FOM ($5.71{\times}10^{-3}{\Omega}^{-1}$). AZO thin films fabricated using ALD may be used as a promising cadidate of TCO materials for optoelectronic applications.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.551-557
• /
• 2014

In this study, we demonstrated multimodal nonlinear optical (NLO) microscopy integrated simultaneously with two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF), second-harmonic generation (SHG), and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) in order to obtain targeted cellular and label-free images in an immunofluorescence assay of the atherosclerotic aorta from apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. The multimodal NLO microscope used two laser systems: picosecond (ps) and femtosecond (fs) pulsed lasers. A pair of ps-pulsed lights served for CARS (817 nm and 1064 nm) and SHG (817 nm) images; light from the fs-pulsed laser with the center wavelength of 720 nm was incident into the sample to obtain autofluorescence and targeted molecular TPEF images for high efficiency of fluorescence intensity without cross-talk. For multicolor-targeted TPEF imaging, we stained smooth-muscle cells and macrophages with fluorescent dyes (Alexa Fluor 350 and Alexa Fluor 594) for an immunofluorescence assay. Each depth-sectioned image consisted of $512{\times}512$ pixels with a field of view of $250{\times}250{\mu}m^2$, a lateral resolution of $0.4{\mu}m$, and an axial resolution of $1.3{\mu}m$. We obtained composite multicolor images with conventional label-free NLO images and targeted TPEF images in atherosclerotic-plaque samples. Multicolor 3-D imaging of atherosclerotic-plaque structural and functional composition will be helpful for understanding the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.

• Composites Research
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.183-189
• /
• 2014

광학 현미경 관찰을 통해 산화 그래핀의 형상, 크기 및 두께를 쉽게 파악할 수 있는 광학 관찰을 위한 최적 조건을 확보하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 $SiO_2$ 절연막이 300 nm 두께로 도포된 실리콘 기판 위의 산화 그래핀을 하이드라진 증기 환원을 통하여 본래의 모폴로지를 유지한 채 환원된 산화 그래핀의 이미지의 선명도를 증가시켰고, 녹색 필터를 사용한 관찰을 통해 이미지의 대비값을 보다 증대시켰다. 추가적으로 얻어진 광학 이미지를 RGB 채널별로 분리하는 방법을 제안하고 이를 통해 이미지를 분석하였다. 그 결과 하이드라진 증기 환원 처리 및 녹색 파장에서의 광원 하에서 고대비의 이미지 확보가 가능하였으며, 더불어 광학 이미지의 RGB 채널 분리만으로도 선명한 그래핀 이미지를 얻을 수 있음을 알아내었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.136-146
• /
• 1990

Whiskers of SiC were grown from the mixture of silica and graphite powders by Acheson method(direct heating method). The structrua, morphological and chemical characterizations have been performed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). The growth mechanism of SiC whiskers is also discussed.