• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 1976

A study was carried out to investigate the sanitary condition of 107 wells in Jungil Ri, Kyunggi province and Daeso Ri, Choongbuck province, from July 1, to August 30, 1975. In this study, coliform groups were examined by the membrane filter method as well as general sanitary condition, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, hardness and water temperature. The following results were obtained: 1. Average value of general sanitary condition in the wells were 15$\circ$C in temperature, pH 6.4, hardness 124ppm and Cl ion 34ppm. 2. Coliform group was positive at all out of 30 open wells and 33 out of 45 pumped wells, while only 7 out of 32 tap water in the simple typed water supply system showed the evidence of coliform groups. 3. The positive rate of ammonia nitrogen revealed 13% out of 107 wells and that of nitrite nitrogen was 36.4% and 6 wells rate of 5.6% were ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen positive at same time. 4. Colflorin group positive of 32 tap water in the simple typed water supply system 3(27%) out of 11 samples with no residual chlorine, 3(17%) out of 17 with 0.1 to 0.5ppm, 1 out of 3 with 0.6 to 1.0 ppm and none out of 1 with 1.1 to 1.5 ppm.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.270-279
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• 2022

In this study, numerical analysis and experiments were performed to analyze the viscous damping effect according to the shape of the chamber skirt of the breakwater-linked inclined oscillating water column wave energy converter. Experiments were conducted using a two-dimensional mini wave tank and verified by comparing the results of a computational fluid dynamics numerical analysis. Pointed and rounded skirts were modeled to compare the effect of viscous damping when incident waves enter the chamber, and the difference in the displacement of the water surface in the chamber was compared according to the wave period for the two skirt shapes. The wave elevation in the chamber in the rounded-skirt condition was larger than the pointed-skirt condition in all wave periods, which was approximately 47% greater at 0.9 s of the incident wave period. Therefore, extracting the maximum energy through the optimal orifice is possible while minimizing the energy attenuation in the rounded-skirt condition.

• 물과 미래
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.315-322
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• 1989

해양수치모형에 적용되는 상이한 방사조건을 포함한 개방경계조건의 영향이 $L^{2_}$-norm과 RMS오차해석에 의하여 비교되었다. 수치실험에서는 M2조석, 격자망의 영향, 해저마찰의 영향 등이 각각 고려되었다. 연구결과 개선방사조건이 고려될 때 단순한 구형만에서 해석해와 비교된 $M_2$조석의 경우는 방사조건이 고려되지 않을때보다 $L^{2_}$-norm에 의하면 40%, RMS오차에 의하면 96%나 신뢰성이 향상되었다. 이는 반격자를 이용할 때 보다도 더욱 만족스러운 결과인 것으로 나타났다. 해저마찰이 고려된 경우도 개선방사조건의 도입이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.627-637
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• 2020

연구목적: 랙크식 창고의 대표적 가연물인 CEP에 대하여 미분무 소화설비의 적용성을 알아보기 위하여 본 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 연구방법:먼저 본 실험에 사용된 미분무수 소화설비가 유류화재 소화가 가능한지 확인을 수행하였다. 그 후, CEP 박스를 유류화재실험과 동일한 소규모 공간에 적재한 후, 개구부의 열림 및 닫힘, 그리고 닫힘 상태에서의 내부 적재물을 증가시키는 3가지 시나리오를 대상으로 실험을 수행하였다. 시나리오는 미분무수 소화에 중요한 영향요소인 개구부와 공간크기조건을 고려하여 설정되었다. 연구결과:유류화재에 대한 소화시험에서는 문의 열림과 닫힘 상태, 모두에서 화재가 잘 진압되는 것으로 나타났다. 동일 공간조건에서 CEP 가연물의 화재 시 개구부의 열림 상태에서는 화재가 진압되지 않았다. 개구부를 닫은 경우 화재는 진압되었지만, 일부 잔염이 확인되었다. 결론: 유류화재 진압실험에서 미분무수 소화설비가 개구부 열림과 닫힘 상황 모두에서 유효한 소화능력을 보여주었다. 하지만 CEP화재에 대해서는 닫힘 상태에서만 유효한 소화능력을 보여주었으며, 재 발화의 가능성이 있음이 나타났다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2009

The purpose of inlet baffle is to distribute the flow uniformly over the entire cross-sectional area of the sedimentation basin. The goal when designing this baffle is to achieve some head loss while keeping the velocity gradients through the ports equal to the velocity gradient in the end of the flocculator, so as to not break up the flocs. Sedimentation tank performance is strongly influenced by hydrodynamic and physical effects such as inlet design. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of open ratio of the inlet baffle on hydraulic behavior within a rectangular sedimentation basin using CFD simulation and ADV technique. In order to verify the CFD simulation, we measured the factual velocity at 18 points in the full-scale sedimentation basin at Y water treatment plant. Good agreement was obtained between the CFD predictions and the experimentally measured data. From the simulation results of the existing basin with 7.4 % open ratio, it was investigated that extreme decrease in velocity occurred in the middle of basin. Since then, flow features was unstable. The region which the velocity decrease rapidly moved forward to the flow direction in proportion to the increase of inflow velocity. Also, it was investigated that the flow characteristic of 6.0 % open ratio was significantly different from 7.4 % open ratio at the same configuration condition. These results are a clear indication that inflow momentum and open ratio are the parameters affecting the characteristics of hydraulic patterns. The influence of these parameters on the sedimentation performance requires further study.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.223-223
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• 2017

This study aimed to determine the effect of organic matter content and water condition in soil on yield, carbohydrate, and inulin contents of two varieties of Jerusalem artichoke. The plants were grown with high and low organic soil either under irrigation or no irrigation in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. In result, the yield of Jerusalem artichoke was higher about 7 kg in soil with high organic matter than in soil with low organic matter, while it was higher about 11 kg under the irrigation than under no irrigation. The yield of white variety was higher about 9 kg than that of purple variety. Under the irrigation, a 12 kg and 9 kg of higher yields were observed in the soil with high and low organic matter content, respectively, than under no irrigation.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2020

The influence of subsequent curing on the performance of fly ash contained mortar under steam curing was studied. Mortar samples incorporated with different content (0%, 20%, 50% and 70%) of Class F fly ash under five typical subsequent curing conditions, including standard curing (ZS), water curing(ZW) under 25℃, oven-dry curing (ZD) under 60℃, frozen curing (ZF) under -10℃, and nature curing (ZN) exposed to outdoor environment were implemented. The unsteady chloride diffusion coefficient was measured by rapid chloride migration test (RCM) to analyze the influence of subsequent curing condition on the resistance to chloride penetration of fly ash contained mortar under steam curing. The compressive strength was measured to analyze the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the open porosity, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were examined to investigate the pore characteristics and phase composition of mortar. The results indicate that the resistance to chloride ingress and compressive strength of steam-cured mortar decline with the increase of fly ash incorporated, regardless of the subsequent curing condition. Compared to ZS, ZD and ZF lead to poor resistance to chloride penetration, while ZW and ZN show better performance. Interestingly, under different fly ash contents, the declining order of compressive strength remains ZS>ZW>ZN>ZD>ZF. When the fly ash content is blow 50%, the open porosity grows with increase of fly ash, regardless of the curing conditions are diverse. However, if the replacement amount of fly ash exceeds a certain high proportion (70%), the value of open porosity tends to decrease. Moreover, the main phase composition of the mortar hydration products is similar under different curing conditions, but the declining order of the C-S-H gels and ettringite content is ZS>ZD>ZF. The addition of fly ash could increase the amount of harmless pores at early age.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.655-661
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• 2005

For a hydro power plant project, the headrace tunnel having a finished diameter of 3.3m was constructed in volcanic rocks with well-developed vertical joint and high groundwater table. The intake facility was located 20.3 km upstream of the powerhouse and headrace tunnel of 20 km in length and penstock of 440 m in height connected the intake and the powerhouse. The typical caldera lake, Lake Toba set the geology at the site; the caving of the ground caused tension cracks in the vertical direction to be developed and initial stresses at the ground to be released. High groundwater table(the maximum head of 20 bar) in the area of well-connected vertical joints delayed the progress of tunnel excavation severely due to the excessive inflow of groundwater. The excavation of tunnel was made using open-shield type TBM and mucking cars on the rail. High volume of water inflow raised the water level inside tunnel to 70 cm, 17% of tunnel diameter (3.9 m) and hindered the mucking of spoil under water. To improve the productivity, several adjustments such as modification of TBM and mucking cars and increase in the number of submersible pumps were made for the excavation of severe water inflow zone. Since the ground condition encountered during excavation turned out to be much worse, it was decided to adopt PC segment lining instead of RC lining. Besides, depending on the conditions of the water inflow, rock mass condition and internal water pressure, one of the invert PC segment lining with in-situ RC lining, RC lining and steel lining was applied to meet the site specific condition. With the adoption of PC segment lining, modification of TBM and other improvement, the excavation of the tunnel under severe groundwater condition was successfully completed.

• 물과 미래
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1988

수심에 대하여 평균을 취한 2차원 연속방정식 및 운동방정식에 Galerkin형 유한요소법이 적용되어 개수로 단면급확대부의 순환현상을 해석하였다. 모형의 타당성실험이행하여진 단순한 수로에서의 파동실험결과, 본 모형이 L2오차 0.5% 이내에서 만족스럽게 수렴학 있으며, 댐파괴시 수면곡선해석에서도 수치해와 정확도가 거의 일치하는매우 양호한 결과가 도출되어 모형의 타당성 및 유용성이 제시된다. 순환흐름 해석시 초기조건으로 주수로부의 흐름을 정의하는 새로운 조건이 도입되어 이용되었고, 측벽경계조건으로는 Neumann 조건 이외에 slip 조건을 취하여 실험한 결과 slip 조건이 no-slip 조건일 때의 강한 경계층을 배제하는 타당한 측별경계조건으로 판단된다. 본 모형을 개수로단면급확대부에 적용한 결과 하상마찰 및 유효전단에 기인된 난류의 영향은 크지 않은 반면 이송가속도는 순환흐름에 지대한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.135-139
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• 2002

Most of all the mechanical devices are becoming more high-speed and high-power as well as their used condition being more polluted. So, it is necessary for these devices to equip cooling system to overcome that kind of severe using condition. In this study, corrosion test was carried out in distilled and tap water for the investigation on the corrosion characteristics of Al-alloy that is using as material for radiator.