• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.132-139
• /
• 2011

Despite the importance of sexual life of the aged, it is almost disregarded due to the Confucius value system and bias. The common people's view on the sex of the aged was clearly demonstrated by their attitude toward a movie entitled "I love it though I might die" which was determined "18 Age over"being awareness of its explicit sexual intercourse and several lied on the discussion. For this reason, the sex of the aged is clandestinely revealed and uses to receive publicity for sexual assault for children, sexual crime, and illegal prostitution in parks. And social atmosphere that prevents open discussion of the sexof the aged increases in the number of suffering aged in reality, and it causes the decrease of life quality of them. In this circumstance, cartoon contents can be perfectly used for sex education for them. Entertainment character and genre character of cartoon contents can deliver the understanding of sex rather voluntarily and easily to the aged and it can be used as a tool to motivate by indirect experience and to enhance efficient understanding.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.31 no.8
• /
• pp.770-775
• /
• 1998

Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly, accounting for 30 percent of congenital heart disease detected in the adult. Many patients with ASD are well tolerated and reach adult without significant symptoms. The patients with ASD die 4th and 5th decades, but prolonged survival is not uncommon. In general, the survival depends on whether pulmonary hypertension develops during adulthood or not. The most common cause of death in the patients with ASD is right ventricular failure or arrhythmias. Materials and methods: From January 1988 to June 1997, 33 cases of ASD underwent open heart surgeries in our hospital. Among them, 31 cases were adult ASD, and 2 tricuspid regurgitation, 1 pulmonic stenosis, 1 mitral regurgitation, 1 tricuspid regurgitation, and 1 coronary artery disease were combinded. All of the patients underwent surgical repair using autologus pericardial patch or direct closure. Results: The postoperative course was smooth and uneventful. Most of the patients showed significant improvement in ECG finding, hemodynamic profile, radiologic finding, and echocardiography, after surgery. Conclusions: Conclusively, most of the ASD should be closed even in patients over the age of 60 years, and early surgical repair must be done to prevent pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, and arrythmias.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1412-1422
• /
• 1993

As a part of development of process planning system for mold die manufaturing, a software system is developed, which recognizes features and extracts parameters of the shape from design data produced by solid modeller. The recognized feature date is fed to process planning and operation planning system. Low level geometry and topology data from commercial CAD system is transformed to high level machining feature data which used to be done by using a dedicated design system. The recognition algorithm is applied to the design data with boundary representation produced by a core modeller ACIS which has object oriented open architecture and is expected to become a common core modeller of next generation CAD system. The algoritm of recognition has been formulated for 21 features on prismatic components, but the feature set can be expanded by adding rules for the additional features.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.61-75
• /
• 2016

Climate changes brought on by human interventions have proved to be more devastating than predicted during the recent decades. Recognition of seriousness of the situation has led regulatory organisations to impose strict targets on allowable carbon dioxide emissions from automotive vehicles. As a possible solution, it has been proposed that Fibre Metal Laminate (FML) system is used to reduce the weight of future vehicles. To facilitate this investigation, FML based on steel and self-reinforced polypropylene was stamp formed into dome shapes under different blank holder forces (BHFs) at room temperature and its forming behaviour analysed. An open-die configuration was used in a hydraulic press so that a 3D photogrammetric measurement system (ARAMIS) could capture real-time surface strains. This paper presents findings on strain evolutions at different points along and at $45^{\circ}$ to fibre directions of circular FML blank, through various stages of forming. It was found initiation and rate of deformation varied with distance from the pole, that the mode of deformations range from biaxial stretching at the pole to drawing towards flange region, at decreasing magnitudes away from the pole in general. More uniform strain distribution was observed for the FML compared to that of plain steel and the most significant effects of BHF were its influence on forming depth and level of strain reached before failure.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.75-93
• /
• 2019

Background: Since 2010, Korea has maintained a DNA database of those convicted of or awaiting trial for certain crimes. There have been proposals to expand the list of crimes included in this database, or conversely, omit certain crimes if they are committed during protests. An understanding of the feelings of the public as we consider the ethical, legal, and social aspects of a DNA database and as revisions to laws are made is required. Methodology: Questions related to the DNA database were included in the nationally representative Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS) panel (June-August 2016). Results: Of 2,000 randomly selected panel members, 1,013 respondents participated in this survey, including 89.2% who supported the existence of a criminal DNA database. The current system of storing DNA profiles until a suspect's acquittal or a convict's death was supported by 79.5% of respondents. In addition, 70.8% of respondents agreed with the expansion of crime categories included in the criminal database. Many (93.4%) respondents favored genetic testing and data storage to determine the identity and cause of death for people who die of unnatural causes. Some differences in attitude related to social class were noted, with those who self-identified as members of the upper class more likely to support the database and its expansion to include additional crimes than those who self-identified as middle or lower class. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Koreans generally support the criminal DNA database.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.43 no.12 s.354
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 2006

This work proposes a calibration-free 14b 70MS/s 0.13um CMOS ADC for high-performance integrated systems such as WLAN and high-definition video systems simultaneously requiring high resolution, low power, and small size at high speed. The proposed ADC employs signal insensitive 3-D fully symmetric layout techniques in two MDACs for high matching accuracy without any calibration. A three-stage pipeline architecture minimizes power consumption and chip area at the target resolution and sampling rate. The input SHA with a controlled trans-conductance ratio of two amplifier stages simultaneously achieves high gain and high phase margin with gate-bootstrapped sampling switches for 14b input accuracy at the Nyquist frequency. A back-end sub-ranging flash ADC with open-loop offset cancellation and interpolation achieves 6b accuracy at 70MS/s. Low-noise current and voltage references are employed on chip with optional off-chip reference voltages. The prototype ADC implemented in a 0.13um CMOS is based on a 0.35um minimum channel length for 2.5V applications. The measured DNL and INL are within 0.65LSB and l.80LSB, respectively. The prototype ADC shows maximum SNDR and SFDR of 66dB and 81dB and a power consumption of 235mW at 70MS/s. The active die area is $3.3mm^2$.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2008

This work proposes a 12b 1kS/s 65uA 0.35um CMOS algorithmic ADC for sensor interface applications such as accelerometers and gyro sensors requiring high resolution, ultra-low power, and small size simultaneously. The proposed ADC is based on an algorithmic architecture with recycling techniques to optimize sampling rate, resolution, chip area, and power consumption. Two versions of ADCs are fabricated with a conventional open-loop sampling scheme and a closed-loop sampling scheme to investigate the effects of offset and 1/f noise during dynamic operation. Switched bias power-reduction techniques and bias circuit sharing reduce the power consumption of amplifiers in the SHA and MDAC. The current and voltage references are implemented on chip with optional of-chip voltage references for low-power SoC applications. The prototype ADC in a 0.35um 2P4M CMOS technology demonstrates a measured DNL and INL within 0.78LSB and 2.24LSB, and shows a maximum SNDR and SFDR of 60dB and 70dB in versionl, and 63dB and 75dB in version2 at 1kS/s. The versionl and version2 ADCs with an active die area of $0.78mm^2$ and $0.81mm^2$ consume 0.163mW and 0.176mW at 1kS/s and 2.5V, respectively.

• Korean journal of communication and information
• /
• v.17
• /
• pp.85-111
• /
• 2001

In this article, Channel 4 in Britain is the main theme since its alternative broadcasting system can shed the light to the Korean case. Korea is getting into the era of multimedia and including webcastings there are over thousands channels are available. However the infra-structure fur the broadcasting contents never seems to be matured to match its need. Instead Korean production system is rather vertically integrated into the Networks(KBS, MBC and SBS) which oligopolise the broadcasting in terms of supply. Even though 'Program Quota Regulation' has been established under the new Broadcasting Art(1999), the old habits die hard and still the independent producers have the unfair relationships with the Networks. Under this circumstance, Channel 4 can be the good example to show how well the alternative system can serve to the diversity of broadcasting and the taste of the minority. Channel 4 took almost 20 years to establish since there were enormous amount of debates about its public missions, ideal broadcasting system, whom it should serve for, etc. between all the social sectors including the independent producers. The social agreement was reached on the point that the new broadcaster should not produce but publish and it is called the 'publishing broadcaster'. In this sense, it can be managed effectively with comparatively little fund and at the same time, it can always have all different sorts of contents as well as genres very freely through 'commissioning process' or buying programs from even the most innovative producers. The 'commissioning process' is one of the key points which makes the Channel 4 so unique. The commissioning process is literally open to anybody, in particular, to the small scale producers with much innovative ideas. Channel 4 will support financially as well as with facilities and human resource to produce the program once after their program idea is accepted by the commissioning editor. Even better side of Channel 4 is about their financial success. From the beginning, the 'funding formula' helped in great deal to make the Channel 4 doing all sorts of innovative experiments. The history of 'funding formula' and its contribution are explained in the article, too. With all this effort, the article is hoped to bring discussion about the alternative broadcasting system which might help to prepare the new era of broadcasting.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 1992

SMZ is one of the most widely used antibacterial agents in veterinary medicine. It is also used as a growth promotant in many species of domestic animals There are marked species differences in its metabolism and pharmacokinetics. However, its pharmacokinetic and metabolism in rabbits. which are ragarded not only as good laboratorty animals hut also as good economical animals in its own, are lacking. Sex-differences in drug metabolism are well recognized in wide range of animal species including rats. Males are known to he more active than females. It is also know that there are Significant differences in the direction of metabolic pathways. But recently, female goats are reported to be more active in the metabolie capacity of SMZ than the other sex by Dutch researchers at Utrecht. Therefore, it is not easy to make general conclusicn of having higher SMZ metal-die capacity in the male compared to the opposite sex in every animal species. In this regard, the study on metabolic pattern of SMZ in rabbits, which are regarded as hervivorous, is of interest because the dietary habbits of rabbit are comparable to thai of goal, NEW Zealand White rabbits of each sex were given SMZ(35mg/kg) as a bolus injection into the marginalean, vein in order to study its pharmacokinetic profiles(using plasma) anc metabolic pattem(24h urine) as specified in the methods anc materials. 1. In the rabbit, the major metabolic pathway of SMZ was the acetylation(the formation of $N_4AcSMZ$). There were hydroxylation pathways(50HSMZ, $6CH_2OHSMZ$) as well, in the metabolism of SMZ in the rabbit, but minor pathways. 2. No sex differences in the metabolic direction of SMZ and its metabolites formation were found from the urinary excreted metabolites of SMZ out of 24h collected urine. 3. The concentration-time curves of SMZ(35mg/kg, iv) in the plasma compartment were fitted to a one-compartment open model when using a computer program(NONLIN). There was also no difference in the pharmacokinetic pattem of SMZ between two sexes. 4. The emergence of $N_4AcSMZ$ metabolized from SMZ was very fast in the plasma of the rabbit The elimination of $N_4AcSMZ$ was prolonged as compared to that of the parent drug Vie found no sex difference in the elimination pattern of $N_4AcSMZ$ in the rabbit.