• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.204-213
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• 2020

Objectives: This study examined the dietary characteristics and needs for community kitchens among young adults of single-person households in Seoul according to the cooking attitude. Methods: During April 2018, an online survey was conducted on young adults of single-person households in their 20s and 30s residing in Seoul. The respondents were classified into the more positive cooking attitude group (More Positive Group; n=152, mean=4.11) and the less positive cooking attitude group (Less Positive Group; n=190, mean=3.03) based on the mean score (3.51) of the 4-item 5-point Likert scales measuring the cooking attitude. The responses of the two groups were compared. Results: Approximately 90% of the More Positive Group had the cooking ability to prepare ordinary meals or more advanced cooking skills, whereas only 61% of the Less Positive Group had such skills. Approximately a half of the More Positive Group cooked at home three times a week or more; only 30% of the Less Positive Group did so, and more than 30% of the group seldom cooked. The More Positive Group had higher mean scores in the levels of satisfaction with dietary life and care for food safety and nutrition than the Less Positive Group. Approximately 30% of all the respondents expressed their needs for community kitchens. The most frequently answered reason for such needs was "being able to have a meal with others". Conclusions: The young adults of single-person households with a more positive cooking attitude possessed a higher cooking ability, cooked more often, and cared more about food safety and nutrition than those with a less positive cooking attitude. There were moderate needs for community kitchens among young adults of single-person households living in Seoul. Therefore, societal efforts to improve their cooking attitude would be meaningful for improving their quality of dietary life. Cooking lessons or social dining programs based on community kitchens could be an option.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.29-42
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• 2018

Population growth in Korea is slowing down, and the ratio of 1~2 person households has exceeded 53.3% of the total. And in the future, it is becoming more important how to accommodate as proper planning in residential areas. In this paper, we examine whether the existing district unit plans respond appropriately to the trend of the increase in small-sized housing, and we propose improvement plans for elements of the district unit plan and measures to enhance its applicability in response to small-sized housing. To do this, we analyzed the guidelines and contents of the district unit plans related to small-sized housing in recent 6 residential sites, and derived problems and improvements through literature review and expert consultation. As a result of the study, we proposed the items that need to be reflected in the district unit plan related to various housing type for one person household. And planning elements related to households, housing site, building layout, and architectural shape and appearance were also proposed, which were suitable for single-person households, such as small-sized communal housing, share-house, and single-person housing. It also suggested that single-person households should be considered for housing characteristics, including introduction of auxiliary welfare facilities such as unmanned delivery box and guest houses, and exclusion of low-demand auxiliary welfare facilities such as kindergartens. The suggested content can be used to make guidelines for small-sized housing in district unit plan.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-40
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• 2013

A project of developing marine environmental risk assesment and management technology was proposed to improve the level of marine environmental management research. This paper attempts to measure the non-market benefits of the project. To this end, the dichotomous choice contingent valuation method is used. In particular, recently proposed one and one-half bounded model is applied. The model can reduce the potential for response bias comparing to the double bounded model while maintaining much of its efficiency. Moreover, in order to deal with zero WTP observations, a spike model is adjusted for our data. A survey of randomly selected 600 households was implemented and the respondents were asked in person-to-person interviews about how they would be willing to pay for implementing the project. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to contribute a significant amount (2,663 won), on average, per household per year. The aggregate value of the project in the nation amounts to approximately 46.3 billion won per year. The figure 2.16 of cost-benefit ratio shows that economic validity of this technical development.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.373-378
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• 2021

This study is a study on user experience design of Meal Kit product information. The purpose of this study is to derive the product information necessary for the purchaser and the necessity for the convenience of use, and to propose an improvement plan. When purchasing Meal Kit products, two types of domestic Meal Kit brands, Peacock and Fresheasy, were compared and analyzed for information on nutrition intake, package design, and environmental issues. As a research method, a questionnaire survey was conducted by deriving 7 factors for purchasing Meal Kit products through literature research and prior research. Proceeded. As a result of the study, the factors that satisfy buyers were in the order of cooking process, food, taste/nutrition, package, convenience, price, and information, and overpacking was also revealed as a problem. Through this, it was possible to derive improvements and develop plans for the Meal Kit product. It is expected that this study will help improve the dietary life of One person households and develop Meal Kit products in the future.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

While one person household and nuclear family have been increasing, supermarkets began to launch home meal replacement(HMR) promotion. Each brand competes over various types of HMR such as box lunch. In particular, the sales of HMR have been increasing due to one-person households. Experts predicted HMR market will be increased in the future as well. This study presents design evaluation with regards to HMR package design for elders. The methods of this study are: First, research literature review on senior society and analyse the design for both domestic and foreign HMR products. Second, survey on product design for evaluation was conducted. Third, user's evaluation survey was conducted on elders. As a result, containers mostly came in cup or box shaped package designs. The package provided both still and illustration image of food. The HMR design for elders are recommended as follows: first, HMR should be service designed for users. Second, the design should be for elders as well. Third, the design should be empathetic and abundant. For user-interface, the packaging material shall not be slippery and the shape of grip should be considered thoroughly for the elder's design.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.118-138
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• 1996

Because of accelerated urbanization public body visiting nursing project that started according as matter of health on urban class in the lower brackets of income was concentrated on Social interests has a unsatisfied points to propel project efficiently from the lack of rating materials. Therefore centering around written contents in documentary literature of citizen health by household in five years from starting year of project to now. visiting frequency by medical manpower was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively in aspect of management hereupon. for the sake of giving a basic materials for public health project of this field. This research presents documentary literature of citizen health which become materials is that as one person's charged region of nurse in duty scale. district is Kang-Buck Gu. the object is resident in the lower brackets of income grounded livelihood protection law and who is admitted by the head of organ~chief of health care). and the number of material centering around the head of a household is 415 copy. The result of research is summarized. as follow. 1. Average visiting frequency examinated by medical manpower show difference according to valuables of supervision characteristics namely average visiting. Frequency of nurse has long term residence in case registration season is early and supervision season is the first year and is high incase a kind of house is unlicdnsed mountain town. Average visiting frequency with doctor is high incase supervision season is the first year and the medical insurance system is admitted by chief of health care. That shows that a man of discomfort behavior left alone are yet many in local society. The meaning of this result shows that the continuity of official relation about class in the lowest brackets of income of long term residence goes well between househole who is a user of visiting nursing service of the object according to midway income under management influences a given duty of nurse s and so causes quantitative decrease. 2. In case behavier and condition of health that nurse diagnoses are bad. as the type matter is a lack of health and the number of patient is large. the average visiting frequency of nurse is high. because average visiting frequency with doctor is high as the condition of health is bad and the number of patient is large. That is similar with that of nurse. CD Average visiting frequency of nurse s seen by matter of disease is very high only in apoplexy by 39.50 and is confined within limits from 7.63 to 11.36 in other disease. But average visiting frequency with doctor is double as many as that of nurse but defined in apoplexy hypertension and articulate. (1) Average visiting frequency of nurse by existence in inoculation of hepatitis is low by 6.73 in unidentified group and very high by 26.89 in group of non-inoculation and the case of the antigenic positive man of B type hepatitis or epileptic who can't be inoculated shows 13.00 and that even family nursing service is needed to them. That result shows that though one person nurse of local charge has a large scale of duty. as visting nursing service is given a class who has a large demand preferentially by respectively accurate nursing diagnosis. the number of diagnosis service is similar with it. 3. During five years. average visiting frequency of nurse is 10.84 and average visiting frequency with doctor is 76.50 seeing from the official scale of nurse. visiting by household is performed two more per year to the average. Seeing this by type of service. average visiting frequency of nurse is higher in indirectly nursing than in directly nursing and that suggests that at the time of visiting household nurse performs education of protection lively save patient but at the time of contrastedly visiting with doctor. directly nursing is more contents of service show no difference by man power and medication dressing by demand is 14.3 and 18.6 the aid of hardship term of doctor and nurse is high by 18.7 and 17.00 in the request of hospitalization when seeing by demands. 4. Action by turns exemplified 1994 is well in sequence of 2/4 turn. 3/4 turn. 1/4 turn. 4/4 turn. When seen by average visiting frequency of nurse but gradually is even. Without difference by turns. average visiting frequency of doctor is much higher in 1/4 turn than other turns. Type of service by turns is all even but directly nursing is inactive in 4/4 and indirectly nursing. Very increases in 4/4 and so. Nurse's quantity of duty is plentiful that shows that by evaluation of last turn and plan of project. Contents of service follows that medication and dressing is the highest by' 5.57 in 1/4turn. goes down gradually by turn. becomes 3.57 in 3/4 turn. and increases again by 4.83 in 4/4 turn. the rest service is higher in 2/4 turn than other turns. 5. Total visiting frequency of nurse is explained to total $37.5\%$ by six valuables of visiting frequency of doctor. nursing demand. demand of diagnosis. condition of behavior. year. Special terms and magnitude of influential power is the same as sequence of enumerated valuables. Namely. the higher the visiting frequency of doctor. the bigger nursing and demand of diagnosis is. the worse the condition of behavior is. the older the object is and the more the household of special terms is. the high total visiting frequency of nurse is.

• Survey Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.137-161
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• 2009

Survey environment has recently been changed along with its bad conditions. Surveyors feel difficult to meet respondents because the number of one person-household and working-together-household has rapidly increased. With a growing awareness of protecting personal information, respondents no longer want to response to a questionnaire. To get responses form an increasing number of non-response houses and respondents who are difficult to meet, Korea National Statistical Office(KNSO) has changed its survey methods and thus introduced new survey methods, free from face-to-face interviews. A telephone interview has officially been allowed for some reasonable situations and it shows a tendency that the trend of interviewing method is moving toward Internet survey. This paper focuses on how survey methods should be changed with the use of IT in response to changes in the survey environment. Survey methods combined with IT have many excellent advantages, Korea has been an enviable World IT contest for a long time. If Korea can apply such an advanced IT environment to survey methods successfully, it will make a great contribution toward improving the survey quality. This paper also reviews which survey method is most appropriate for National Statistics as the survey environment has changed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.107-113
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• 2019

The highest percentage of single-person households is older than 60. Many of them live in dilapidated residential space because they are in difficult economic situations. The windows of them often don't exist or don't function properly as windows. As a result, they are suffering from social problems such as depression, solitude. This paper proposes an interactive window interface that reflects external environmental information for older people in their 60s or older of one household living in a dilapidated residential space. This content utilizes an inexpensive TV or PC monitor that doesn't require extra space and cost. Recognizing a user's hand through intuitive touch-sensing technology, which doesn't require much help from older people, this content provides weather videos and temperature information that reflect current external environment. Alert notification sound and SMS service are provided in preparation for more critical user emergencies. This content enables users to feel emotional stability and respond quickly to emergencies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.21-30
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• 2017

This study investigated the total annual direct cost of cerebrovascular disease patients. For this study, 265 respondents who answered that they used more than one emergency, inpatient, and outpatient services for cerebrovascular disease during the year of 2012 among Korean medical panel investigators in 2012 were included. In general, patients with cerebrovascular disease responded to cerebrovascular disease among Korean medical panel respondents in 2012. Percentage of respondents using inpatient and outpatient services. Total direct cost was calculated. According to the results of the study, the per capita annual medical expenditure per person is about 561,934 won, 669,557 won for men and 448,696 won for women. In the case of health insurance subscribers, the per capita self burden due to cerebrovascular disease averaged 634,459 won and the medical benefit recipients 160,236 won. The average total direct cost of 265 people with cerebrovascular disease is about 162,165,690, 193,223,955 won for men and 129,486,685 for women. The total direct cost per person due to cerebrovascular disease was 183,095,125 won and the medical benefit recipient was 46,241,705 won. According to household income, the highest rate of 672,268 won in the third income group of the household income, and 108,970,650 won in the fifth income group, the lowest total direct cost of the patients with cerebrovascular disease.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.351-361
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• 1995

The main purpose of the study is to identify critical risk factors for development of a family assessment tool to screen high risk family. This study used a conceptual framework of family diagnosis developed by Eui-sook Kim's (1993) and analyzed risk factors to identify the high risk family. As employing a explorative and methodological study design, this study has four stages. 1. In the first stage, 34 family risk factors were identified by doing intensive literature review on conceptual framework of family diagnoses. 2. In the second stage, above risk factors were tested for content validity by consultation with 29 persons in community health nursing, nursing education, family theory, and social work. 3. In the third stage, existing survey data was used for actual application of the identified risk factors. The survey data used for this purpose was previously collected for the community diagnosis in a region of Seoul. At the final stage, through the comparison between high risk and low risk families, initially identified 34 risk factors decreased to 25 risk factors. Among 34 risk factors, six factors did not agree with content of questionnaries sand two factors were not significant in differentiating the high risk family Also, two risk factors showed high correlation between themselves, so only one of those two factors was chosen. As a result, twenty-five risk factors chosen to identify the high risk family are following ; 1. A single parent family due to divorce or death of a partner, or unweded single mother 2. A family with an unrelated household members 3. A family with a working mother with a young child 4. A family with no regular income 5. A family with no rule in family or too strict rules 6. A family with little or no support from other lam-ily members 7. A family with little or no support from friends or relatives 8. A family with little or no time to share with each other 9. A family with family history of hypertension, diabetus, cancer 10. A family with a sick person 11. A family with a mentally ill person 12. A family with a disabled person 13. A family with an alcoholic person 14. A family with a excessive smoker who smokes more than 1 pack / day 15. A family with too much salt intake in their diet. 16. A family with inappropriate management skills for family health 17. A family with high utilization of drug store than hospital to solve the health problems of the family 18. A family with disharmony between husband and wife 19. A family with conflicts among the family members 20. A family with unequal division of labor among family members 21. An authoritative family structure 22. A socially isolated family 23. The location of house is not residential area 24. A family with high risk of accidents 25. The drinking water and sewage systems are not hygienic. The main implication of the results of this study is clinical use. The high risk factors can be used to identify the high risk family effectively and efficiently. The use of high risk factors woule contribute to develop a conceptual framework of family diagnosis in Korea and the list of risk factors need to be revised continuously. Further researches are needed to develop an index of weight of each risk factor and to validate the risk factors.