• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.272-278
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• 2018

Reinforced concrete (RC) has been used as a construction material in various environments, such as airports, bridges, and ocean concrete structures, etc. Over time, however, rebar in the concrete is prone to corrosion from environmental forces and structural defects of the concrete. Cathodic protection (CP) was invented to prevent problems with corrosion and is widely used for different applications. Cathodic protection is divided into two types: sacrificial anode cathodic protection (SACP) and impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP). There are several limitations to the use of sacrificial anode cathodic protection in complex reinforced concrete structures, including concrete resistivity, throwing power of the CP, and environmental conditions. These limitations can affect the protection performance of SACP. Therefore, we used impressed current cathodic protection in our study. We tested Ti-Mesh, Ti-Rod, and Ti-Ribbon anodes in slab type reinforced concrete specimens. Electrochemical tests were conducted to confirm the impressed current cathodic protection performance under different environmental conditions.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.64-68
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• 2022

Herein, we propose a LoRaWAN-based small draft system that can measure the ocean current flow (speed, direction, and distance) in real time at the request of the Coast Guard to develop a device that can promptly find survivors at sea. This system has been implemented and verified in the early stages of rescue after maritime vessel accidents, which are frequent. GPS signals often transmit considerable errors, so correction algorithms using the improved triangulation method algorithm are required to accurately indicate the direction of currents in real time. This paper is structured in the following manner. The introduction section elucidates rescue activities in the case of a maritime accident. Chapter 2 explains the characteristics and main parameters of the GPS surveying technique and LoRaWAN communication, which are related studies. It explains and expands on the critical distance error correction algorithm for GPS signals and its improvement. Chapter 3 discusses the design and analysis of small draft buoys. Chapter 4 presents the testing and validation of the implemented system in both onshore and offshore environments. Finally, Section 5 concludes the study with the expected impact and effects in the future.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2015

With the rapidly increasing and widespread use of electronic and controlling equipment, the control of the electromagnetic (EM) wave environment becomes an important social issue. To solve the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC, both electromagnetic interface and electromagnetic susceptibility) problems, in this paper, we introduce the countermeasure techniques focused on EM wave absorbers for EMC problems in our laboratory at the Korea Maritime and Ocean University. The current technologies related to EM wave absorbers to solve EMC problems will first be described. The prospects of and a design for EM wave absorbers including a smart absorber with a heat radiating function will then be suggested.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.768-783
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• 2020

Typically, a Dynamic Positioning System (DPS) uses a PID feed-back system, and it often adopts a wind feed-forward system because of its easier implementation than a feed-forward system based on current or wave. But, because a ship's drifting motion is caused by wind, current, and wave drift loads, all three environmental loads should be considered. In this study, a motion predictive control for the PID feedback system of the DPS is proposed, which considers the three environmental loads by utilizing predicted drifted ship positions in the future since it contains information about the three environmental loads from the moment to the future. The prediction accuracy for the future drifted ship position is ensured by adopting deep learning algorithms and a replay buffer. Finally, it is shown that the proposed motion predictive system results in better station-keeping performance than the wind feed-forward system.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2001

In order to clarify the seasonal variation of the residual current and the material transportation process in Hiroshima Bay, JAPAN, the real-time simulation of residual current and particle tracking by using the Euler-Lagrange model were carried out. The calculated tidal current, water temperature, and salinity showed good agreement with the observed ones. The residual currents showed a southward flow pattern at the upper layer, and a northward flow pattern at the lower layer. The flow structure of the residual current in Hiroshima Bay is an estuarine circulation affected by density flow and wind driven current. The residual current plays an important role of material transportation in the bay.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2021

In order to understand the tide and current around the sea route of Jinhae and Masan passages, tide measurement and 2D numerical model experiments of tidal current and residual flow were carried out. Tide is composed of 84% of semi-diurnal tide, 11% of diurnal tide and 4% of shallow water tide, respectively. Phase lags of the major components for the tide around the study area have little differences. The flows are reversing on the whole, but have rotational form around Jamdo Island, south of Masan passage in spring tide and Ungdo Island, north of Masan passage in middle and neap tide. Current flows the speed of 50 cm/s in the sea areas near small islands, 5 cm/s in Jinhae harbor, Hangam bay and near Jinhae industrial complex and 20-30 cm/s in Jinhae passage, Budo channel and Masan passage. Tide-induced topographical eddies are formed near small islands, but few eddies exist and the flow rate of less than 5 cm/s tidal residual current formed in Jinhae and Masan passages. The flows in Jinhae and Masan passage give a good condition for a passage into Jinhae and Masan harbor.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.32-43
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• 2016

A UUV needs to have a robust path following performance because of unpredicted current disturbances. Because the desired path of a UUV is usually designed by considering the locations of obstacles or geographical features of the operation region, the UUV should stay on the desired path to avoid damage or loss of the vehicle. However, conventional path following methods cannot deal with strong countercurrent disturbances. Thus, the UUV may deviate from the desired path. In order to avoid such deviation, a backward path following method is suggested. This paper proposes a path following method that combines pure pursuit guidance and nonlinear guidance for the UUV under an unpredicted strong ocean current. For a stable path following system, this paper suggests that the UUV adjust its heading to the current direction using the pure pursuit guidance method when the system is in an unstable region, or the UUV follows the desired path with nonlinear guidance. By combining the pure pursuit guidance and nonlinear guidance, it was possible to overcome the drawbacks of each path following method in the reverse path following case. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown through simulation results compared to those of the pure pursuit method and nonlinear guidance method.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.386-393
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• 2013

An feasibility analysis is performed for the tidal current power generation with the examination of the sea water speed distribution at Pungdo. In this analysis, the water speed distribution which is the key issue was obtained from the actual speed distribution data and results in "the annual current tidal power". Due to the lack of cost information, we applied EPRI data from the internet site instead of the actual information. The result could be used as a base data for the construction of current tidal power plant in the near future. And it is expected to provides good data for the Energy policy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.635-640
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• 2016

This paper dealt with the deterioration characteristics and an on-line diagnosis equipment for SPDs (surge protective devices). An accelerated aging test was carried out using a $8/20{\mu}s$ standard lightning impulse current to analyze the changes of electrical characteristics and to propose the diagnostic parameters and the criterion for deterioration of ZnO varistor which is the core component of SPDs. Based on the experimental results, an on-line diagnosis equipment for SPD was fabricated, which can measure the total leakage current, reference and clamping voltage. The leakage current measurement circuit was designed using a low-noise amplifier and a clamp type ZCT. A linear controller, the leakage current measurement part and a HVDC were used in the measurement of reference voltage. The measurement circuit of clamping voltage consisted of a surge generator and a coupling circuit. In a calibration process, measurement error of the prototype equipment was less than 3%.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.64-68
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• 2009

It has been observed that coated steel structures deteriorate more rapidly than the designed lifetime due to acid rain caused by air pollution, etc. Therefore, improving the corrosion resistance of anti-corrosive paint is very important in terms of safety and the economic point of view. In this study, the corrosion resistance of five kinds of anti-corrosive paints, including the Acryl, Fluorine, and Epoxy resin series, were investigated with electrochemical methods, such as corrosion potential measurements, polarization curves, diffusion limiting current density, etc. As a result, the corrosion resistance of the F101 specimen with the fluorine resin series was found to be superior to the other specimens, while E100 with the epoxy resin series also showed a somewhat good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, it was observed that the amount of water and oxygen entering the inner side of a painted film increased with an increase in immersion time, irrespective of the kind of resin series. However, the oxygen diffusion limiting current density of a specimen with good corrosion resistance was relatively decreased compared to other specimens, because of the difficulty of oxygen diffusion penetrating to the inner side of the film. Consequently it is suggested that we can qualitatively evaluate the corrosion resistance of an anti-corrosive paint by measuring the diffusion limiting current density as an electrochemical method.